April 1933

Last updated
<< April 1933 >>
SuMoTuWeThFrSa
01
02 03 04 05 06 07 08
09 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30  
April 13, 1933: Bonnie and Clyde survive shootout, leave behind photos and evidence Bonnieclyde f.jpg
April 13, 1933: Bonnie and Clyde survive shootout, leave behind photos and evidence
April 4, 1933: 73 die in the destruction of the U.S. Navy airship Akron USS Akron in flight, nov 1931.jpg
April 4, 1933: 73 die in the destruction of the U.S. Navy airship Akron
April 8, 1933: State of Western Australia votes to secede from the Commonwealth Flag of Western Australia (1870-1953).svg
April 8, 1933: State of Western Australia votes to secede from the Commonwealth

The following events occurred in April 1933:

Contents

April 1, 1933 (Saturday)

April 2, 1933 (Sunday)

April 3, 1933 (Monday)

April 4, 1933 (Tuesday)

April 5, 1933 (Wednesday)

April 6, 1933 (Thursday)

April 7, 1933 (Friday)

April 8, 1933 (Saturday)

April 9, 1933 (Sunday)

April 10, 1933 (Monday)

April 11, 1933 (Tuesday)

April 12, 1933 (Wednesday)

April 13, 1933 (Thursday)

April 14, 1933 (Friday)

April 15, 1933 (Saturday)

April 16, 1933 (Sunday)

April 17, 1933 (Monday)

April 18, 1933 (Tuesday)

April 19, 1933 (Wednesday)

April 20, 1933 (Thursday)

April 21, 1933 (Friday)

April 22, 1933 (Saturday)

April 23, 1933 (Sunday)

April 24, 1933 (Monday)

April 25, 1933 (Tuesday)

April 26, 1933 (Wednesday)

April 27, 1933 (Thursday)

April 28, 1933 (Friday)

April 29, 1933 (Saturday)

April 30, 1933 (Sunday)

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nazi Germany</span> Germany under the Nazi Party (1933–1945)

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after only 12 years, when the Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, ending World War II in Europe.

<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kristallnacht</i></span> 1938 anti-Jewish pogroms in Nazi Germany

Kristallnacht (German pronunciation:[kʁɪsˈtalnaχt]lit.'crystal night') or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (German: Novemberpogrome, pronounced[noˈvɛm.bɐ.poˌɡʁoːmə] ), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation from the Hitler Youth and German civilians throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938. The German authorities looked on without intervening. The euphemistic name Kristallnacht comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues were smashed. The pretext for the attacks was the assassination of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan, a 17-year-old German-born Polish Jew living in Paris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cordell Hull</span> American politician (1871–1955)

Cordell Hull was an American politician from Tennessee and the longest-serving U.S. Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during most of World War II. Before that appointment, Hull represented Tennessee for two years in the United States Senate and 22 years in the House of Representatives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">German American Bund</span> American Nazi organization (1936-1941)

The German American Bund, or the German American Federation, was a German-American Nazi organization which was established in 1936 as a successor to the Friends of New Germany. The organization chose its new name in order to emphasize its American credentials after the press accused it of being unpatriotic. The Bund was allowed to consist only of American citizens of German descent. Its main goal was to promote a favorable view of Nazi Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Dodd (ambassador)</span> American historian and ambassador to Germany

William Edward Dodd was an American historian, author and diplomat. A liberal Democrat, he served as the United States Ambassador to Germany from 1933 to 1937 during the Nazi era. Initially a holder of the slightly antisemitic notions of his times, he went to Germany with instructions from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to do what he could to protest Nazi treatment of Jews in Germany "unofficially", while also attempting to follow official State Department instructions to maintain cordial official diplomatic relations. Convinced from firsthand observation that the Nazis were an increasing threat, he resigned over his inability to mobilize the Roosevelt administration, particularly the State Department, to counter the Nazis prior to the start of World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Évian Conference</span> Conference addressing a refugee crisis

The Évian Conference was convened 6–15 July 1938 at Évian-les-Bains, France, to address the problem of German and Austrian Jewish refugees wishing to flee persecution by Nazi Germany. It was the initiative of United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt who perhaps hoped to obtain commitments from some of the invited nations to accept more refugees, although he took pains to avoid stating that objective expressly. Historians have suggested that Roosevelt desired to deflect attention and criticism from American policy that severely limited the quota of refugees admitted to the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">December 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in December 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Propaganda in Nazi Germany</span>

The propaganda used by the German Nazi Party in the years leading up to and during Adolf Hitler's dictatorship of Germany from 1933 to 1945 was a crucial instrument for acquiring and maintaining power, and for the implementation of Nazi policies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nazism and cinema</span> Nazi influence on film between 1933–1945

