Antennaria dioica

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Antennaria dioica
Antennaria dioica.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Antennaria
Species:
A. dioica
Binomial name
Antennaria dioica
Synonyms [2]
Synonymy
  • Antennaria hibernicaBraun-Blanq.
  • Antennaria hyperboreaD.Don
  • Antennaria insularisGreene
  • Antennaria montanaGray
  • Chamaezelum dioicumLink
  • Cyttarium dioicumPeterm.
  • Gnaphalium alpinumAsso ex DC.
  • Gnaphalium borealeTurcz. ex DC.
  • Gnaphalium dioicaL.
  • Gnaphalium dioicumL.
  • Gnaphalium hyberboreumWinch ex DC.
  • Gnaphalium pes-catiGarsault

Antennaria dioica (mountain everlasting, [3] stoloniferous pussytoes, [4] catsfoot or cudweed) is a Eurasian species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a perennial herb found in cool northern and mountainous regions of Europe and northern Asia (Russia, Mongolia, Japan, Kazakhstan, China (Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Gansu) and the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. [5] [6] [7]

Contents

Description

Antennaria dioica is an evergreen, [8] herbaceous perennial plant growing to 10–20 cm tall, with a rosette of basal spoon-shaped leaves 4 cm long, and 1 cm broad at their broadest near the apex; and smaller leaves arranged spirally up the flowering stems. The flowers are produced in capitula (flowerheads) 6–12 mm diameter with pale pink ray florets and darker pink disc florets. The plant's common name is derived from the flower clusters which are thought to resemble the pads or toes of a cat's paw. [9]

It is dioecious, but can also reproduce without fertilisation. It is found in groups which can be all-female colonies, all-male colonies, and also mixed colonies. The male plants have whiter flower heads than female plants. The species name, dioica, is derived from Greek as reference to the separate male and female plants. [10] Its common habitats include mountain grasslands, dry pastures and woodland edges. [8]

Uses

While not widely used in herbal medicine, the plant was believed to have antitussive, astringent, diuretic and emollient properties. [11] It has been traditionally used to treat bronchitis, liver and gall bladder complaints, hepatitis and diarrhea. [11] Externally, it has been used as a gargle for treating tonsillitis and as a douche for vaginitis. [11]

John Gerard's Herball (1597) describes the plant: "When the flower hath long flourished and is waxen old, then comes there in the middest of the floure a certain brown yellow thrumme, such as is in the middest of the daisie, which floure being gathered when it is young may be kept in such manner (I meane in such freshness and well-liking) by the space of a whole year after in your chest or elsewhere, wherefore our English women have called it 'Live Long,' or 'Live-for ever,' which name doth aptly answer this effects." [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Silybum</i> Genus of plants

Silybum is a genus of two species of thistles in the family Asteraceae. The plants are native to the Mediterranean regions of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. One species has been introduced elsewhere, including in North America. The name "milk thistle" derives from a feature of the leaves, which are prominently banded with splashes of white. Historically, these milky bands were said to be Mother Mary's milk, and this is the origin of another common name, St. Mary's thistle. The most widespread species is Silybum marianum.

<i>Antennaria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Antennaria is a genus of dioecious perennial herbs in the family Asteraceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with a few species in temperate southern South America; the highest species diversity is in North America. Common names include catsfoot or cat's-foot, pussytoes and everlasting.

<i>Antennaria alpina</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria alpina is a European and North American species of plant in the family Asteraceae. Antennaria alpina is native to mountainous and subarctic regions of Scandinavia, Greenland, Alaska, and the Canadian Arctic, extending south at high altitudes in mountains in the Rocky Mountains south to Montana and Wyoming.

<i>Talinum paniculatum</i> Species of shrub

Talinum paniculatum is a succulent subshrub in the family Talinaceae that is native to much of North and South America, and the Caribbean countries. It is commonly known as fameflower, Jewels-of-Opar, or pink baby's-breath.

<i>Antennaria argentea</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria argentea is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common name silver pussytoes or silvery everlasting. It is native primarily to Oregon and to northern and central California with additional populations in Nevada, Idaho, Montana, and Washington.

<i>Antennaria corymbosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria corymbosa is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names flat-top pussytoes or meadow pussytoes. It is native to western Canada and the Western United States south as far as Tulare County in California and Rio Arriba County in New Mexico. It grows in moist, cool areas such as mountain meadows and riverbanks. Most of the populations are found in the Rocky Mountains, the Cascades, and the Sierra Nevada.

