Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852

Last updated
Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852
Partial eclipse
SE1852Jan21P.png
Map
Gamma −1.2948
Magnitude 0.4577
Maximum eclipse
Coordinates 68°54′S124°18′W / 68.9°S 124.3°W / -68.9; -124.3
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse7:12:16
References
Saros 148 (12 of 75)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9168
June 17, 1852 →

A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Wednesday, January 21, 1852, with a magnitude of 0.4577. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

Contents

It was first of three partial eclipses that took place that year within the space of nearly six months, the last one was in June 1852 in the same hemisphere with a very tiny portion in the same area with the previous eclipse but the remainder in South America. [1]

Description

The eclipse was visible in almost the whole of Antarctica which had a 24-hour daylight with the exception of one part of the mid northernmost area of Antarctica by the Indian Ocean and around the area of the Antarctic Circle, a small piece of southernmost Tasmania with Hobart in it, most all of New Zealand's South Island and a small part of Wellington on North Island, the nearby Antipodes, Chatham Islands and Macquarrie Island. It also included the southernmost areas of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

The eclipse started at sunrise around the area of the South Orkney Islands and finished at sunset in New Zealand.

The eclipse showed up to 45% obscuration in the area of the greatest eclipse which occurred at sunset.

in Tasmania and southeastern Australia and finished at sunset at the Pacific and a tiny part of Western Antarctica. The greatest eclipse was in the Pacific Ocean hundreds of miles (or kilometers) north of Antarctica at 68.9 S & 124.3 E at 7:12 UTC (11:12 AM local time on January 20). [1]

The subsolar marking was in the Indian Ocean around the Tropic of Capricorn and offshore from the Agalega Islands.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [2]

January 21, 1852 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1852 January 21 at 05:32:16.3 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1852 January 21 at 06:54:39.4 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1852 January 21 at 07:12:15.7 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1852 January 21 at 07:26:51.7 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1852 January 21 at 08:52:28.0 UTC
January 21, 1852 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.45774
Eclipse Obscuration0.33832
Gamma−1.29485
Sun Right Ascension20h10m41.9s
Sun Declination-20°03'55.8"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'15.0"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.9"
Moon Right Ascension20h11m18.5s
Moon Declination-21°15'36.8"
Moon Semi-Diameter15'13.9"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°55'54.1"
ΔT7.1 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of January 1852
January 7
Ascending node (full moon)
January 21
Descending node (new moon)
SE1852Jan21P.png
Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 122
Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 148

Eclipses in 1852

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 148

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1848–1852

This eclipse is a member of a semester series . An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [3]

The partial solar eclipses on April 3, 1848 and September 27, 1848 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses on June 17, 1852 (partial) and December 11, 1852 (total) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1848 to 1852
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
108March 5, 1848
SE1848Mar05P.gif
Partial
1.3950113August 28, 1848
SE1848Aug28P.gif
Partial
−1.5475
118February 23, 1849
SE1849Feb23A.gif
Annular
0.7475123August 18, 1849
SE1849Aug18T.gif
Total
−0.7343
128February 12, 1850
SE1850Feb12A.gif
Annular
0.0503133August 7, 1850
SE1850Aug07T.gif
Total
0.0215
138February 1, 1851
SE1851Feb01A.gif
Annular
−0.6413143 July 28, 1851
SE1851Jul28T.png
Total
0.7644
148 January 21, 1852
SE1852Jan21P.png
Partial
−1.2948

Saros 148

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 148, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 75 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on September 21, 1653. It contains annular eclipses on April 29, 2014 and May 9, 2032; a hybrid eclipse on May 20, 2050; and total eclipses from May 31, 2068 through August 3, 2771. The series ends at member 75 as a partial eclipse on December 12, 2987. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 22 at 22 seconds (by default) on May 9, 2032, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 54 at 5 minutes, 23 seconds on April 26, 2609. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit. [4]