Nazism made extensive use of the cinema throughout its history. Though it was a relatively new technology, the Nazi Party established a film department soon after it rose to power in Germany. Both Adolf Hitler and his propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels used the many Nazi films to promote the party ideology and show their influence in the burgeoning art form, which was an object of personal fascination for Hitler. The Nazis valued film as a propaganda instrument of enormous power, courting the masses by means of slogans that were aimed directly at the instincts and emotions of the people. The Department of Film also used the economic power of German moviegoers to influence the international film market. This resulted in almost all Hollywood producers censoring films critical of Nazism during the 1930s, as well as showing news shorts produced by the Nazis in American theaters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuremberg Laws</span> Antisemitic and racist laws enacted in 1935 in Nazi Germany

The Nuremberg Laws were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany on 15 September 1935, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. The two laws were the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour, which forbade marriages and extramarital intercourse between Jews and Germans and the employment of German females under 45 in Jewish households; and the Reich Citizenship Law, which declared that only those of German or related blood were eligible to be Reich citizens. The remainder were classed as state subjects without any citizenship rights. A supplementary decree outlining the definition of who was Jewish was passed on 14 November, and the Reich Citizenship Law officially came into force on that date. The laws were expanded on 26 November 1935 to include Romani and Black people. This supplementary decree defined Romani people as "enemies of the race-based state", the same category as Jews.

Nazi Germany was an overwhelmingly Christian nation. A census in May 1939, six years into the Nazi era after the annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia into Germany, indicates that 54% of the population considered itself Protestant, 41% considered itself Catholic, 3.5% self-identified as Gottgläubig, and 1.5% as "atheist". Protestants were over-represented in the Nazi Party's membership and electorate, and Catholics were under-represented.

In the decades since the Holocaust, some national governments, international bodies and world leaders have been criticized for their failure to take appropriate action to save the millions of European Jews, Roma, and other victims of the Holocaust. Critics say that such intervention, particularly by the Allied governments, might have saved substantial numbers of people and could have been accomplished without the diversion of significant resources from the war effort.

The Haavara Agreement was an agreement between Nazi Germany and Zionist German Jews signed on 25 August 1933. The agreement was finalized after three months of talks by the Zionist Federation of Germany, the Anglo-Palestine Bank and the economic authorities of Nazi Germany. It was a major factor in making possible the migration of approximately 60,000 German Jews to Palestine between 1933 and 1939.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">February 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in February 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">March 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in March 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">May 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in May 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">August 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in August 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">September 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in September 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">November 1933</span> Month of 1933

The following events occurred in November 1933:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">May 1943</span> Month of 1943

The following events occurred in May 1943:

