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The earliest texts of William Shakespeare's works were published during the 16th and 17th centuries in quarto or folio format. Folios are large, tall volumes; quartos are smaller, roughly half the size. The publications of the latter are usually abbreviated to Q1, Q2, etc., where the letter stands for "quarto" and the number for the first, second, or third edition published.
The Ur-Hamlet is a play by an unknown author, thought to be either Thomas Kyd or William Shakespeare. No copy of the play, dated by scholars to the second half of 1587, survives today. The play was staged in London, more specifically at The Theatre in Shoreditch as recalled by Elizabethan author Thomas Lodge. It includes a character named Hamlet; the only other known character from the play is a ghost who, according to Thomas Lodge in his 1596 publication Wits Misery and the Worlds Madnesse, cries "Hamlet, revenge!"
This article presents a possible chronological listing of the composition of the plays of William Shakespeare.
The Shakespeare apocrypha is a group of plays and poems that have sometimes been attributed to William Shakespeare, but whose attribution is questionable for various reasons. The issue is not to be confused with the debate on Shakespearean authorship, which questions the authorship of the works traditionally attributed to Shakespeare.
David Martin Bevington was an American literary scholar. He was the Phyllis Fay Horton Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in the Humanities and in English Language & Literature, Comparative Literature, and the college at the University of Chicago, where he taught since 1967, as well as chair of Theatre and Performance Studies. "One of the most learned and devoted of Shakespeareans," so called by Harold Bloom, he specialized in British drama of the Renaissance, and edited and introduced the complete works of William Shakespeare in both the 29-volume, Bantam Classics paperback editions and the single-volume Longman edition. After accomplishing this feat, Bevington was often cited as the only living scholar to have personally edited Shakespeare's complete corpus.
Sonnet 23 is one of a sequence of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare, and is a part of the Fair Youth sequence.
Sonnet 24 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare, and is a part of the Fair Youth sequence.
Sonnet 31 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a sonnet within the Fair Youth sequence. Developing an idea introduced at the end of Sonnet 30, this poem figures the young man's superiority in terms of the possession of all the love the speaker has ever experienced.
Alfred William Pollard, FBA was an English bibliographer, widely credited for bringing a higher level of scholarly rigor to the study of Shakespearean texts.
A bad quarto, in Shakespearean scholarship, is a quarto-sized printed edition of one of Shakespeare's plays that is considered to be unauthorised, and is theorised to have been pirated from a theatrical performance without permission by someone in the audience writing it down as it was spoken or, alternatively, written down later from memory by an actor or group of actors in the cast – the latter process has been termed "memorial reconstruction". Since the quarto derives from a performance, hence lacks a direct link to the author's original manuscript, the text would be expected to be "bad", i.e. to contain corruptions, abridgements and paraphrasings.
Shakespeare's editors were essential in the development of the modern practice of producing printed books and the evolution of textual criticism.
Shakespeare's Sonnet 69, like many of those nearby in the sequence, expresses extremes of feelings about the beloved subject, who is presented as at once superlative in every way and treacherous or disloyal.
William Shakespeare's style of writing was borrowed from the conventions of the day and adapted to his needs.
Thomas Pavier was a London publisher and bookseller of the early seventeenth century. His complex involvement in the publication of early editions of some of Shakespeare's plays, as well as plays of the Shakespeare Apocrypha, has left him with a "dubious reputation."
What follows is an overview of the main characters in William Shakespeare's Hamlet, followed by a list and summary of the minor characters from the play. Three different early versions of the play survive: known as the First Quarto ("Q1"), Second Quarto ("Q2"), and First Folio ("F1"), each has lines—and even scenes—missing in the others, and some character names vary.
Over 30 years ago a renowned Hamlet scholar expressed his astonishment that some 400 works a year dealing with the play were being received at the Shakespeare Quarterly. The rate of Hamlet studies has increased quite considerably since then. To make any headway in the study of any aspect of Hamlet, the use of bibliographies—annotated, if at all possible—is often necessary. The most up-to-date resource is the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C.; their publication, the Shakespeare Quarterly, has one issue per year devoted entirely to bibliography. As to their on-line searching, a search of the keyword "Hamlet" in Folger's web-based catalog, HamnetArchived 19 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine returned 2245 entries; the result does not include the number of entries in the library's card-catalog.
The Downfall of Robert Earl of Huntington and The Death of Robert Earl of Huntington are two closely related Elizabethan-era stage plays on the Robin Hood legend, that were written by Anthony Munday in 1598 and published in 1601. They are among the relatively few surviving examples of the popular drama acted by the Admiral's Men during the Shakespearean era.
John D. Jowett is an English Shakespeare scholar and editor. He is the Professor of Shakespeare Studies at the University of Birmingham and Deputy Director of the Shakespeare Institute.
Harold Jenkins, FBA is described as "one of the foremost Shakespeare scholars of his century".
The Cambridge Shakespeare is a long-running series of critical editions of William Shakespeare's works published by Cambridge University Press. The name encompasses three distinct series: The Cambridge Shakespeare (1863–1866), The New Shakespeare (1921–1969), and The New Cambridge Shakespeare (1984–present).
References
- ↑ Arden Shakespeare Twitter account. Retrieved January 23, 2020
- ↑ "The Arden Shakespeare Fourth Series". Bloomsbury Publishing. August 2024. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
The Arden Shakespeare Fourth Series succeeds the Third Series of Shakespeare's Plays, Poems and Sonnets, publishing from 2026 onwards in print and in digital editions.
- ↑ Juliet Dusinberre, introduction to "As You Like It", Arden Shakespeare, Third Edition
- ↑ General Editors' Preference, The Tempest , Arden Shakespeare, 3rd Series, 1999
- ↑ Copyright page, "The Tempest", edited by Frank Kermode, Arden 2nd Series, 1954
- ↑ General Preface, King Lear , The Arden Shakespeare, copyrighted 1917
- ↑ General Editor's Preface by Una Ellis-Fermor, dated 1951, as printed in Macbeth , Arden Shakespeare, 2nd Series
- ↑ The works of Shakespeare: London, Methuen [1899–1930]. Arden Shakespeare. Stanford University Library. 1899. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
- ↑ Copyright page, "Macbeth", edited by Kenneth Muir, Arden 2nd Series, printed 1994
- ↑ GenPref2
- ↑ See "Coriolanus", Arden Shakespeare, Third Series (published February 2013)
- ↑ Preface, "Hamlet", Arden 3rd Series
- ↑ "Hamlet, the Texts of 1603 and 1623", Arden Shakespeare, 3rd Series.
- ↑ xxi
- ↑ Bloomsbury 11th printing (2017) p. xxi
- ↑ Bloomsbury Publishing Website. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ↑ Bloomsbury Publishing Website. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
- ↑ Deliyannides, Andrew. "Peter Holland Named General Editor of The Arden Shakespeare", University of Notre Dame, March 3, 2015.
- ↑ "The Arden Shakespeare Fourth Series". Bloomsbury Publishing. August 2024. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
