Amanita pseudoporphyria

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Amanita pseudoporphyria
Amanita pseudoporphyria 09.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Amanitaceae
Genus: Amanita
Subgenus: Amanita subg. Amanitina
Section: Amanita sect. Roanokenses
Species:
A. pseudoporphyria
Binomial name
Amanita pseudoporphyria
Hongo (1957) [1]
Amanita pseudoporphyria
Information icon.svg
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Convex cap icon.svgFlat cap icon.svg Cap is convex or flat
Free gills icon2.svg Hymenium is free
Ring and volva stipe icon.svg Stipe has a ring and volva
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is white
Mycorrhizal fungus.svgEcology is mycorrhizal
Mycomorphbox Poison.pngEdibility is poisonous

Amanita pseudoporphyria, also known as Hongo's false death cap, is a species of agaric fungus from the family Amanitaceae.

Contents

Similar species

The species differs only slightly from Amanita caojizong [a] by having more abundant inflated cells of its volva, and its ellipsoid to broad ellipsoid spores. [2]

Taxonomy

The species was originally described in Japan. [2] [1]

This mushroom was classified in Amanita section Phalloideae in the past; now it is classified in section Roanokenses.

Distribution and habitat

The species is quite common in southern China, and is now also known in North India, Thailand, and Nepal. [2] It grows solitarily or gregariously in coniferous forests.

Toxicity

This mushroom is poisonous. [3]

In 2000, a 66-year-old man with diabetes experienced delayed onset acute kidney injury associated with the ingestion of this mushroom. Effects occurred similar to that of the intoxication symptoms associated with the North American species Amanita smithiana and the Mediterranean A. proxima . Kidney biopsy of the patient showed acute tubular necrosis with glomerular minor abnormalities. Treatment included a three-week period of haemodialysis, after which the patient fully recovered from the acute kidney failure in two months. [4]

Wang et al. (2004) [5] and Yang (date unknown) [2] reported that it is sold in free markets in Yunnan, China, mixed with A. caojizong. [a]

Mislabelling as “porcini” in an online retailer

There is a case where scientists analyzed several commercial processed food items containing mushrooms, including a bag of what was claimed to be dried "porcini mushrooms" sold online. DNA barcoding revealed the bag to contain A. pseudoporphyria (as well as Tylopilus microsporus, Caloboletus yunnanensis , and Retiboletus fuscus ). Several customers left reviews of the product as having "an extremely bitter flavor with a bad aftertaste", causing them to be "poisoned". In July 2019, the scientists reached out to the online retailer to inform them of their findings, but it was still for sale as of 2021. [6]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Formerly known as Amanita manginiana sensu W.F. Chiu.

References

  1. 1 2 Tsuguo Hongo (1957) Notes on Japanese larger fungi (10). The Journal of Japanese Botany(植物研究雑誌)32(5), p.141-146. doi:10.51033/jjapbot.32_5_4133
  2. 1 2 3 4 Tulloss R. "Amanita pseudoporphyria". Amanitaceae.org. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
  3. Gu, Xinwei; Chen, Zaiming; Wu, Bangren (2018). 中国毒蕈图鉴. 浙江科学技术出版社. p. 38.
  4. Iwafuchi Y, Morita T, Kobayashi H, Kasuga K, Ito K, Nakagawa O, Kunisada K, Miyazaki S, Kamimura A (2003). "Delayed onset acute renal failure associated with Amanita pseudoporphyria Hongo ingestion". Internal Medicine. 42 (1): 78–81. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.42.78 . PMID   12583624.
  5. Wang, Xianghua; Liu, Peigui; Yu, Fuqiang (2004). 云南野生商品蘑菇图鉴. 云南科学技术出版社. p. 19.
  6. Ii, W. Dalley Cutler; Bradshaw, Alexander J.; Dentinger, Bryn T. M. (2021-08-02). "What's for dinner this time?: DNA authentication of "wild mushrooms" in food products sold in the USA". PeerJ. 9: e11747. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11747 . ISSN   2167-8359. PMC   8340906 . PMID   34414024.