<i>Antennaria dimorpha</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria dimorpha is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names low pussytoes or gray cushion pussytoes. It is native to western Canada and the western United States as far south as Riverside County in California and Rio Arriba County in New Mexico. It is generally found in dry areas. There are historical records of the species formerly occurring in northwestern Nebraska, but these populations appear now to be gone.

<i>Antennaria flagellaris</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria flagellaris is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names whip pussytoes and stoloniferous pussytoes. It is native primarily to the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau regions of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and northern Nevada, where it is a member of the sagebrush scrub plant community. Additional populations are found in northeastern California, Wyoming, the Black Hills of South Dakota, and the Canadian Province of British Columbia.

<i>Antennaria geyeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria geyeri is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name pinewoods pussytoes or mountain pussytoes. It is native to the western United States where it grows in woodland and scrub very often on the forest floor under pine trees. It is found in Washington, Oregon, northern California, and northwestern Nevada.

<i>Antennaria luzuloides</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria luzuloides is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name rush pussytoes. The species is native to western Canada and the western United States.

<i>Antennaria media</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria media is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Rocky Mountain pussytoes. It is native to western Canada and the Western United States from Alaska and Yukon Territory to California to New Mexico. It grows in cold Arctic and alpine regions, either at high latitudes in the Arctic or at high elevations in the mountains.

<i>Antennaria pulchella</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria pulchella is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Sierra pussytoes and beautiful pussytoes. It is native primarily to high elevations in the Sierra Nevada from Nevada County to Tulare County, where it is a plant of the alpine climate. Additional populations occur on Lassen Peak in Lassen County, and also in Washoe County, Nevada.

<i>Antennaria racemosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria racemosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name racemose pussytoes. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta south as far as northern California and Wyoming. It grows in mountain forests, generally in moist, partially shaded areas, and often colonizes bare patches of mineral-rich soil, including disturbed areas.

<i>Antennaria rosea</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria rosea is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name rosy pussytoes. Other common names include cat's foot and mountain everlasting. The second part of its scientific name, rosea, is Latin for pink.

<i>Antennaria suffrutescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria suffrutescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names evergreen pussytoes and evergreen everlasting. It is native to southwestern Oregon and far northeastern California. It grows in coniferous forests in the mountains, sometimes on serpentine soils.

<i>Antennaria umbrinella</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria umbrinella is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names umber pussytoes and brown pussytoes. It is native to southwestern Canada and the western United States as far south as Colorado, Coconino County in Arizona, and Tulare County in California). It grows in a variety of habitats at a variety of elevations, from lowland sagebrush steppe to subalpine meadows.

<i>Antennaria microphylla</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria microphylla is a stoloniferous perennial forb in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across northern and western North America, from Alaska and the three Canadian Arctic territories east to Quebec and south to Minnesota, New Mexico, and California.

<i>Antennaria plantaginifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria plantaginifolia is a perennial forb native to the eastern North America, that produces cream colored composite flowers in spring.

<i>Antennaria lanata</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria lanata is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common name woolly pussytoes. It is native to western Canada and the northwestern United States.

<i>Antennaria parlinii</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria parlinii, known as Parlin's pussytoes, is a herbaceous flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Like other species in the genus, the plant is dioecious. It is widespread across eastern and central Canada and eastern and central United States, from Manitoba to Nova Scotia south as far as Texas and Georgia.

References

  1. NatureServe (6 December 2024). "Antennaria dioica| NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  2. The Plant List, Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. NRCS. "Antennaria dioica". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  5. Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 789 蝶须 die xu Antennaria dioica (Linnaeus) Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 410. 1791.
  6. Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 406 Stoloniferous pussytoes Antennaria dioica (Linnaeus) Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 410. 1791.
  7. Altervista Flora Italiana, Sempiterni di montagna, Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn. includes photos and European distribution map
  8. 1 2 "Antennaria dioica (Catsfoot, Mountain Everlasting, Pussytoes, Stoloniferous pussytoes) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  9. "Antennaria dioica - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  10. Coombes, Allen J. (2012). The A to Z of plant names : a quick reference guide to 4000 garden plants (1st ed.). Portland, Or.: Timber Press. p. 46. ISBN   978-1-60469-196-2. OCLC   741564356.
  11. 1 2 3 "Antennaria dioica Catsfoot, Stoloniferous pussytoes PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
  12. Grieve, Maud (1971). A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic and Economic Properties, Cultivation and Folk-lore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, & Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses, Volume 1. p. 175. ISBN   9780486227986.