Amanita pachycolea | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Basidiomycota |
Class: | Agaricomycetes |
Order: | Agaricales |
Family: | Amanitaceae |
Genus: | Amanita |
Species: | A. pachycolea |
Binomial name | |
Amanita pachycolea D.E.Stuntz (1982) | |
Amanita pachycolea | |
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Gills on hymenium | |
Cap is campanulate | |
Hymenium is free or adnate | |
Stipe has a volva | |
Spore print is white | |
Ecology is mycorrhizal | |
Edibility is not recommended |
Amanita pachycolea, commonly known as the western grisette [1] or the Stuntz's great ringless amanita, [2] is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae.
The cap is brown, sometimes lighter near the margin. The gills are white with gray-brown edges, staining orange-brown in age. The stipe is white to brownish with a fibrillose or scaly surface. The base is enclosed by a thick, felty volva, which is white in youth, then yellow or brownish, sometimes becoming reddish in age. [3]
A. pachycolea was recognized as a distinct species by mycologist Daniel Elliot Stuntz, and published in 1982 by Harry Delbert Thiers. It is classified in Amanita section Vaginatae, which includes species with conspicuous radial striations on the cap (8–20 centimetres (3–8 inches) wide), inamyloid spores, and the absence of a ring on the stipe (10–25 cm long, 1–3 cm wide, tapering upward). [4] [5]
Found in western North America, it associates with conifers in coniferous and mixed forests. The mushroom is edible, but not recommended due to possible confusion with toxic Amanita species. [1]
Amanita pantherina, also known as the panther cap, false blusher, and the panther amanita due to its similarity to the true blusher, is a species of fungus found in Eurasia with poisonous and psychoactive properties.
Amanita calyptroderma also known as coccora, coccoli or the Pacific amanita, is a white-spored mushroom that fruits naturally in the coastal forests of the western United States during the fall and winter and spring.
Agaricus subrutilescens, also known as the wine-colored agaricus, is a mushroom of the genus Agaricus. It was first described scientifically in 1925 as Psalliota subrutilescens, and later transferred to Agaricus in 1938.
Clitocybe nebularis or Lepista nebularis, commonly known as the clouded agaric, cloudy clitocybe, or cloud funnel, is an abundant gilled fungus which appears both in conifer-dominated forests and broad-leaved woodland in Europe and North America. Appearing in Britain from mid to late autumn, it is edible, but may cause gastrointestinal issues.
Gymnopilus sapineus, commonly known as the scaly rustgill or common and boring gymnopilus, is a small and widely distributed mushroom which grows in dense clusters on dead conifer wood. It has a rusty orange spore print and a bitter taste. This species does not stain blue and lacks the hallucinogen psilocybin.
Leucoagaricus leucothites, commonly known as the smooth parasol, woman on motorcycle, ma'am on motorcycle, white dapperling, or white agaricus mushroom, is a species of agaric fungus. The species was originally described as Agaricus leucothites by Carlo Vittadini in 1835, and bears similarity to species of that genus. Solomon Wasser transferred it to Leucoagaricus in 1977. While sometimes regarded as edible, the species is suspected of being poisonous due to gastric-upset-causing toxins. It could also be confused with the deadly Amanita ocreata.
Leucopaxillus albissimus, commonly known as the large white leucopaxillus, is a species of mushroom that lives as a saprobe, decaying the litter under coniferous trees. It produces a large white fruiting body that is unusually resistant to decay. It is considered to be inedible.
Leccinum manzanitae is an edible species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae. Described as new to science in 1971, it is commonly known as the manzanita bolete for its usual mycorrhizal association with manzanita trees. Its fruit bodies (mushrooms) have sticky reddish to brown caps up to 20 cm (8 in), and its stipes are up to 16 cm (6.3 in) long and 3.5 cm (1.4 in) thick. They have a whitish background color punctuated with small black scales known as scabers. Found only in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and Canada, it is the most common Leccinum species in California. The mushroom is edible, although opinions vary as to its quality. L. manzanitae can be usually distinguished from other similar bolete mushrooms by its large size, reddish cap, dark scabers on a whitish stipe, and association with manzanita and madrone.
