2023–2024 Gaza Strip preterm births

Last updated

2023–2024 Gaza Strip preterm births
Part of the Israel–Hamas war and the Gaza humanitarian crisis
Premature babies in Gaza, 2023.webp
Premature babies at Al-Shifa
Date21 October 2023 – present
(1 year, 1 month, 3 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Gaza Strip
Status Ongoing
Casualties and losses
31+ dead [a]

The Gaza Strip faced a premature baby crisis during the Israel–Hamas war. The situation escalated when the Israeli Defense Forces raided Al-Shifa Hospital, Al-Nasr Children's Hospital, and Kamal Adwan Hospital. Reports of premature babies in intensive care having to be evacuated from Al-Shifa, as well as the destruction of embryos destined for implantation [5] added to concerns about the rising number of preterm births in Gaza. [6] The newborns gained global attention. [7]

Contents

Background

Starting on 21 October 2023, Medical Aid for Palestinians and UNICEF issued an "urgent warning" that 130 premature babies would die if fuel did not reach Gaza hospitals soon. [8] [9] [10] On 23 October, officials in Gaza confirmed that due to the Israeli siege on fuel, when hospitals lost electricity, premature babies in NICUs were at risk of death. [11] [12] A press release from the International Rescue Committee (IRC) in April 2024 stated that pregnant women in Gaza had been experiencing premature labor and miscarriage at rates three times higher than before the conflict intensified. The rise was attributed to displacement, trauma, and malnutrition. [13]

In November 2024, Adele Khodr, UNICEF's Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa, emphasized the severe challenges faced by newborns in the Gaza Strip, stating that the war had disrupted fetal development, childbirth, and postnatal care, resulting in an increased need for intensive care among infants. Khodr also referenced reports from doctors highlighting a rising number of premature births, undernourished infants, and newborns with developmental complications. [14]

Al-Shifa Hospital

On 11 November, IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari stated the army would help evacuate babies from al-Shifa Hospital, but a Gaza Health Ministry spokesman stated Israel had not provided "any mechanism to get the babies out to a safer hospital." [15] [16] The same day, Physicians for Human Rights–Israel stated two premature babies had died due to the loss of electricity. [17]

On 15 November, Israel launched a raid on al-Shifa Hospital, where three dozen premature babies were still sheltering. [18] The director of Al-Shifa stated Israel's claim that it would provide incubators to premature babies was false. [19] Reuters reported the IDF said that three battery powered incubators were on standby outside Gaza. [20] [21] The IDF released a video showing them depositing at the front gate of al-Shifa 300 litres of fuel and a photo of a soldier loading mobile incubators. [22] One mother reported believing that her premature son was going to die. [23] On 19 November, 31 premature babies at al-Shifa were evacuated by the Palestinian Red Crescent, WHO, and UNOCHA to southern Gaza. [24] They were planned to be moved to Egypt with their families the following day. [25] Two additional babies died soon after. [26] The babies were reported to be suffering from severe hypoglycemia — insufficient blood sugar. [27] On 20 November, 28 of the babies were evacuated to Egypt. [28] Only eight were accompanied by their parents, as the others were orphans, or their parents were unable to leave Gaza. [29] As of 20 November 2023, eight babies were reported as having died at al-Shifa during that month. [1]

Al-Nasr Children's Hospital

On 10 November, Doctors Without Borders reported that evacuating medical workers at Al-Nasr Children's Hospital had to leave babies in incubators after the IDF bombed the pediatric hospital. [30] [31] On 29 November, video footage from Al-Nasr showed the aftermath of the hospital's evacuation, with the five premature babies dead still in their incubators. [32] The Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor confirmed the Al-Nasr infants' deaths. [33] They stated the IDF had indicated to hospital staff they would evacuate the babies, though the IDF denied any involvement. [34] [35] In a recording of a phone call between COGAT and a medical official, the IDF official confirmed ambulances would retrieve patients from al-Nasr, but hospital officials stated the ambulances never arrived. [3] The Red Cross stated that it had received "several requests" for evacuations from hospitals in northern Gaza, but due to security concerns, it was "not involved in any operations or evacuations, nor did teams commit to doing so." The organization also described the footage of deceased children as an "unspeakable tragedy." [36]