Series members 10–31 occur between 1801 and 2200:
101112
SE1815Dec30P.gif
December 30, 1815
SE1834Jan09P.gif
January 9, 1834
SE1852Jan21P.gif
January 21, 1852
131415
SE1870Jan31P.gif
January 31, 1870
SE1888Feb11P.gif
February 11, 1888
SE1906Feb23P.png
February 23, 1906
161718
SE1924Mar05P.png
March 5, 1924
SE1942Mar16P.png
March 16, 1942
SE1960Mar27P.png
March 27, 1960
192021
SE1978Apr07P.png
April 7, 1978
SE1996Apr17P.png
April 17, 1996
SE2014Apr29A.png
April 29, 2014
222324
SE2032May09A.png
May 9, 2032
SE2050May20H.png
May 20, 2050
SE2068May31T.png
May 31, 2068
252627
SE2086Jun11T.png
June 11, 2086
Saros148 26van75 SE2104Jun22T.jpg
June 22, 2104
Saros148 27van75 SE2122Jul04T.jpg
July 4, 2122
282930
Saros148 28van75 SE2140Jul14T.jpg
July 14, 2140
SE2158Jul25T.png
July 25, 2158
Saros148 30van75 SE2176Aug04T.jpg
August 4, 2176
31
Saros148 31van75 SE2194Aug16T.jpg
August 16, 2194

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

24 eclipse events between August 28, 1802 and August 28, 1859
August 27–28June 16April 3–4January 20–21November 9
122124126128130
SE1802Aug28A.png
August 28, 1802
SE1806Jun16T.png
June 16, 1806
SE1810Apr04A.gif
April 4, 1810
SE1814Jan21A.gif
January 21, 1814
SE1817Nov09T.gif
November 9, 1817
132134136138140
SE1821Aug27A.gif
August 27, 1821
SE1825Jun16H.gif
June 16, 1825
SE1829Apr03T.gif
April 3, 1829
SE1833Jan20A.gif
January 20, 1833
SE1836Nov09T.gif
November 9, 1836
142144146148150
SE1840Aug27T.gif
August 27, 1840
SE1844Jun16P.gif
June 16, 1844
SE1848Apr03P.png
April 3, 1848
SE1852Jan21P.png
January 21, 1852
SE1855Nov09P.gif
November 9, 1855
152
SE1859Aug28P.gif
August 28, 1859

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 1928
SE1808May25P.gif
May 25, 1808
(Saros 144)
SE1819Apr24P.gif
April 24, 1819
(Saros 145)
SE1830Mar24P.gif
March 24, 1830
(Saros 146)
SE1841Feb21P.gif
February 21, 1841
(Saros 147)
SE1852Jan21P.png
January 21, 1852
(Saros 148)
SE1862Dec21P.gif
December 21, 1862
(Saros 149)
SE1873Nov20P.png
November 20, 1873
(Saros 150)
SE1884Oct19P.gif
October 19, 1884
(Saros 151)
SE1895Sep18P.gif
September 18, 1895
(Saros 152)
SE1906Aug20P.png
August 20, 1906
(Saros 153)
SE1917Jul19P.png
July 19, 1917
(Saros 154)
SE1928Jun17P.png
June 17, 1928
(Saros 155)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1823Feb11P.gif
February 11, 1823
(Saros 147)
SE1852Jan21P.png
January 21, 1852
(Saros 148)
SE1880Dec31P.gif
December 31, 1880
(Saros 149)
SE1909Dec12P.png
December 12, 1909
(Saros 150)
SE1938Nov21P.png
November 21, 1938
(Saros 151)
SE1967Nov02T.png
November 2, 1967
(Saros 152)
SE1996Oct12P.png
October 12, 1996
(Saros 153)
SE2025Sep21P.png
September 21, 2025
(Saros 154)
SE2054Sep02P.png
September 2, 2054
(Saros 155)
SE2083Aug13P.png
August 13, 2083
(Saros 156)
Saros157 04van70 SE2112Jul23P.jpg
July 23, 2112
(Saros 157)
Saros158 05van70 SE2141Jul03P.jpg
July 3, 2141
(Saros 158)
Saros159 03van70 SE2170Jun14P.jpg
June 14, 2170
(Saros 159)
Saros160 02van71 SE2199May24P.jpg
May 24, 2199
(Saros 160)

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Solar eclipse of January 21, 1852". NASA. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
  2. "Partial Solar Eclipse of 1852 Jan 21". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  3. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  4. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 148". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.