References

  1. Peter Fritzsche, Life and Death in the Third Reich (Harvard University Press, 2009), p. 123; Jon Bloomberg, The Jewish World in the Modern Age (KTAV Publishing House, 2004), p. 136
  2. Sukhwant Singh, India's Wars Since Independence (Lancer Publishers, 2009), p. 429
  3. Paul M. Handley, The King Never Smiles: A Biography of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej (Yale University Press, 2006), p. 52
  4. Cox, Jim (2011). Rails Across Dixie: A History of Passenger Trains in the American South. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 134. ISBN   9780786445288. OCLC   609716000.
  5. "Sets New Record For Test Matches— Wally Hammond Hits Up 336 Not Out at Auckland", Ottawa Journal, April 1, 1933, p31
  6. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.  510–512. ISBN   0-304-35730-8.
  7. Kasīan Tēchaphīra, Commodifying Marxism: The Formation of Modern Thai Radical Culture, 1927–1958 (Trans Pacific Press, 2001), p. 38
  8. History of nephrology: Ukrainian aspects
  9. Dr. Yuri Voronoy
  10. Surgeon Yurii Voronoy (1895–1961) – a pioneer in the history of clinical transplantation: in Memoriam at the 75th Anniversary of the First Human Kidney Transplantation by Edouard Matevossian, Hans Kern, Norbert Huser, Dietrich Doll et al. (Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität of Munich, Germany) // Transplant International — ISSN 0934-0874. European Society for Organ Transplantation - 2009. - pp. 1132-1139
  11. Andrew Klein, et al., Organ Transplantation: A Clinical Guide (Cambridge University Press, Aug 31, 2011), p. 2
  12. Abhinav Humar, et al., Atlas of Organ Transplantation (Springer, 2009), p. 1
  13. R.K.C. Shekhar, Academic Dictionary of Civil Aviation (Gyan Books, 2005), p. 104
  14. "Michigan Ratifies Repeal Of Dry Law", St. Petersburg Times, April 11, 1933, p. 1
  15. Garrett Peck, Prohibition in Washington, D.C: How Dry We Weren't (The History Press, 2011), p. 144
  16. Maurine H. Beasley, Eleanor Roosevelt and the Media: A Public Quest for Self-fulfillment (University of Illinois Press, 1987), p. 52
  17. "STORM-TOSSED AKRON CARRIES 73 TO DEATH IN ATLANTIC", Calgary Daily Herald, April 4, 1933, p. 1
  18. Thomas Adam, ed., Germany and the Americas: Culture, Politics and History (ABC-CLIO, 2005), p. 562
  19. Eugene Davidson, The Trial of the Germans: An Account of the Twenty-two Defendants before the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg (University of Missouri Press, 1997), pp. 267–268
  20. 1 2 3 Lucy S. Dawidowicz, A Holocaust Reader (Behrman House, 1976), pp. 35–6
  21. Axel Kjær Sørensen, Denmark-Greenland in the Twentieth Century (Museum Tusculanum Press, 2009), pp. 53–4
  22. George B. Grey, Federal Reserve System: Background, Analyses and Bibliography (Nova Publishers, 2002), p. 99
  23. Robert F. Collins, A History of the Daniel Boone National Forest, 1770–1970 (U.S. Forest Service, 1975), p. 216
  24. James S. Olson, The History of Cancer: An Annotated Bibliography (ABC-CLIO, 1989), p. 48
  25. "30-Hour Week Passes Senate By 53 To 30 Vote", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 7, 1933, p. 1
  26. Cynthia L. Negrey, Work Time: Conflict, Control and Change (Polity Press, 2012), pp. 53–4
  27. Tom Stempel, Framework: A History of Screenwriting in the American Film (Syracuse University Press, 2000), p. 138
  28. "13-YEARS OF BEER DROUGHT END WITH JOYOUS RUSH AT MIDNIGHT", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 7, 1933, p. 1
  29. "Avalanche Kills Famous English Mathematician", Montreal Gazette, April 10, 1933, p. 17
  30. "Secession Referendum — Big 'Yes' Majority", The Age (Melbourne), April 10, 1933
  31. Gabrielle Appleby, et al., The Future of Australian Federalism: Comparative and Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 79;
  32. Theodore Libbey, The NPR Listener's Encyclopedia of Classical Music (Workman Publishing, 2006), p. 375
  33. Johnson, Claudia Durst (1994). Understanding To Kill a Mockingbird . Greenwood Publishing. p.  17. ISBN   9780313291937.
  34. Michael Bess, Choices Under Fire: Moral Dimensions of World War II (Random House Digital, 2008), p. 83
  35. "Japanese Drive Opened in China", Milwaukee Journal, April 10, 1933, p. 7
  36. Ray Morton, King Kong: The History of a Movie Icon from Fay Wray to Peter Jackson (Hal Leonard Corporation, 2005)
  37. George Pararas-Carayannis, The Big One: The Next Great California Earthquake (Forbes Press, 2001), p. 107
  38. Edwin Black, IBM and the Holocaust: The Strategic Alliance between Nazi Germany and America's Most Powerful Corporation (Random House Digital, 2001)
  39. 1 2 Greg Milner, Perfecting Sound Forever: An Aural History of Recorded Music (Macmillan, 2010)
  40. "Lancaster Lost in Sahara On Record Hop to Capetown", Pittsburgh Press, April 15, 1933, p1
  41. "Two Officers Slain", St. Joseph (MO) News-Press, April 14, 1933, p. 13
  42. Nate Hendley, Bonnie and Clyde: A Biography (Greenwood Publishing, 2007) pp. 52–5
  43. "New York Rangers Regain Stanley Cup", Reading (PA) Eagle, April 14, 1933, p. 20