Other hospitals

In mid-December, Israel began a military siege and raid on the Kamal Adwan hospital. On 14 December, the Gaza Health Ministry reported IDF soldiers had prevented medical staff from continuing support to 12 babies in intensive care. [37] Three premature babies had died at Kamal Adwan in November following a power outage. [2] In March 2024, Dr. Husam Abu Safiya, the acting head of Kamal Adwan, reported that his staff were treating 300 to 400 children a day, with 75% suffering from malnutrition. Between January and March 2024, 16 premature babies had died of malnutrition-related causes at the Al Helal Al Emirati Maternity Hospital in Rafah. [38]

On 12 December 2024 the IDF announced a forced displacement order for Gaza City's Patient’s Friends Benevolent Society Hospital, leading Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP) to issue a press release to the effect that this would completely shut down "advanced neo-natal care" across all of Northern Gaza. [39] MAP also said that their doctors in the hospital would not be evacuating. [40]

Rise in preterm births

A pediatric doctor at the Emirati Hospital in Rafah, stated the number of premature babies born in Gaza had risen sharply. [41] On 23 November, Oxfam stated the number of premature births had risen by nearly one-third due to factors like stress and trauma. [42] In February 2024, the UN Population Fund reported that the anxiety mothers were experiencing due to incessant bombings and fleeing for safety had led to a rise in premature births. [43] In July 2024, Doctors Without Borders reported a rise in pre-term deliveries in southern Gaza. [44]

Destruction of embryos

A single strike on Gaza City's Al Basma IVF center, Gaza's largest IVF centre, destroyed most of the frozen IVF Embryos in the Gaza Strip. [45] [46] It destroyed 4000 human embryos and an additional 1000 samples of frozen sperms and eggs. [47] [48] The embryos were stored in liquid nitrogen, which did not require electricity to maintain; they only needed to be topped up once per month. [45] But the blast blew the lid off 5 tanks, causing the liquid to quickly evaporate, which caused the embryos to defrost and die. [47] They are 9 or more clinics in the Gaza Strip that perform IVF related procedures, but most of the embryos were stored in 5 liquid nitrogen tanks at the Al Basma center. [45] The clinic was established in 1997 by obstetrician and gynecologist Bahaeldeen Ghalayini. [49] Bahaeldeen Ghalayini said a single Israeli shell struck the part of the centre where there embryos were stored on the ground floor, but he said he did not know if the lab had been specifically targeted by the strike. [49]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israel–Hamas war</span> Ongoing armed conflict in the Middle East

An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups has been taking place in the Gaza Strip and Israel since 7 October 2023. It is the fifth war of the Gaza–Israel conflict since 2008, and the most significant military engagement in the region since the Yom Kippur War in 1973. It is the deadliest war for Palestinians in the history of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip</span> Israeli military operation since 2023

The Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip is a major part of the Israel–Hamas war. Starting on 7 October 2023, immediately after the Hamas-led attacks on Israel, it began bombing the Gaza Strip; on 13 October, Israel began ground operations in Gaza, and on 27 October, a full-scale invasion was launched. Israel's campaign has four stated goals: to destroy Hamas, to free the hostages, to ensure Gaza no longer poses a threat to Israel, and to return displaced residents of Northern Israel. More than 35,000 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza since the Israeli operation began, including more than 7,800 children and 4,900 women, with another 10,000 people missing and presumed dead under the rubble of destroyed buildings. There are allegations that Israel has committed war crimes and genocide during the invasion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaza Strip evacuations</span> State-ordered displacement

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Gaza City</span> Ongoing military engagement in Gaza City

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On 3 November 2023, amid the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip and siege of Gaza City, an Israeli airstrike hit an ambulance convoy departing from al-Shifa Hospital carrying critically injured patients. The strike killed 15 people and wounded at least 60. The Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS), which was part of the convoy, said that all 15 people killed were civilians. The airstrike also caused damage to the hospital itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaza humanitarian crisis (2023–present)</span>

