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Provincial elections were held in Pakistan on 17 December 1970, ten days after general elections. [1] Members of the five Provincial assemblies were elected in Balochistan, East Pakistan, North West Frontier Province, Punjab and Sindh.
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
National Awami Party (Wali) | 8 | |
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | 3 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | 2 | |
Balochistan United Front | 1 | |
National Awami Party (Achakzai) | 1 | |
Independents | 5 | |
Total | 20 | |
Source: Baxter [1] |
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Awami League | 288 | |
Pakistan Democratic Party | 2 | |
National Awami Party (Wali) | 1 | |
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 1 | |
Nizam-e-Islam Party | 1 | |
Independents | 7 | |
Total | 300 | |
Source: Baxter [1] |
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
National Awami Party (Wali) | 13 | |
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | 10 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | 4 | |
Pakistan Peoples Party | 3 | |
Council Muslim League | 2 | |
Convention Muslim League | 1 | |
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 1 | |
Other parties | 0 | |
Independents | 6 | |
Total | 40 | |
Source: Baxter [1] |
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Pakistan Peoples Party | 113 | |
Convention Muslim League | 15 | |
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | 6 | |
Council Muslim League | 6 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | 4 | |
Pakistan Democratic Party | 4 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | 2 | |
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 1 | |
Jamiat Ahle Hadith | 1 | |
Independents | 28 | |
Total | 180 | |
Source: Baxter [1] |
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Pakistan Peoples Party | 28 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | 7 | |
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | 5 | |
Convention Muslim League | 4 | |
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 1 | |
MPPM | 1 | |
Independents | 14 | |
Total | 60 | |
Source: Baxter [1] |
West Pakistan was the western polity of Pakistan, it was one of the two provincial exclaves created under the One Unit Scheme in 1955 in Pakistan. It was created to ensure population-based equality with its eastern counter-part and it was dissolved to once again form former provinces for the General Elections in 1970 under the 1970 Legal Framework Order.
The Senate of Pakistan or Aiwān-e-Bālā Pākistān, constitutionally House of the Federation is the upper legislative chamber of the bicameral parliament of Pakistan. As of 2023, It has a total of 100 seats, of which 92 are elected by the provincial legislatures of Pakistan, with equal representation of 23 seats for all provinces, using indirect single transferable votes, while 4 represent the Federal Capital and the remaining 4 are representing FATA, until membership expiration in 2024. Elections are held every three years for one half of the house, each Senator has a term of six years. Unlike the National Assembly, the Senate is a continuing chamber and hence not subject to dissolution.
The Parliament of Pakistan is the federal and supreme legislative body of Pakistan. It is a bicameral federal legislature that consists of the Senate as the upper house and the National Assembly as the lower house. According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the President of Pakistan is also a component of the Parliament. The National Assembly is elected for a five-year term on the basis of adult franchise and one-man one-vote. The tenure of a Member of the National Assembly is for the duration of the house, or sooner, in case the Member dies or resigns. The tenure of the National Assembly also comes to an end if dissolved on the advice of the Prime Minister or by the president in his discretion under the Constitution.
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Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has had an asymmetric federal government and is a federal parliamentary democratic republic. At the national level, the people of Pakistan elect a bicameral legislature, the Parliament of Pakistan. The parliament consists of a lower house called the National Assembly, which is elected directly, and an upper house called the Senate, whose members are chosen by elected provincial legislators. The head of government, the Prime Minister, is elected by the majority members of the National Assembly and the head of state, the President, is elected by the Electoral College, which consists of both houses of Parliament together with the four provincial assemblies. In addition to the national parliament and the provincial assemblies, Pakistan also has more than five thousand elected local governments.
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The East Pakistan Provincial Assembly, known as the East Bengal Legislative Assembly between 1947 and 1955, was the provincial legislature of East Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. It was known as the East Bengal Assembly from 1947 to 1955 when the provincial name was changed. The legislature was a successor to the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, which were divided between East Bengal and West Bengal during the partition of Bengal in 1947. It was the largest provincial legislature in Pakistan. Elections were held only twice in 1954 and 1970.
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The Governor of Balochistan is the head of the province of Balochistan, Pakistan. The post was established on 1 July 1970, after the dissolution of West Pakistan province and the end of One Unit. Under Pakistan's current parliamentary system, the governorship is a ceremonial position, as a symbol of the federation. The governor is appointed by the centre, whereas the principal head of the provincial government remains the elected Chief Minister of Balochistan.
The Constitution of 1962 was the fundamental law of Islamic Republic of Pakistan from 8 June 1962 until martial law was declared in 25 March 1969. It was abrogated on 25 March 1969 by President Yahya Khan.
General elections were held in British India in December 1945 to elect members of the Central Legislative Assembly and the Council of State. The Indian National Congress emerged as the largest party, winning 57 of the 102 elected seats. The Muslim League won all Muslim constituencies, but failed to win any other seats. Of the 13 remaining seats, 8 went to Europeans, 3 to independents, and 2 to Akali candidates in the Sikh constituencies of Punjab. This election coupled with the provincial one in 1946 proved to be a strategic victory for Jinnah and the partitionists. Even though Congress won, the League had united the Muslim vote and as such it gained the negotiating power to seek a separate Muslim homeland as it became clear that a united India would prove highly unstable. The elected members later formed the Constituent Assembly of India.
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