Solar eclipse of May 30, 1965

Last updated
Solar eclipse of May 30, 1965
SE1965May30T.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma −0.4225
Magnitude 1.0544
Maximum eclipse
Duration315 s (5 min 15 s)
Coordinates 2°30′S133°48′W / 2.5°S 133.8°W / -2.5; -133.8
Max. width of band198 km (123 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse21:17:31
References
Saros 127 (55 of 82)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9432

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Sunday, May 30 and Monday, May 31, 1965, [1] with a magnitude of 1.0544. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.9 days before perigee (on June 1, 1965, at 19:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger. [2]

Contents

As most of the eclipse's path was over open ocean, a prolonged observation was made by a jet transport; flying parallel to the path of the eclipse at 587 mph (945 km/h), this gave scientists what was at the time the "longest probe in man's history into the conditions of a solar eclipse", for nearly ten minutes. The expedition involved scientists from NASA, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, and Switzerland; in total, 30 researchers and 13 separate research projects were represented on the plane. [3] [4] [5] The plane, operated by NASA, took off from Hilo, Hawaii, and met up with the path of the eclipse approximately 1,000 mi (1,600 km) south of there. [6] While mostly invisible from land, some ground-based observers in an 85-mile-wide strip of northern New Zealand were able to clearly view the event. [6]

Totality was visible from northwestern Northland Region in New Zealand on May 31 (Monday), and Manuae in Cook Islands, Manuae and Motu One in French Polynesia, and Peru on May 30 (Sunday). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Oceania, Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and western South America.

Observations

New Zealand, Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Japan and the Soviet Union sent observation teams to Manuae, Cook Islands to observe the total eclipse. The New Zealand government deployed ships to transport passengers from Rarotonga, the island where the national capital Avarua is located, to Manuae. The atoll has a total area of 1,524 hectares, and only a few copra workers lived there permanently. During the totality, there were 85 scientists as well as their assistants on the atoll. The sun was covered by clouds during the eclipse and observations were not successful. [7] In the northern part of New Zealand's North Island, the total eclipse occurred shortly after sunrise on May 31 local time. Although there were some clouds in the sky on the previous evening, the eclipse was seen successfully. In addition, scientists also launched rockets to obtain observation data from high altitude. [8]

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [9]

May 30, 1965 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1965 May 30 at 18:42:27.7 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1965 May 30 at 19:41:19.6 UTC
First Central Line1965 May 30 at 19:42:27.9 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1965 May 30 at 19:43:36.4 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1965 May 30 at 20:58:09.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1965 May 30 at 21:06:07.2 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1965 May 30 at 21:13:07.3 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1965 May 30 at 21:17:30.7 UTC
Greatest Duration1965 May 30 at 21:22:56.7 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1965 May 30 at 21:37:09.3 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1965 May 30 at 22:51:30.3 UTC
Last Central Line1965 May 30 at 22:52:40.6 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1965 May 30 at 22:53:50.7 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1965 May 30 at 23:52:34.5 UTC
May 30, 1965 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude1.05440
Eclipse Obscuration1.11175
Gamma−0.42251
Sun Right Ascension04h30m07.4s
Sun Declination+21°50'16.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter15'46.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.7"
Moon Right Ascension04h30m34.5s
Moon Declination+21°25'43.5"
Moon Semi-Diameter16'22.9"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax1°00'07.2"
ΔT36.1 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of May–June 1965
May 30
Ascending node (new moon)
June 14
Descending node (full moon)
SE1965May30T.png Lunar eclipse chart close-1965Jun14.png
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 127
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 139

Eclipses in 1965

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 127

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1964–1967

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [10]

The partial solar eclipses on January 14, 1964 and July 9, 1964 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1964 to 1967
Ascending node Descending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
117 June 10, 1964
SE1964Jun10P.png
Partial
−1.1393122 December 4, 1964
SE1964Dec04P.png
Partial
1.1193
127 May 30, 1965
SE1965May30T.png
Total
−0.4225132 November 23, 1965
SE1965Nov23A.png
Annular
0.3906
137 May 20, 1966
SE1966May20A.png
Annular
0.3467142 November 12, 1966
SE1966Nov12T.png
Total
−0.33
147 May 9, 1967
SE1967May09P.png
Partial
1.1422152 November 2, 1967
SE1967Nov02T.png
Total (non-central)
1.0007

Saros 127

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 127, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 82 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on October 10, 991 AD. It contains total eclipses from May 14, 1352 through August 15, 2091. There are no annular or hybrid eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 82 as a partial eclipse on March 21, 2452. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 31 at 5 minutes, 40 seconds on August 30, 1532. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit. [11]

Series members 46–68 occur between 1801 and 2200:
464748
SE1803Feb21T.png
February 21, 1803
SE1821Mar04T.gif
March 4, 1821
SE1839Mar15T.gif
March 15, 1839
495051
SE1857Mar25T.gif
March 25, 1857
SE1875Apr06T.png
April 6, 1875
SE1893Apr16T.png
April 16, 1893
525354
SE1911Apr28T.png
April 28, 1911
SE1929May09T.png
May 9, 1929
SE1947May20T.png
May 20, 1947
555657
SE1965May30T.png
May 30, 1965
SE1983Jun11T.png
June 11, 1983
SE2001Jun21T.png
June 21, 2001
585960
SE2019Jul02T.png
July 2, 2019
SE2037Jul13T.png
July 13, 2037
SE2055Jul24T.png
July 24, 2055
616263
SE2073Aug03T.png
August 3, 2073
SE2091Aug15T.png
August 15, 2091
Saros127 63van82 SE2109Aug26P.jpg
August 26, 2109
646566
Saros127 64van82 SE2127Sep06P.jpg
September 6, 2127
Saros127 65van82 SE2145Sep16P.jpg
September 16, 2145
Saros127 66van82 SE2163Sep28P.jpg
September 28, 2163
6768
Saros127 67van82 SE2181Oct08P.jpg
October 8, 2181
Saros127 68van82 SE2199Oct19P.jpg
October 19, 2199