Tricholoma saponaceum, also known as the soap-scented toadstool, soapy tricholoma, soapy knight or soap tricholoma is an inedible mushroom found in woodlands in Europe and North America.
Caloboletus rubripes, commonly known as the red-stipe bolete or the red-stemmed bitter bolete, is a mushroom in the family Boletaceae. It was known as Boletus rubripes until 2014. Fruit bodies (mushrooms) are robust, with caps up to 18 cm in diameter, atop thick stipes 5–12 cm long. Mushrooms are non-toxic, but is so bitter as to be inedible. The mushroom flesh has a very strong bluing reaction when cut or damaged. and forms mycorrhizal relationships, primarily with conifers. It can be differentiated from similar boletes by its cap color and non-reticulate stipe.
Mycena epipterygia is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae of mushrooms commonly found in Europe. It is commonly known as yellowleg bonnet or yellow-stemmed mycena. The species is saprotrophic and its appearance is quite variable. For example, a number of members of the genus Mycena, some parts of the fungus are bioluminescent, including in this species, the mycelium. Mycena nivicola has been suggested as a separate species name for the Western variety.
Amanita franchetii, also known as the yellow veiled amanita, or Franchet's amanita, is a species of fungus in the family Amanitaceae.
Clitocybe tarda is a species of mushroom. It has a brownish pink cap with a smooth surface, the flesh is thin and brittle, and the cap tastes bitter. The stalk is slender and smooth. The spore print is pinkish gray. It is unknown if the species is edible, but it does not have a pleasant taste.
Tricholoma imbricatum is a species of agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Commonly known as the matt knight, it is found in Europe and North America, where it grows on the ground in coniferous forests. Fruit bodies have a brown to reddish-brown cap, which is often scaly, and ranges from 6–18 cm in diameter, and a stipe that is 3.5–12 cm long by 1–3 cm thick. The gills are initially whitish in color before developing reddish-brown spots. The spores are white.
Clitocybe albirhiza, commonly known as the snowmelt clitocybe, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. It is found in high-elevation locations in the western United States.
Lactarius pseudomucidus, commonly known as the slimy milk cap, is a fungus native to the northwestern part of North America, often found in coastal and conifer forests. It has a charcoal brown cap, smooth and slimy, from 2–10 cm across, initially flat convex, becoming shallowly depressed. The gills are decurrent, white with a gray or yellow tinge, staining brownish. The stipe is 40–100 mm tall, hollow, brittle. Both the cap and stipe are mucilaginous. The flesh is gray and the latex is milky white, drying yellowish. There is only a slight odor, and the taste slowly becomes acrid. Spores are white in mass, ellipsoid, amyloid, about 8 μm long, with a reticulate decoration on the surface. The species is inedible. It resembles Lactarius argillaceifolius, which has a light orange-gray cap, and eastern North America's Lactarius mucidus. It's edibility is unknown, but the extremely viscid stalk and cap are a deterrent.
Psathyrella piluliformis is a species of agaric fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. It produces fruit bodies (mushrooms) with broadly convex caps measuring 2–5 cm in diameter. The caps are chestnut to reddish brown, the color fading with age and with dry weather. The closely spaced gills have an adnate attachment to the stipe. They are initially tan until the spores mature, when the gills turn dark brown. Fragments of the partial veil may remain on the cap margin, and as a wispy band of hairs on the stipe. The stipe is 2–7 cm tall and 3–7 mm wide, white, smooth, hollow, and bulging at the base. Fruiting occurs in clusters at the base of hardwood stumps.
Suillus caerulescens is an edible species of bolete fungus in the family Suillaceae. It was first described scientifically by American mycologists Alexander H. Smith and Harry D. Thiers in 1964. It can be found growing with Douglas fir trees. Its stem bruises blue, which sometimes takes a few minutes.
Entoloma holoconiotum is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. It was originally described as Nolanea holoconiota by David Largent and Harry Thiers in 1972. Machiel Noordeloos and Co-David transferred it to the genus Entoloma in 2009. The species can be found in conifer forests in western North America.
Hygrocybe flavescens, commonly known as the golden waxy cap, is a species of Hygrocybe described from Michigan. It is considered nonpoisonous to humans. The species can be found in various forests and woodlands.