Apogonidae

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Cardinalfishes
Pterapogon kauderni.jpg
Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Kurtiformes
Family: Apogonidae
Günther, 1859
Subfamily

Cardinalfishes are a family, Apogonidae, of ray-finned fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans; they are chiefly marine, but some species are found in brackish water and a few (notably Glossamia ) are found in fresh water. A handful of species are kept in aquariums and are popular as small, peaceful, and colourful fish. The family includes about 370 species.

Contents

They are generally small fish, with most species being less than 10 cm (4 in), and are often brightly coloured. They are distinguished by their large mouths, and the division of the dorsal fin into two separate fins. Most species live in tropical or subtropical waters, where they inhabit coral reefs and lagoons. [1]

They are nocturnal, spending the day in dark crevices within the reef. At least some species brood their eggs inside the mouths of the males. [1] Males do not feed during this incubation period. Males incubate the eggs in their mouth due to having longer heads and a larger jaw, which females do not acquire. [2]

Classification

The fifth edition of Fishes of the World recognises only two subfamilies of the Apogonidae: [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Apogon</i> Genus of fishes

Apogon is a large genus of fish in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes. They are among the most common fish on coral reefs. Over 200 species have been classified in genus Apogon as members of several subgenera. Some of these subgenera, such as Ostorhinchus, have been elevated to genus status, leaving just over 50 species in the genus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ring-tailed cardinalfish</span> Species of fish

The ring-tailed cardinalfish is a widespread fish species in the family Apogonidae found in the Red Sea and off East Africa to Papua New Guinea, north to Japan, and south to Australia.

<i>Ostorhinchus cyanosoma</i> Species of fish

Ostorhinchus cyanosoma, commonly known as the yellow-striped cardinalfish, goldenstriped cardinalfish, or the orange-lined cardinalfish, is a species of marine fish in the cardinalfish family of order Perciformes. It is native to the Indo-West Pacific.

<i>Astrapogon</i> Genus of fishes

Astrapogon is a genus of cardinalfishes native to the western Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Apogonichthyoides</i> Genus of fishes

Apogonichthyoides is a genus of fish in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes. They are native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Cercamia</i> Genus of fishes

Cercamia is a genus of fishes in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes. They are native to the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

<i>Cheilodipterus</i> Genus of fishes

Cheilodipterus is a genus of fishes in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes. They are native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Foa</i> (fish) Genus of fishes

Foa is a genus of fishes in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes, native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Fowleria</i> Genus of fishes

Fowleria is a genus of fishes in the family Apogonidae native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The name of this genus honors the American ichthyologist Henry Weed Fowler ( ) of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, who attended Stanford University, where he was a student of David Starr Jordan's.

<i>Glossamia</i> Genus of fishes

Glossamia is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Apogonidae. The majority of the species are endemic to New Guinea, but G. aprion is also found in Australia.

<i>Gymnapogon</i> Genus of fishes

Gymnapogon is a genus of fish in the family Apogonidae. They are native to the Indo-West Pacific and central Pacific Oceans, where they occur in reefs and nearby habitat types. These species are usually no more than 5 centimeters long and have semitransparent bodies without scales. The genus name is a compound noun formed by combining the Greek gymnos meaning "naked", referring to the lack of scales in the type species, Gymnapogon japonicus, and Apogon, the type genus of the Apogonidae. One species, the B-spot cardinalfish, is notable for its larvae being rather large, conspicuous and fast-swimming.

<i>Ostorhinchus</i> Genus of fishes

Ostorhinchus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Apogonidae native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Pristicon</i> Genus of fishes

Pristicon is a genus of cardinalfishes native to the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Siphamia</i> Genus of fishes

Siphamia is a genus of cardinalfishes native to the Indian and Pacific Ocean. Several of these species are commensal with various species of sea urchins.

<i>Zapogon</i> Genus of fishes

Zapogon is a genus of fishes in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes.

<i>Zoramia</i> Genus of fishes

Zoramia is a genus of cardinalfishes native to the Indian and Pacific Ocean.

<i>Archamia</i> Genus of fishes

Archamia bleekeri, also known as Gon's cardinalfish, is a species of fish in the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes. It is native to the coastal waters of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from Africa to Indonesia and from Taiwan to Queensland, Australia. This species occurs in mangrove forests and reefs, and is an inhabitant of shipwrecks, preferring silty areas with muddy or sandy substrates. This species grows to a total length of 10 cm (3.9 in). This species is the only member of the genus Archamia. The other species were moved to the new genus Taeniamia in 2013.

<i>Ostorhinchus capricornis</i> Species of fish

Ostorhinchus capricornis, also known as the Capricorn cardinalfish, is a species of ray-finned fish, a cardinalfish from the family Apogonidae which occurs around reefs in the western Pacific Ocean.

The Sailfin cardinalfish is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes, and the only member of its genus. It is a large, almost all-black cardinal fish which is endemic to coral reefs in Western Australia. They are not yet common in the Aquarium trade, and are nocturnal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apogoninae</span> Subfamily of fishes

The Apogoninae are the most species-rich and, of its shape, size, color and habitat, most diverse subfamily of cardinalfishes (Apogonidae). It can be found in coastal tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian Ocean, the eastern Pacific and the Atlantic, down to depths of 300 meters.

References

  1. 1 2 Johnson, G.D.; Gill, A.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 183. ISBN   0-12-547665-5.
  2. ↑ Hoey, A., Bellwood, D., & Barnett, A. (2012). To feed or to breed: Morphological constraints of mouthbrooding in coral reef cardinalfishes. Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 279(1737), 2426-2432.
  3. ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 752. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  4. ↑ Mabuchi, K., Fraser, T.H., Song, H., Azuma, Y. & Nishida, M. (2014): Revision of the systematics of the cardinalfishes (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) based on molecular analyses and comparative reevaluation of morphological characters. Zootaxa, 3846 (2): 151–203.
  5. ↑ Fraser, T.H. & Prokofiev, A.M. (2016): A new genus and species of cardinalfish (Percomorpha, Apogonidae, Sphaeramiini) from the coastal waters of Vietnam: luminescent or not? Zootaxa, 4144 (2): 227–242.
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