2024 Ghanaian general election

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2024 Ghanaian general election
Flag of Ghana.svg
←  2020 7 December 20242028 →
Presidential election
Turnout63.97%
  John Dramani Mahama 2014 (cropped).jpg Mahamudu Bawumia.jpg
Nominee John Mahama Mahamudu Bawumia
Party NDC NPP
Running mate Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang Matthew Opoku Prempeh
Popular vote6,591,7904,877,611
Percentage56.42%41.75%
2024 Ghanaian presidential election results by region.svg
Results by region
President before election

Nana Akufo-Addo
NPP

Elected President

John Mahama
NDC

Parliamentary election
All 276 seats in the Parliament of Ghana
138 seats needed for a majority
PartyLeaderSeats+/–
NDC John Mahama 183+46
NPP Mahamudu Bawumia 88−49
Independents –4+3
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Speaker before
Alban Bagbin
NDC

General elections were held in Ghana on 7 December 2024 [1] [2] to elect the president and all 276 members of Parliament. [3] [4] The incumbent President Nana Akufo-Addo, having completed his constitutional term limits, was ineligible for re-election.

Contents

The National Democratic Congress (NDC) candidate, former President John Mahama, won a majority of votes, enough to win without a runoff. The ruling New Patriotic Party (NPP) candidate Mahamudu Bawumia conceded [5] defeat the morning after election night. [6] [7] Mahama's running-mate Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang became the first woman to be elected as vice president of Ghana. [8]

In the parliamentary elections, the NDC won a landslide victory, winning 183 out of 276 seats, while the NPP secured 88 seats, with independent candidates also winning four seats. Ablekuma North constituency is yet to be declared by the electoral commission. [9]

Electoral system

The President of Ghana is elected using the two-round system while members of Parliament are elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. Both are elected to four-year terms. [10] [11]

Eligible voters must be Ghanaian citizens at least 18 years old, except for those declared insane who are disenfranchised. Parliamentary candidates must be Ghanaian citizens who are at least 21 years old and either residents of a constituency or have lived there for at least five of the ten years prior to the election. [12]

Primary elections

New Patriotic Party

The ruling New Patriotic Party opened its nomination period on 26 May 2023, and closed nominations on 24 June 2023. Candidates were selected at the National Congress held on 4 November 2023. [13] More than five candidates filed to run in the primaries when the party called for a Special Congress on 26 August. Incumbent President Akufo-Addo admonished that members of his cabinet who sought to run for president should step down from their posts to focus on their campaigns, prompting a number of resignations. [14] [15]

Presidential candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

Results

To reduce the number of candidates, the NPP held a Special Super Delegates Congress on 26 August 2023, which would select the top five candidates who would then go on to contest in the final primaries in November. Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia placed first, with 68% of the votes. To the surprise of many observers, "maverick" MP Kennedy Agyapong, running a campaign largely critical of the Akufo-Addo administration, placed second, edging out NPP veteran Alan John Kyeremanten, who first ran for President in 2008. Owusu Afriyie Akoto placed fourth, while Francis Addai-Nimoh and Boakye Agyarko tied for fifth place, necessitating a run-off, which Addai-Nimoh won, rounding out the five final candidates for the primaries. [20] However, Kyeremanten announced that he would withdraw from the primaries (later leaving the NPP entirely and launching his own third-party campaign), leaving four candidates. [21]

CandidateVotes%
Mahamudu Bawumia 62968.37
Kennedy Agyapong 13214.35
Alan Kyeremanten 9510.33
Owusu Afriyie Akoto 363.91
Francis Addai-Nimoh 90.98
Boakye Agyarko 90.98
Kwabena Agyapong 60.65
Kwadwo Poku 40.43
Kofi Konadu Apraku 00.00
Total920100.00
2023 New Patriotic Party Special Super Delegates Congress.svg
2023 Ghana New Patriotic Party presidential primary.svg

The NPP held its primaries on 4 November 2023. Bawumia again won by a wide margin, confirming him as the NPP's nominee for the 2024 elections, although Kennedy Agyapong's performance was also impressive as he secured a stronger second-place finish compared to his showing at the Super Delegates' Congress. [22]

