Achalinus

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Achalinus
Achalinus formosanus formosanus full body shot.jpg
Formosa odd-scaled snake, Achalinus f. formosanus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Xenodermidae
Genus: Achalinus
W. Peters, 1869 [1]

Achalinus (common name: odd-scaled snakes) [2] is a genus of harmless snakes in the family Xenodermidae. Species of the genus are found in China, Japan, Taiwan, and northern Vietnam. Ten species are recognized as being valid. [1] [3] Achalinus was previously placed in Colubridae (along with other xenodermids). [4] The nickname "odd-scaled" is due to the fact that their dorsal scales do not overlap one another as in most snakes, but instead are spread out and lie individually similar to pieces of a puzzle. Odd-scaled snakes are known to be burrowers that crawl below the fallen leaves of the forest.

Species

ImageSpecies [3] Taxon author [3] Subsp.* [3] Common name [3] Geographic range [1] [3]
A. ater Bourret, 19370Bourret's odd-scaled snakeNorthern Vietnam and China in Guizhou and Guangxi
A. dabieshanensis C. Zhang, Liu, R. Huang & B. Zhang, 20230Dabie Mountains odd-scaled snake China
A. damingensis Y. Xu, Yang, J. Wu, Gong, R. Huang & S. Huang, 20230China (Guangxi)
A. dehuaensis K. Li, Y. Wu, R. Xu, Zhu, Ren, Guo & Dong, 20210Dehua odd-scaled snake China
A. emilyae Ziegler, T.Q. Nguyen, C. Pham, T.Th. Nguyen, A. Pham, van Schingen, Th.Th. Nguyen & Le, 20190Emily's burrowing snake Vietnam
Achalinus formosanus formosanus full body shot.jpg A. formosanus Boulenger, 19081Formosa odd-scaled snake Taiwan and Japan in the southern Ryukyu Islands
A. hainanus C. Huang, 19750Hainan odd-scaled snakeChina on Hainan island
A. huangjietangi R. Huang, Peng & S. Huang, 20210Huang's odd-scaled snake Huangshan City, Anhui Province, China
A. hunanensis S. Ma, Shi, Xiang, Shu & J. Jiang, 2023Hunan odd-scaled snake Hunan Province, China
A. jinggangensis (Zong & J. Ma, 1983)0Zong's odd-scaled snakeChina in Jiangxi
A. juliani Ziegler, T.Q. Nguyen, C. Pham, T.Th. Nguyen, A. Pham, van Schingen, Th.Th. Nguyen & Le, 20190Julian's burrowing snake Vietnam
A. meiguensis Hu & Zhao, 19660Szechwan odd-scaled snakeChina in western Sichuan at elevations of 1200–1400 m
Achalinus niger.jpg A. niger Maki, 19310Black odd-scaled snakeTaiwan
A. ningshanensis Yang, R. Huang, K. Jiang, Burbrink & S. Huang, 20220Ningshan odd-scaled snakeChina
A. panzhihuaensis Hou, K. Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan & Che, 20210Panzhihua odd-scaled snakeChina
A. pingbianensis K. Li, Yu, Y. Wu, Liao, K. Tang, Liu & Guo, 20200Pingbian odd-scaled snakeChina
A. rufescens Boulenger, 18880Boulenger's odd-scaled snakeNorthern Vietnam and China in Hong Kong, Hainan and west to Guizhou, Shaanxi, Guangdong and Fujian
A. sheni S. Ma, Xu, Qi, Y. Wang, S. Tang, Huang & J. Jiang, 20230Shen's odd-scaled snakeHunan Province, China
Achalinus spilanus 01 juv dorsal.jpg A. spinalis W. Peters, 18690Peters' odd-scaled snakeNorthern Vietnam, Japan (Kyūshū, Honshū, the Ryukyu Islands, Koshiki, Tokuno-shima: Kametoku and Inokawa), and central China (east to Fujian, west to Yunnan and Sichuan, and north to Gansu and Shaanxi. Also in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Hubei) at an elevation of 1,230 m
A. timi Ziegler, T.Q. Nguyen, C. Pham, T.Th. Nguyen, A. Pham, van Schingen, Th.Th. Nguyen & Le, 20190Tim's burrowing snake Vietnam
A. tranganensis [5] Luu, Ziegler, Ha, Lo, Hoang, Ngo, Le, Tran & T.Q. Nguyen, 20200 Vietnam: Ninh Binh province
A. vanhoensis Ha, Ziegler, Sy, Le, T.Q. Nguyen & Luu, 20220Vietnam
A. werneri Van Denburgh, 19120Amami odd-scaled snake Japan in the central Ryukyu Islands
A. yangdatongi Hou, K. Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan & Che, 20210Yang's odd-scaled snakeChina
A. yunkaiensis J. Wang, Y. Li & Y. Wang, 20190Yunkai Mountain's odd-scaled snake, Yunkai Mountain's burrowing snakeChina
A. zugorum Miller, Davis, Luong, Do, C. Pham, Ziegler, Lee, de Queiroz, Reynolds & T.Q. Nguyen, 20200Zug's odd-scaled snake [6] Northern Vietnam

*) Not including the nominate subspecies.

Nota bene : A taxon author (binomial authority) in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Achalinus.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Wallach, Van; Williams, Kenneth L.; Boundy, Jeff (2014). Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 5–6. ISBN   978-1-4822-0848-1.
  2. ↑ Durso, Andrew (2016). "Dragonsnakes and Filesnakes Revisited". Life is Short, but Snakes are Long. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Achalinus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 27 February 2016.
  4. ↑ Durso, Andrew (2013). "Basics of Snake Taxonomy". Life is Short, but Snakes are Long. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  5. ↑ Luu, Vinh Quang; Ziegler, Thomas; Ha, Nghia Van; Lo, Oanh Van; Hoang, Tuoi Thi; Ngo, Hanh Thi; Le, Minh Duc; Tran, Dung Hoang; Nguyen, Truong Quang (2020). "A new species of Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Trang An Landscape Complex, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam". Zootaxa. 4877 (1): 174–184. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.8. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   33311331. S2CID   228819391.
  6. ↑ Miller, Aryeh H.; Davis, Hayden R.; Luong, Anh Mai; Do, Quyen Hanh; Pham, Cuong The; Ziegler, Thomas; Lee, Justin L.; de Queiroz, Kevin; Reynolds, R. Graham; Nguyen, Truong Quang (2020). "Discovery of a New Species of Enigmatic Odd-Scaled Snake (Serpentes: Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam". Copeia. 108 (4). doi: 10.1643/CH2020060 . S2CID   230507219.



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