Millennium: | 1st millennium |
---|---|
Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
638 by topic |
---|
Leaders |
Categories |
Gregorian calendar | 638 DCXXXVIII |
Ab urbe condita | 1391 |
Armenian calendar | 87 ԹՎ ՁԷ |
Assyrian calendar | 5388 |
Balinese saka calendar | 559–560 |
Bengali calendar | 45 |
Berber calendar | 1588 |
Buddhist calendar | 1182 |
Burmese calendar | 0 |
Byzantine calendar | 6146–6147 |
Chinese calendar | 丁酉年 (Fire Rooster) 3334 or 3274 — to — 戊戌年 (Earth Dog) 3335 or 3275 |
Coptic calendar | 354–355 |
Discordian calendar | 1804 |
Ethiopian calendar | 630–631 |
Hebrew calendar | 4398–4399 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 694–695 |
- Shaka Samvat | 559–560 |
- Kali Yuga | 3738–3739 |
Holocene calendar | 10638 |
Iranian calendar | 16–17 |
Islamic calendar | 16–17 |
Japanese calendar | N/A |
Javanese calendar | 528–529 |
Julian calendar | 638 DCXXXVIII |
Korean calendar | 2971 |
Minguo calendar | 1274 before ROC 民前1274年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −830 |
Seleucid era | 949/950 AG |
Thai solar calendar | 1180–1181 |
Tibetan calendar | 阴火鸡年 (female Fire-Rooster) 764 or 383 or −389 — to — 阳土狗年 (male Earth-Dog) 765 or 384 or −388 |
Year 638 ( DCXXXVIII ) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 638 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year 622 (DCXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 622nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 622nd year of the 1st millennium, the 22nd year of the 7th century, and the 3rd year of the 620s decade. The denomination 622 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
The 620s decade ran from January 1, 620, to December 31, 629.
The 720s decade ran from January 1, 720, to December 31, 729.
The 710s decade ran from January 1, 710, to December 31, 719.
The 630s decade ran from January 1, 630, to December 31, 639.
The 640s decade ran from January 1, 640, to December 31, 649.
The 650s decade ran from January 1, 650, to December 31, 659.
Year 634 (DCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 634 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year 636 (DCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 636 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year 637 (DCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 637 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year 639 (DCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 639 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Year 619 (DCXIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 619 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
The Battle of the Yarmuk was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate. The battle consisted of a series of engagements that lasted for six days in August 636, near the Yarmouk River, along what are now the borders of Syria–Jordan and Syria–I Palestine, southeast of the Sea of Galilee. The result of the battle was a complete Muslim victory that ended Byzantine rule in Syria. The Battle of the Yarmuk is regarded as one of the most decisive battles in military history, and it marked the first great wave of early Muslim conquests after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, heralding the rapid advance of Islam into the then-Christian Levant.
Amir ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Jarrah, better known as Abu Ubayda was a Muslim commander and one of the prominent companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is mostly known for being one of the ten to whom Paradise was promised. He remained commander of a large section of the Rashidun Army during the time of the Rashid Caliph Umar and was on the list of Umar's appointed successors to the Rashidun Caliphate.
The Muslim conquest of the Levant, also known as the Arab conquest of the Levant, occurred in the first half of the 7th century. This was the conquest of the region known as the Levant or Shaam, later to become the Islamic Province of Bilad al-Sham, as part of the Islamic conquests. Arab Muslim forces had appeared on the southern borders even before the death of Muhammad in 632, resulting in the Battle of Mu'tah in 629, but the real conquest began in 634 under his successors, the Rashidun Caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar ibn Khattab, with Khalid ibn al-Walid as their most important military leader.
The siege of Damascus (634) lasted from 21 August to 19 September 634 before the city fell to the Rashidun Caliphate. Damascus was the first major city of the Eastern Roman Empire to fall in the Muslim conquest of Syria.
The siege of Jerusalem (636–637) was part of the Muslim conquest of the Levant and the result of the military efforts of the Rashidun Caliphate against the Byzantine Empire in the year 636–637/38. It began when the Rashidun army, under the command of Abu Ubaidah, besieged Jerusalem beginning in November 636. After six months, the Patriarch Sophronius agreed to surrender, on condition that he submit only to the Caliph. According to tradition, in 637 or 638, Caliph Umar traveled to Jerusalem in person to receive the submission of the city. The Patriarch thus surrendered to him.
The siege of Emesa was laid by the forces of Rashidun Caliphate from December 635 up until March 636. This led to the Islamic conquest of Emesa, which was a major trading city of the Byzantine Empire in the Levant.
The siege of Germanicia or Marash was led by Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate during their campaigns in Anatolia in 638. The city surrendered without much bloodshed. This expedition is important because it marks the end of the military career of the legendary Arab Muslim general Khalid ibn Walid, who was dismissed from the army a few months after his return from the expedition.
The Battle of Marj ar-Rum(Meadow of Rome), or also known as Battle of Marj Dimashq(Meadow of Damascus) was a conflict between Rashidun caliphate against Byzantine Empire occurred shortly after the Battle of Fahl in Byzantine attempt to recapture Damascus. Heraclius sent two separate forces which led by Theodore the Patricius and Shannash al-Rome respectively. The Rashidun army was led by Abu Ubaydah ibn al Jarrah and Khalid ibn al-Walid in order to assist Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan who act as garrison commander of Damascus.