CandidateVotes%
Mahamudu Bawumia 118,21061.43
Kennedy Agyapong 71,99137.41
Owusu Afriyie Akoto 1,4590.76
Francis Addai-Nimoh 7810.41
Total192,441100.00

Parliamentary candidates

National Democratic Congress

The opposition National Democratic Congress opened its nomination period on 22 February 2023 and closed nominations on 22 March 2023. Candidates were required to pay a GH₵500,000 filing fee and a GH₵30,000 nomination fee, women and persons living with disabilities were eligible for a 50% discount. The NDC selected its candidate on 13 May 2023. [23]

Presidential candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

Results

The NDC primary was held on 13 May 2023. Kobeah dropped out on 29 March and Duffuor dropped out the day before the election, claiming irregularities in the organization of the polls, leaving two candidates. [25] [26] Former President Mahama won nomination in an overwhelming landslide, winning nearly 99% of the vote, setting the stage for the fourth consecutive election in which he would be the NDC's flag-bearer. [27] Bonsu called Mahama to concede and offer his support. [28]

CandidateVotes%
John Mahama 297,60398.94
Kojo Bonsu 3,1811.06
Total300,784100.00

In June 2024, the NDC accused the electoral commission of colluding with the ruling NPP to rig the elections via an illegal voter transfer scheme, which the NDC claimed was orchestrated by Yohane Amarh Ashitey, the NPP Parliamentary Candidate and the Tema Metropolitan Chief Executive. [29]

Parliamentary candidates

Other parties

Movement For Change

On 25 September 2023, Alan John Kyeremanten formed the Movement For Change party to aspire for the 2024 Ghanaian general election as an independent presidential candidate for the presidential race after resigning from New Patriotic Party (NPP). Therefore he will be a presidential candidate for the 2024 Ghanaian general election. [30] [31]

The New Force

On 7 January 2024, real estate developer Nana Kwame Bediako announced that he would run as the candidate for the New Force movement. This followed weeks of speculation during which the New Force teased its fielding of a "masked" candidate, who was widely expected to be Cheddar. The announcement, which was due to take place at Black Star Square, was postponed after the presidential administration pulled the permit for the rally, citing "an unforeseen state event". [32] [33]

Ghana Freedom Party

Akua Donkor's Ghana Freedom Party, having been disqualified in the 2012 Ghanaian general election and 2016 Ghanaian general election and contesting in the 2020 Ghanaian general election submitted their form on 12 September to officially contest in the 2024 election. However, on 28 September, it was announced that the party's founder and flag bearer had passed on, [34] [35] leaving a controversial void as to the way forward with the Electoral Commission of Ghana halting ballot printing. [36] [37]

On 4 November, the party's leadership announced the nomination of Kwabena Agyeman Appiah Kubi popularly known as Roman Fada as its new presidential candidate. [38] [39] The party will not contest in the election due to the disqualification of Philip Appiah Kubi who was nominated as replacement for Akua Donkor after her demise. [40] [41] [42]

Opinion polls

Polling firmFieldwork DateMahamaBawumiaKyerematenLordBediakoOthersMargin of errorSample sizeLead
Economist Intelligence Unit [43] 15 May 2023Win
Office of the President [44] 17 September 202446.3%46.3%±1.55%25,000
Global InfoAnalytics [45] 20 - 28 September 202451.1%30.8%4.1%6.5%6.2%1.3%±2.49%8,20613.8%
SBM Intelligence [46] September 202411 regions5 regions±2.45%1,700
Afroopinion [47] September - November 202448.5%39.4%12.108%500
Fitch Solutions [48] 18 November 2024Win
Smart Sarpong [49] 21 November 202445.8%49.1%

Filing of nomination papers

Thirty-nine candidates from 12 political parties and 27 independent candidates indicated their intention to contest the 2024 presidential election. They collected nomination forms from the Electoral Commission. [50] [51] The filing of nomination papers started on 9 September 2024. [52] At the close of nominations on 13 September 2024, 24 of the candidates had successfully filed their nomination papers with the Commission. [53] Twelve candidates submitted forms as representatives of political parties and the other 12 were independent candidates. Two candidates submitted their forms after the 13 September deadline. The Electoral Commission received the forms but is yet to announce the fate of the two candidates. [54] [55]

