660

660 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	660 DCLX
Ab urbe condita	1413
Armenian calendar	109 ԹՎ ՃԹ
Assyrian calendar	5410
Balinese saka calendar	581–582
Bengali calendar	66–67
Berber calendar	1610
Buddhist calendar	1204
Burmese calendar	22
Byzantine calendar	6168–6169
Chinese calendar	己未年 (Earth  Goat) 3357 or 3150     — to — 庚申年 (Metal  Monkey) 3358 or 3151
Coptic calendar	376–377
Discordian calendar	1826
Ethiopian calendar	652–653
Hebrew calendar	4420–4421
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	716–717
- Shaka Samvat	581–582
- Kali Yuga	3760–3761
Holocene calendar	10660
Iranian calendar	38–39
Islamic calendar	39–40
Japanese calendar	Hakuchi 11 (白雉１１年)
Javanese calendar	551–552
Julian calendar	660 DCLX
Korean calendar	2993
Minguo calendar	1252 before ROC 民前1252年
Nanakshahi calendar	−808
Seleucid era	971/972 AG
Thai solar calendar	1202–1203
Tibetan calendar	ས་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་ (female Earth-Sheep) 786 or 405 or −367     — to — ལྕགས་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Iron-Monkey) 787 or 406 or −366

Eligius, bishop and confessor (c. 588–660)

Year 660 ( DCLX ) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 660 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Emperor Constans II is paranoid about the ambitions of his younger brother, Theodosius, and has him murdered. Having attracted the hatred of the citizens of Constantinople, Constans decides to leave the Byzantine capital and moves to Syracuse (Sicily).

Europe

• The March of the Slavs, centred north of modern Klagenfurt, preserves independence and is first mentioned in historical sources, known as Carantania (Austria).
• Felix, patrician ^[1] of Toulouse, assumes the titles of Duke of Vasconia and Aquitaine. He is formally a vassal of the Franks, but rules "de facto" independently. ^{[2] [3]}

Britain

• King Cenwalh of Wessex becomes dissatisfied with his local bishop, Agilbert of Dorchester, as he does not speak West-Saxon. Cenwalh splits the episcopal see of Wessex in two. Wine becomes the first bishop of Winchester, by the Saxons called Wintancestir. ^[4] Agilbert resigns in protest and travels north to Northumbria.
• King Sigeberht II of Essex is murdered by his brothers, Swithelm and Swithfrith, and other kinsmen for being "too ready to pardon his enemies"; that is to say, the Christians. Swithelm becomes king of Essex, with Swithfrith as joint-monarch for a period (approximate date).
• King Conall Crandomna of Dál Riata (modern Scotland) dies, and is succeeded by his nephew Domangart mac Domnaill.

Korea

• July 9 – Battle of Hwangsanbeol: Sillan forces (50,000 men) led by general Kim Yu-shin defeat the army of Baekje at Nonsan. During the fighting general Gyebaek dies at the hand of the Sillan invaders.
• Baekje in southwestern Korea is conquered by an alliance of the Tang dynasty and Silla, led by general Su Dingfang and King Munmu of Silla. The Japanese envoys detained in Chang'an are paroled.
• Emperor Gao Zong suffers from an illness (possibly slow-poisoning). His wife Wu Zetian starts to rule the Chinese Empire.

Japan

• Prince Naka no Ōe no Ōji of Japan makes a Japanese clock for the first time at Asuka, by which he causes the people to know the hours.
• After the fall of Sabi to the forces of Silla, the Yamato government sends envoys directly to the Chinese court for the first time
• The Baekje–Tang War begins, involving Yamato forces in support of the kingdoms of Baekje and Goguryeo
• Japanese forces, under command of Abe no Hirafu, massacre the Mishihase people in Hokkaido
• The capital of Japan moves from Asuka, Yamato (Okamoto Palace or Nochi no Asuka-Okamoto-no-miya) to Asakura, Fukuoka ^{[5] [6]}

Births

• Acca, bishop of Hexham (approximate date)
• Genmei, empress of Japan (d. 721)
• John of Dailam, Syrian monk (d. 738)
• Leudwinus, Frankish bishop (approximate date)
• Mildthryth, Anglo-Saxon abbess (approximate date; died after 732)
• Rupert, bishop of Salzburg (approximate date)
• Yamanoue no Okura, Japanese poet (d. 733)

Deaths

Saint Eligius

• December 1 – Eligius, bishop and saint
• Boggis, Duke of Aquitaine (approximate date)
• Conall Crandomna, king of Dál Riata (Scotland)
• Gyebaek, general of Baekje (Korea)
• Magnus, bishop and governor of Avignon
• Sigebert III, king of Austrasia (or 656)
• Sigeberht II, king of Essex (approximate date)
• Xin Maojiang, chancellor of the Tang dynasty

References

1. Lewis 1976, p. 388 n. 31.
2. Nicolle 2008, p. 16.
3. James 1977, p. 14.
4. Bede Book III, Chapter VII.
5. Asuka Historical Museum, Palaces of the Asuka Period," 1995; retrieved 2011-11-25.
6. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1915). The Imperial Family of Japan, p. 24.

Sources

• Bede. "Book III". Ecclesiastical History of the English People . Internet History Sourcebooks Project.
• James, Edward (1977). The Merovingian Archaeology of South-West Gaul, Volume 1. BAR Supplementary Series. Vol. 25. British Archaeological Reports.
• Lewis, Archibald R. (1976). "The Dukes in the Regnum Francorum, A.D. 550–751". Speculum. 51 (3): 381–410. doi:10.2307/2851704. JSTOR   2851704. S2CID   162248053.
• Nicolle, David (2008). Poitiers AD 732: Charles Martel Turns the Islamic Tide. Campaign Series. Vol. 190. Osprey Publishing.