The Gaza Strip is experiencing a humanitarian crisis as a result of the Israel–Hamas war. The crisis includes both an impending famine and a healthcare collapse. At the start of the war, Israel tightened its blockade on the Gaza Strip, which has resulted in significant shortages of fuel, food, medication, water, and essential medical supplies. This siege resulted in a 90% drop in electricity availability, impacting hospital power supplies, sewage plants, and shutting down the desalination plants that provide drinking water. Doctors warned of disease outbreaks spreading due to overcrowded hospitals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Shifa Hospital siege</span> 2023–2024 attack on and siege of a hospital in Gaza

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Attacks on health facilities during the Israel–Hamas war</span>

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Al-Shifa Hospital is a government-run hospital in Gaza City, Palestine; most of the staff are employees of the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank. During the Israel–Hamas war, Israel and the United States stated that several complexes existed under Al-Shifa Hospital, which was being used by Hamas as its "main operations base," a claim that Hamas and hospital administrators denied. Following Israel's release of video evidence of Hamas tunnels under the hospital on 22 November, multiple news agencies concluded that the evidence did not demonstrate the use by Hamas of a command center. Amnesty International said on 23 November 2023 that "Amnesty International has so far not seen any credible evidence to support Israel’s claim that al-Shifa is housing a military command centre" and that "the Israeli military has so far failed to provide credible evidence" for the allegation. Izzat al-Risheq, a Hamas official, denied that the group used the hospital as a shield for its underground military structures, saying there was no truth to the claims. A later report in February 2024 by the New York Times, confirmed the earlier reports but also cited classified Israeli intelligence material suggesting that Hamas did use the hospital as cover.


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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the Gaza Strip healthcare collapse</span>

During the Israel–Hamas war, the healthcare system of Gaza was destroyed by Israeli attacks on hospitals and health facilities, killing of healthcare workers, and blockade of medical supplies from entering Gaza. The resulting collapse of the healthcare system was part of a broader humanitarian crisis in the Gaza Strip caused by the war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Effect of the Israel–Hamas war on children in the Gaza Strip</span>

As a result of the Israel–Hamas war, children have been disproportionately impacted in the Gaza Strip, where 40% of the population is 14 or under. In November 2023, UNICEF reported that more than 700,000 children in Gaza were displaced. A dire humanitarian crisis, with reports of children suffering from a serious epidemic of gastroenteritis due to the lack of clean water, led to concerns amongst health officials and aid organizations. Speaking to reporters early in the conflict, UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres warned that "Gaza is becoming a graveyard for children. Hundreds of girls and boys are reportedly being killed or injured every day." As of August 2024, at least 115 newborns had been reported killed since October 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of North Gaza</span> 2024 engagement in the Gaza Strip

The siege of North Gaza is an ongoing engagement of the Israel–Hamas war in the North Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip, between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian forces. It began on 5 October 2024 when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) reinvaded Jabalia and its refugee camp for the first time in months since earlier fighting.

References

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  32. ↑
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  45. 1 2 3 "'5,000 Lives in One Shell' - Israeli Strike Destroyed IVF Embryos in Gaza's Largest Fertility Clinic". Haaretz . 18 April 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  46. ↑ "Gaza's IVF embryos destroyed by Israeli strike". The Sydney Morning Herald . 18 April 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  47. 1 2 Salem, Saleh; Creidi, Imad; Mills, Andrew. "Gaza's IVF embryos destroyed by Israeli strike". Reuters . Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  48. ↑ "Gaza's IVF embryos destroyed: 5,000 lives likely lost in Israeli strike on clinic". www.telegraphindia.com. 18 April 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  49. 1 2 "'5,000 Lives in One Shell' - Israeli Strike Destroyed IVF Embryos in Gaza's Largest Fertility Clinic". Haaretz . 18 April 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024. Ghalayini said a single Israeli shell struck the corner of the center, blowing up the ground floor embryology lab. He does not know if the attack specifically targeted the lab or not.
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