PartyPresidential candidateDate / Form submittedNotes
All People's Congress Hassan Ayariga 9 September 2024 [56] Contested 2020 election [57]
Convention People's Party Nana Frimpomaa Sarpong Kumankumah12 September 2024 [58]
Great Consolidated Popular Party Daniel Augustus LarteySubmitted [53]
Ghana Freedom Party Akua Donkor 12 September 2024 [58] Contested 2020 election [57]
Ghana Union Movement Christian Kwabena Andrews 9 September 2024 [56] Contested 2020 election [57]
Liberal Party of Ghana Percival Kofi Akpaloo 9 September 2024 [59] [56] Contested 2020 election [57]
National Democratic Congress John Mahama 9 September 2024 [56] President of Ghana (2012 - 2016)

Contested 2020 election [57]

National Democratic Party Mohammed FrimpongSubmitted [53]
New Patriotic Party Mahamudu Bawumia 9 September 2024 [56] Vice President of Ghana (2016 - 2024)

Vice Presidential candidate in 2020 [57]

People's National Convention a Bernard Mornah Submitted [53]
Progressive Alliance for Ghana a John Enyonam Kwakwu KpikpiSubmitted [53]
Progressive People's Party a Kofi Asamoah Siaw [53] Forms were submitted late [60]

Vice Presidential candidate in 2020 [61]

IndependentMuhammad AbdullahNot submitted
a Desmond AbrefaSubmitted [53]
a Nana Stephens AdjepongSubmitted [53]
Seth Ntim AgyarkoNot submitted
T. K. AmenyaNot submitted
Wilberforce AndrewsNot submitted
a Sam Sampong AnkrahSubmitted [53]
a Samuel Apea-Danquah9 September 2024 [56]
Kenneth Kwame AsamoahNot submitted
Tom AsisehNot submitted
Stephen AtubigaNot submitted
Agnes AyishaForgot to fill forms [62]
Nana Kwame Bediako 9 September 2024 [63] [56]
a Nii Amu DarkoSubmitted [53]
Nana Ohene Aggrey Bentsil DjanNot submitted
Tawiah N. HemansNot submitted
Kofi Koranteng Submitted [53]
Alan John Kyerematen 11 September 2024 [64]
a Janet Asana Nabla 12 September 2024 [58]
Isaac Wiafe OforiNot submitted
a James Kwasi OppongSubmitted [53]
a Paul PerkohSubmitted [53]
Robert Roy ReindorfNot submitted
Richard SumahNot submitted
George Twum-Barima-Adu9 September 2024 [56]
Samuel WorlanyoNot submitted
Jacob Osei Yeboah Not submitted

^a – Disqualified by the Electoral Commission of Ghana

Final list of presidential candidates

On 20 September 2024, the Electoral Commission released the final list of candidates who would be on the ballot for the presidential election. Thirteen of the 24 applicants made the final list while 11 were disqualified. [65] The disqualifications were based on the candidates not having fulfilled all the requirements or discrepancies noticed on their forms. [66] Nine of the 12 candidates of political parties and four of the 12 independent candidates made the final list. Candidates of the People's National Convention (PNC), Progressive Alliance for Ghana (PAG) and the Progressive People's Party (PPP) were not listed. [67] The order of candidates on the ballot paper was determined by a ballot conducted by the Electoral Commission on 20 September 2024. [68] [69]

On 28 October 2024, Akua Donkor, the presidential candidate for the Ghana Freedom Party, died after a sudden illness. [70] [71] The GFP was given ten days to nominate a replacement for Akua Donkor. They submitted forms for Philip Appiah-Kubi who was her running mate. The Electoral Commission found that the forms submitted had irregularities and as the GFP could not correct them promptly, they were disqualified from presenting a candidate for the Presidential election. The Commission however went ahead with printing the ballot papers citing inadequate time and to reduce costs if they had to start all over again. [72] [73]

