Amanita chrysoblema

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Amanita chrysoblema
White Fly-Agaric mature.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Amanitaceae
Genus: Amanita
Species:
A. chrysoblema
Binomial name
Amanita chrysoblema
G. F. Atk. in Kauffman [1]
Synonyms

Amanita muscaria var. alba Peck

Amanita chrysoblema
Mycological characteristics
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Convex cap icon.svgFlat cap icon.svg Cap is convex or flat
Free gills icon2.svg Hymenium is free
Ring and volva stipe icon.svg Stipe has a ring and volva
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is white
Mycorrhizal fungus.svgEcology is mycorrhizal
Mycomorphbox Poison.pngMycomorphbox Psychoactive.pngEdibility is poisonous or psychoactive

Amanita chrysoblema, with the common name American fly agaric, yellow/orange variant, is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus Amanita . Although named chrysoblema, it is traditionally thought to be an Amanita muscaria variant, a group of fungi commonly known as fly agarics.

A. chrysoblema has a cap that ranges from red, yellow, to white. The cap may have grooves on its margins, but is otherwise similar to the usual fly agaric form. [2]

The fungus is poisonous [3] due to high levels of ibotenic acid and muscimol.

Taxonomy

This white fly agaric was first described by science in 1880 by Peck, who classified it as an Amanita muscaria variant as A. muscaria var. alba. In 1918, Kauffmann named it Amanita chrysoblema during a study from Michigan, but the var. alba (or albus) name has been used in parallel to this since then. [4]

It is possible that this Amanita is not a muscaria, or fly agaric, but a species in its own right. This issue is currently under scientific scrutiny. The muscaria classification, may stem from it being wrongly treated as a white variant of A. muscaria subsp. flavivolvata. [4]

References

  1. "Amanita chrysoblema - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella". www.amanitaceae.org. Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
  2. Li, De-Wei (November 2005). "Release and dispersal of basidiospores from Amanita muscaria var. Alba and their infiltration into a residence". Mycological Research. 109 (11): 1235–1242. doi:10.1017/S0953756205003953. PMID   16279416.
  3. Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. pp. 16–17. ISBN   978-1-55407-651-2.
  4. 1 2 "Amanita chrysoblema". Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2017-10-30.