680

For highways, see List of highways numbered 680.

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century 7th century 8th century
Decades:	660s 670s 680s 690s 700s
Years:	677 678 679 680 681 682 683
	v t e

680 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	680 DCLXXX
Ab urbe condita	1433
Armenian calendar	129 ԹՎ ՃԻԹ
Assyrian calendar	5430
Balinese saka calendar	601–602
Bengali calendar	86–87
Berber calendar	1630
Buddhist calendar	1224
Burmese calendar	42
Byzantine calendar	6188–6189
Chinese calendar	己卯年 (Earth  Rabbit) 3377 or 3170     — to — 庚辰年 (Metal  Dragon) 3378 or 3171
Coptic calendar	396–397
Discordian calendar	1846
Ethiopian calendar	672–673
Hebrew calendar	4440–4441
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	736–737
- Shaka Samvat	601–602
- Kali Yuga	3780–3781
Holocene calendar	10680
Iranian calendar	58–59
Islamic calendar	60–61
Japanese calendar	Hakuchi 31 (白雉３１年)
Javanese calendar	572–573
Julian calendar	680 DCLXXX
Korean calendar	3013
Minguo calendar	1232 before ROC 民前1232年
Nanakshahi calendar	−788
Seleucid era	991/992 AG
Thai solar calendar	1222–1223
Tibetan calendar	阴土兔年 (female Earth-Rabbit) 806 or 425 or −347     — to — 阳金龙年 (male Iron-Dragon) 807 or 426 or −346

Year 680 ( DCLXXX ) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 680 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Byzantine–Bulgarian War: The Bulgars under Asparukh subjugate the country of current-day Bulgaria, north of the Balkan Mountains. Emperor Constantine IV leads a combined land and sea operation against the invaders and besieges their fortified camp in Dobruja. ^[1]
• Battle of Ongal: The Byzantine army (25,000 men) under Constantine IV is defeated by the Bulgars and their Slavic allies in the Danube Delta. Bulgar cavalry force the Byzantines into a rout, while Constantine (suffering from leg pain) travels to Nesebar to seek treatment.

Europe

• King Wamba is deposed after an 8-year reign, and forced to retire to a monastery. He is succeeded by Erwig who becomes ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
• King Perctarit makes his son Cunipert co-ruler of the Lombard Kingdom. He signs a formal peace treaty with Constantine IV.
• Pippin of Herstal becomes Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia.
• The emporium (market town) of Dorestad is founded near the mouth of the Rhine, and soon becomes a major trading settlement in the North Sea region (approximate date). ^[2]

Britain

• King Cædwalla of Wessex becomes overly ambitious in a power-struggle with his rival, King Centwine, for Wessex overlordship. He is banished into the forests of Chiltern and Andred. ^[3]

Arabian Empire

• Yazid I, son of Muawiyah I, becomes the sixth caliph (second Umayyad caliph) but Kufans in Mesopotamia rebel and invite Hussein ibn Ali (grandson of Muhammad) to take the throne.
• October 10 – Battle of Karbala: Forces under Yazid I kill Hussein ibn Ali and his closest supporters. ^[4] This event leads to the civil war known as the Second Fitna.

Asia

• In Japan, Princess Uno Sarara is unwell, and Emperor Tenmu begins the erection of the Temple of Yakushi-ji (Nara Prefecture). He makes 100 people enter religion as priests, wishing her to recover her health.

By topic

Religion

• September 17 – Theodore of Tarsus, archbishop of Canterbury, convenes a synod at Hatfield that clears the English Church from any association with the heresy of monothelitism. ^[5]
• November 7 – The Third Council of Constantinople (Sixth Ecumenical Council) opens in Constantinople to settle the theological controversies of monoenergism and monothelitism, ending September 16, 681.
• Wilfrid returns to Northumbria, with papal support, but is imprisoned by King Ecgfrith, and again exiled. He travels to the Kingdom of Sussex and begins to evangelise the people.
• King Merewalh of Magonsæte founds the monastery of Wenlock Priory in Shropshire, England, appointing his daughter Milburga as Benedictine abbess.
• Approximate date
  • Boniface begins his education at an English Celtic Christian monastery, probably in Exeter near his birthplace and one of many monasteriola built by local landowners and churchmen. ^[6]
  • The Book of Durrow is created, probably in Northumbria or on the island of Iona in the Scottish Inner Hebrides.

Births

• Ali Asghar ibn Husayn, Son of 3rd shia Imam. Killed in Karbala (d. 680)
• Fujiwara no Muchimaro, Japanese politician (d. 737)
• Genshō, empress of Japan (d. 748)
• Oda of Scotland, Christian saint (approximate date)
• Wu Daozi, Chinese painter (d. 760)

Deaths

• January 1 – Javanshir, king of Caucasian Albania (b. 616)
• January 30 – Balthild, queen of the Franks
• October 9 – Ghislain, Frankish anchorite and saint
• October 10
  • Abbas ibn Ali, son of Imam Ali
  • Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn, son of Al-Husayn
  • Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn, son of Al-Husayn
  • Habib ibn Madhahir
  • Husayn ibn Ali, third Shia Imam and grandson of Muhammad (b. 626)K
• Agatho, pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church
• Bhāskara I, Indian mathematician (approximate date)
• Cædmon, Northumbrian poet
• Ebroin, Mayor of the Palace of Neustria (or 681)
• Hilda of Whitby, Northumbrian abbess and saint
• Muawiyah I, founder of the Umayyad Caliphate (b. 602)
• Umm Salama, wife of Muhammad
• Vikramaditya I, king of Chalukya (India)
• Wulfoald, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia

References

1. Bury 1889, pp. 333–334.
2. Hodges 1984.
3. Kirby 1992, p. 119.
4. Gordon 2005, pp. 144–146.
5. Collier & Barham 1840, p. 250.
6. Schieffer 1972, pp. 76–77, 103–105.

Sources

• Bury, John Bagnall (1889). A History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene. Vol. II. London: Macmillan.
• Collier, Jeremy; Barham, Francis Foster (1840). An Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain. Vol. 1. London: William Straker.
• Gordon, Matthew (2005). The Rise of Islam . Greenwood Press. ISBN   978-0-313-32522-9.
• Hodges, Richard (1984). "Frisians and Franks: Argonauts of the Dark Ages". Archaeology. 37 (1): 26–31. ISSN   0003-8113. JSTOR   41728801.
• Kirby, D. P. (1992). The Earliest English Kings. London: Routledge. ISBN   0-415-09086-5.
• Schieffer, Theodor (1972) [1954]. Winfrid-Bonifatius und die christliche Grundlegung Europas (in German). Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. ISBN   3-534-06065-2.