NumberPartyAbbreviationPresidential CandidateRunning Mate
1 New Patriotic Party NPP Mahamudu Bawumia Matthew Opoku Prempeh
2 Great Consolidated Popular Party GCPPDaniel Augustus Lartey
3 Ghana Freedom Party GFP Akua Donkor (died on October 28th)Kwabena Agyeman Appiah Kubi [74]
4 Ghana Union Movement GUM Christian Kwabena Andrews Evelyn Serwaa Bonsu [75]
5 Liberal Party of Ghana LPG Kofi Akpaloo Elizabeth Sam [76]
6 National Democratic Party NDPMohammed FrimpongChristiana Collingwood Williams [77]
7 Convention People's Party CPP Nana Akosua Frimpomaa Kumankuma Wayoe Ghanamannti
8 National Democratic Congress NDC John Dramani Mahama Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang
9 All People's Congress APC Hassan Abdulai Ayariga Samuel Mensah [78]
10 Independent Kofi Koranteng Emmanuel Semordzi [79]
11 Independent George Twum-Barima-AduNyaaba-Aweeba Azongo [80] [81]
12 Independent Nana Kwame Bediako Maryam Esaka Kriesie [82]
13 Independent Alan John Kwadwo Kyerematen Kwame Owusu Danso [83]
Source:Graphic Online

Election observers

Results

Turnout was relatively low at 60.9% (approximately 18.8 million votes), [88] a sharp drop from the 79% turnout in the 2020 election. [89] The National Democratic Congress saw a significant victory, winning both the office of President and a majority of parliamentary seats, [90] ending eight years of power for the NPP. [91]

In nine constituencies, political party supporters showed up en masse to collation centers and caused damage to election materials, delaying presidential and parliamentary results from those locations. Margins in the presidential race were large enough for an official winner to be declared prior to reporting from these constituencies. [88]

President

Former president John Mahama (NDC) won with 56.42% of the vote. Mahamudu Bawumia conceded defeat on December 8, congratulating Mahama on his victory. [7] The results were officially certified on 9 December. [92]

Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang, became the nation's first female vice president when she was sworn in with Mahama on 7 January 2025. [8]

99.64% reporting
CandidateRunning matePartyVotes%
John Mahama Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang National Democratic Congress 6,591,79056.42
Mahamudu Bawumia Matthew Opoku Prempeh New Patriotic Party 4,877,61141.75
Nana Kwame Bediako Maryam Esaka KriesieIndependent (The New Force)88,9440.76
Alan John Kyerematen Kwame Owusu DansoIndependent (Movement for Change)32,4570.28
Nana Akosua Frimpomaa Wayoe Ghanamannti Convention People's Party 23,9910.21
Hassan Ayariga Evelyn Serwaa Bonsu Ghana Union Movement 17,0300.15
Dan Lartey Jr. [ clarification needed ] Great Consolidated Popular Party 17,2990.15
Christian Kwabena Andrews Samuel Mensah All People's Congress 17,9380.15
Kofi Akpaloo Elizabeth Sam Liberal Party of Ghana 5,3270.05
Mohammed Frimpong [ clarification needed ] National Democratic Party 4,4990.04
Kofi Koranteng Nyaaba-Aweeba AzongoIndependent3,1820.03
George Twum-Barima-Adu [ clarification needed ]Independent3,4150.03
Akua Donkor (deceased)Kwabena Agyeman Appiah Kubi Ghana Freedom Party 00.00
Total11,683,483100.00
Valid votes11,683,48397.92
Invalid/blank votes247,9372.08
Total votes11,931,420100.00
Registered voters/turnout18,774,19563.55
Source: Electoral Commission of Ghana, [93] 3 News [88] [94]