  44. Yuri Felshtinsky, Lenin and His Comrades: The Bolsheviks Take Over Russia 1917–1924 (Enigma Books, 2010), p. 246
  45. Joshua Stoff, Aviation Firsts: 336 Questions and Answers (Courier Dover Publications, 2000), p. 28
  46. Loren Coleman and Patrick Huyghe, The Field Guide to Lake Monsters, Sea Serpents, and Other Mystery Denizens of the Deep (Penguin Books, 2003)
  47. Jana Bommersbach, The Trunk Murderess (Poisoned Pen Press, 1992)
  48. "Widespread Changes Made In State College System", Waycross Journal-Herald, April 17, 1933, p. 5
  49. Phinizy Spalding, The History of the Medical College of Georgia (University of Georgia Press, 2011), pp. 157–9
  50. "Death Lays Hand on Bob Carey, Speedway King, as 28-year-old Driver Seeks New Championship", St. Petersburg (FL) Independent, April 17, 1933, p. 5
  51. "Army Recruited from Idle Men", Popular Science (July 1934), p. 49
  52. Errol Lincoln Uys, Riding the Rails: Teenagers on the Move During the Great Depression (Routledge, 2003), p. 27
  53. "100 Hurt as Fascists Attack Romanian Jews; Police Jail 20". Chicago Daily Tribune . April 19, 1933. p. 1.
  54. "ROOSEVELT BEGINS INFLATION; TAKES U. S. OFF GOLD BASIS", Milwaukee Sentinel, April 19, 1933, p. 1
  55. Adam Zwass, Market, Plan & State: The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Two World Economic Systems (M.E. Sharpe, 1987), p. 14
  56. Ross E. Catterall and Derek H. Aldcroft, Exchange Rates and Economic Policy in the 20th Century (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2004), p. 83
  57. Abraham Hoffman, Unwanted Mexican Americans in the Great Depression: Repatriation Pressures, 1929–1939 (University of Arizona Press, 1974), pp. 140–1
  58. "Boston Marathon Yearly Synopses (1897–2013)". John Hancock Financial . Retrieved July 24, 2015.
  59. Richard J. Evans, The Third Reich in Power (Penguin, 2006), p. 122
  60. Nicolas Werth, Cannibal Island: Death in a Siberian Gulag (Princeton University Press, 2007)
  61. "Amelia Earhart Takes Mrs. Roosevelt Flying", Milwaukee Sentinel, April 22, 1933, p. 22
  62. "Bill Lancaster: Lost in the Sahara After Attempting to Break the England-Cape Town Flight Speed Record", Historynet.com, June 12, 2006
  63. Official Congressional Directory, 2009–2010: 111th Congress, Convened January 2009 (Government Printing Office, 2010), p. 572
  64. Boria Sax, Animals in the Third Reich: Pets, Scapegoats, and the Holocaust (Continuum International, 2000), pp. 110–1
  65. Catherine Reef, Education and Learning in America (Infobase Publishing, 2009), p. 161
  66. Vicki Caron, Uneasy Asylum: France and the Jewish Refugee Crisis, 1933–1942 (Stanford University Press, 2002), p. 31
  67. Tom D. Crouch, Wings: A History of Aviation from Kites to the Space Age (W. W. Norton & Company, 2004), pp. 293–4
  68. Dietrich Orlow, The Nazi Party 1919–1945: A Complete History (Enigma Books, 2007), p. 260
  69. Dick Richardson and Glyn Stone, eds., Decisions and Diplomacy: Essays in Twentieth Century International History (Routledge, 1995), p. 118
  70. Ohio Museum of Transportation
  71. Joseph M. Speakman, At Work in Penn's Woods: The Civilian Conservation Corps in Pennsylvania (Penn State Press, 2006), p. 135
  72. Margarete Limberg and Hubert Rübsaat, Germans No More: Accounts of Jewish Everyday Life, 1933–1938 (Berghahn Books, 2006), pp. 17–8
  73. Detlef Garbe, Between Resistance and Martyrdom: Jehovah's Witnesses in the Third Reich (University of Wisconsin Press, 2008) pp 73–83
  74. "Soviet Ship Sunk in an Arctic Gale", Milwaukee Journal, May 7, 1933, p. 1
  75. William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany (Simon and Schuster, 1959), p. 270
  76. Franco Mantovani and Andrzej J. Kus, The Role of VLBI in Astrophysics, Astrometry and Geodesy (Springer, 2004), p. 1
  77. "New Radio Waves Traced to Centre of the Milky Way", New York Times, May 5, 1933, p. 1
  78. David A. Mindell, Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics (JHU Press, 2004), p. 132
  79. "MARTIAL LAW AT LE MARS", Dubuque (IA) Telegraph-Herald, April 28, 1933, p. 1
  80. "Law Settles With Farmers Who Beat Judge", Dubuque (IA) Telegraph-Herald, July 20, 1933, p. 1
  81. Heinrich Fraenkel, The German People Versus Hitler (Taylor & Francis US, 2010)
  82. Mary Henle, 1879 and All That: Essays in the Theory and History of Psychology (Columbia University Press, 1986) pp. 227–9
  83. Robert Gellately, Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe (Random House Digital, 2009), p. 242
  84. Ijaz Hussain, Dissenting and Separate Opinions at the World Court (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1984), p. 113
  85. Alicia Hernández Chávez, Mexico: A Brief History (University of California Press, 2006), p. 249
  86. "Peru's Chief Slain by Shot", Milwaukee Journal, May 1, 1933, p. 1
  87. Christine Hünefeldt, A Brief History of Peru (Infobase Publishing, 2004), p. 200
  88. Timothy Ferris, The Science of Liberty: Democracy, Reason, and the Laws of Nature (HarperCollins, 2011), p. 336
  89. Iván T. Berend, Decades of crisis: Central and Eastern Europe before World War II (University of California Press, 2001), p. 304