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

22 eclipse events between January 5, 1935 and August 11, 2018
January 4–5October 23–24August 10–12May 30–31March 18–19
111113115117119
SE1935Jan05P.png
January 5, 1935
SE1942Aug12P.png
August 12, 1942
SE1946May30P.png
May 30, 1946
SE1950Mar18A.png
March 18, 1950
121123125127129
SE1954Jan05A.png
January 5, 1954
SE1957Oct23T.png
October 23, 1957
SE1961Aug11A.png
August 11, 1961
SE1965May30T.png
May 30, 1965
SE1969Mar18A.png
March 18, 1969
131133135137139
SE1973Jan04A.png
January 4, 1973
SE1976Oct23T.png
October 23, 1976
SE1980Aug10A.png
August 10, 1980
SE1984May30A.png
May 30, 1984
SE1988Mar18T.png
March 18, 1988
141143145147149
SE1992Jan04A.png
January 4, 1992
SE1995Oct24T.png
October 24, 1995
SE1999Aug11T.png
August 11, 1999
SE2003May31A.png
May 31, 2003
SE2007Mar19P.png
March 19, 2007
151153155
SE2011Jan04P.png
January 4, 2011
SE2014Oct23P.png
October 23, 2014
SE2018Aug11P.png
August 11, 2018

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1801Sep08P.png
September 8, 1801
(Saros 112)
SE1812Aug07P.gif
August 7, 1812
(Saros 113)
SE1823Jul08P.gif
July 8, 1823
(Saros 114)
SE1834Jun07P.gif
June 7, 1834
(Saros 115)
SE1845May06An.gif
May 6, 1845
(Saros 116)
SE1856Apr05T.gif
April 5, 1856
(Saros 117)
SE1867Mar06A.gif
March 6, 1867
(Saros 118)
SE1878Feb02A.gif
February 2, 1878
(Saros 119)
SE1889Jan01T.png
January 1, 1889
(Saros 120)
SE1899Dec03A.png
December 3, 1899
(Saros 121)
SE1910Nov02P.png
November 2, 1910
(Saros 122)
SE1921Oct01T.png
October 1, 1921
(Saros 123)
SE1932Aug31T.png
August 31, 1932
(Saros 124)
SE1943Aug01A.png
August 1, 1943
(Saros 125)
SE1954Jun30T.png
June 30, 1954
(Saros 126)
SE1965May30T.png
May 30, 1965
(Saros 127)
SE1976Apr29A.png
April 29, 1976
(Saros 128)
SE1987Mar29H.png
March 29, 1987
(Saros 129)
SE1998Feb26T.png
February 26, 1998
(Saros 130)
SE2009Jan26A.png
January 26, 2009
(Saros 131)
SE2019Dec26A.png
December 26, 2019
(Saros 132)
SE2030Nov25T.png
November 25, 2030
(Saros 133)
SE2041Oct25A.png
October 25, 2041
(Saros 134)
SE2052Sep22A.png
September 22, 2052
(Saros 135)
SE2063Aug24T.png
August 24, 2063
(Saros 136)
SE2074Jul24A.png
July 24, 2074
(Saros 137)
SE2085Jun22A.png
June 22, 2085
(Saros 138)
SE2096May22T.png
May 22, 2096
(Saros 139)
SE2107Apr23A.png
April 23, 2107
(Saros 140)
SE2118Mar22A.png
March 22, 2118
(Saros 141)
SE2129Feb18T.png
February 18, 2129
(Saros 142)
SE2140Jan20A.png
January 20, 2140
(Saros 143)
SE2150Dec19A.png
December 19, 2150
(Saros 144)
SE2161Nov17T.png
November 17, 2161
(Saros 145)
SE2172Oct17H.png
October 17, 2172
(Saros 146)
Saros147 32van80 SE2183Sep16A.jpg
September 16, 2183
(Saros 147)
Saros148 31van75 SE2194Aug16T.jpg
August 16, 2194
(Saros 148)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1820Sep07A.png
September 7, 1820
(Saros 122)
SE1849Aug18T.gif
August 18, 1849
(Saros 123)
SE1878Jul29T.png
July 29, 1878
(Saros 124)
SE1907Jul10A.png
July 10, 1907
(Saros 125)
SE1936Jun19T.png
June 19, 1936
(Saros 126)
SE1965May30T.png
May 30, 1965
(Saros 127)
SE1994May10A.png
May 10, 1994
(Saros 128)
SE2023Apr20H.png
April 20, 2023
(Saros 129)
SE2052Mar30T.png
March 30, 2052
(Saros 130)
SE2081Mar10A.png
March 10, 2081
(Saros 131)
SE2110Feb18A.png
February 18, 2110
(Saros 132)
SE2139Jan30T.png
January 30, 2139
(Saros 133)
SE2168Jan10A.png
January 10, 2168
(Saros 134)
SE2196Dec19A.png
December 19, 2196
(Saros 135)

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References

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  2. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
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  4. "Probe of Eclipse History's Longest". The Courier. Waterloo, Iowa. 1965-05-31. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-16 via Newspapers.com.
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  6. 1 2 "Eclipse studied from jet". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Victoria, Australia. 1965-06-01. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-16 via Newspapers.com.
  7. "A Full Total Solar Sun Eclipse Cook Islands 1965". Archived from the original on 28 November 2019.
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  11. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 127". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.