By region

Region Mahama
NDC		 Bawumia
NPP		 Bediako
IND		 Kyerematen
IND		 Frimpomaa
CPP		 Andrews
GUM		 Lartey
GCPP		 Ayariga
APC		 Akpaloo
LPG		 Frimpong
NDP		 Twum-Barima-Adu
IND		 Koranteng
IND
VotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotesVotes
Ahafo 130,106113,8511,73144134922135736770562739
Ashanti 697,0761,366,80023,4328,7632,6512,3171,6082,077524278330252
Bono 235,681192,7735,5498328807196367761742719996
Bono East 216,691124,8111,374665889614730708179131110138
Central 562,620382,7499,0902,4172,1182,3051,4571,318489286335367
Eastern
Greater Accra 1,260,823681,53519,6306,2892,9751,7737582,102401223271290
Northern 529,456370,2981,3052,6242,1549912,8252,125719444547604
North East 111,051134,8002035693962451,026354266155154132
Oti 182,47086,4894556209703805324992821117587
Savannah 134,56356,774256882621341569511163219105105
Upper East 361,597106,7007431,1101,4365471,8562,202486387215247
Upper West 242,85289,9066139191,6055561,251801293239219294
Volta 584,23456,6991,5421,1361,5863723669293709299893
Western 423,245275,2319,9221,6432,2812,946912995324199201168
Western North 202,689124,0241,7234419426275465791351209293
Total
Source:Electoral Commission of Ghana [95]

Parliament

Preliminary results show that the National Democratic Congress won a two-thirds majority of the nation's 276 parliamentary seats. [96] Parliamentary control before the election was with the New Patriotic Party, with 137 seats held by each of the two largest parties and one independent caucusing with the NPP. [97] On 13 December, the Deputy Chairperson of the Electoral Commission announced that the results of 12 constituencies needed re-collation but only three had been completed and these were results for Suhum, Akwatia and Fanteakwa North. The results for Ablekuma North, Dome-Kwabenya, Okaikwei Central, Tema Central, all in the Greater Accra region were yet to be collated. In the Ashanti Region, results were still pending for Ahafo Ano North, Ahafo Ano South West, Obuasi East. In the Bono East Region results were still pending for Techiman South. Nsawam-Adoagyiri, a ninth constituency in the Eastern Region is also pending. [98]

2024 Ghanaian general election result.svg
99.64% reporting
PartyVotes%Seats
National Democratic Congress 183
New Patriotic Party 88
Independents4
To be declared1
Total276
Valid votes10,212,63699.39
Invalid/blank votes62,9010.61
Total votes10,275,537100.00
Registered voters/turnout18,618,68455.19
Source: 3 News

Seats won by region

The result for Ablekuma North in the Greater Accra Region is still pending as the collation of the results could not be completed before the inauguration of the 9th Parliament. Thus there are 33 result available at present, not 34. [99]

S/NRegionNDCNPPINDTotal
1 Ahafo 51–6
2 Ashanti 739147
3 Bono 111–12
4 Bono East 101–11
5 Central 184123
6 Eastern 824133
7 Greater Accra 285–34*
8 Northern 116118
9 North East 33–6
10 Oti 90–9
11 Savannah 61–7
12 Upper East 150–15
13 Upper West 110–11
14 Volta 180–18
15 Western 152–17
16 Western North 81–9
Total183884276
Source: Modern Ghana [100] [99]

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Politics of Ghana takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president of Ghana is both head of state and head of government, and of a two party system. The seat of government is at Golden Jubilee House. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and Parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Democratic Congress (Ghana)</span> Political party in Ghana

The National Democratic Congress (NDC) is a social democratic political party in Ghana, founded by Jerry Rawlings, who was Head of State in Ghana from 1981 to 1993. He became the President of Ghana from 1993 to 2001. Following the formation of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC), which ruled Ghana following the military coup d'état on 31 December 1981, there was pressure from the international community to restore democracy. The NDC was formed as the ruling party ahead of elections in 1992, in which Rawlings was elected president, and in 1996 Rawlings was re-elected as the NDC candidate. Rawlings' second term ended in 2001.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Ghanaian general election</span>

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David Asibi Ayindenaba Apasera is a Ghanaian politician. He was the presidential candidate for the People's National Convention (PNC) in the 2020 Ghanaian general election. He was member of parliament for Bolgatanga in the Upper East Region of Ghana between 2001 and 2009.

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