Brixton (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Brixton
Former borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Brixton1885.png
Brixton in London 1885–1918
County Greater London
1885–1974 (1974)
SeatsOne
Created from Lambeth
Replaced by Lambeth Central

Brixton was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Brixton district of South London. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first-past-the-post system.

Contents

History

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished for the February 1974 general election, when it was largely replaced by the new Lambeth Central constituency.

Boundaries

1885–1918

Lambeth Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg

The constituency was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, when the existing two-member Parliamentary Borough of Lambeth was divided into four single-member divisions. [1] [2] The seat, formally known as Lambeth, Brixton Division, comprised part of the civil parish of Lambeth, and was defined in terms of the wards used for elections to the parish vestry under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 as follows:

1918–1950

Brixton in London 1918-50 Brixton1918.png
Brixton in London 1918–50

The Representation of the People Act 1918 redrew constituencies throughout Great Britain and Ireland. In London, the seats were redefined in terms of the wards of the Metropolitan Boroughs of the County of London, which had been created in 1900. Accordingly, the constituency was defined as consisting of the following areas of the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth:

1950–1974

Brixton in London 1950-74 Brixton1950.png
Brixton in London 1950–74

The final boundary change was made by the Representation of the People Act 1948, and came into effect at the 1950 general election. The 1948 Act introduced the term "borough constituency". Due to a population decrease in Lambeth, the number of constituencies in the borough was reduced from four to three. The new Lambeth Brixton Borough Constituency was defined as consisting of four wards of the metropolitan borough as they existed at the end of 1947:

Local government was completely reorganised in Greater London in 1965, and the metropolitan borough was abolished to be replaced by the larger London Borough of Lambeth. However these changes were not reflected in parliamentary boundaries until the general election of 1974. The Brixton constituency was largely replaced by the new seat of Lambeth Central [2]

Members of Parliament

ElectionMemberParty
1885 Ernest Baggallay Conservative
1887 by-election Marquess of Carmarthen, later became The 10th Duke of Leeds in December 1895 Conservative
1896 by-election Evelyn Hubbard Conservative
1900 by-election Sir Robert Mowbray Conservative
1906 Joel Seaverns Liberal
1910 Davison Dalziel, later Baron Dalziel Conservative
1923 Frederick Joseph Laverack Liberal
1924 Davison Dalziel, later Baron Dalziel Unionist
1927 by-election Nigel Colman Conservative
1945 Marcus Lipton Labour
Feb 1974 constituency abolished: see Lambeth Central

Elections

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ernest Baggallay 3,427 55.4
Liberal William Blake Odgers2,76244.6
Majority66510.8
Turnout 6,18977.7
Registered electors 7,963
Conservative win (new seat)
General election 1886: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ernest Baggallay 3,300 63.6 +8.2
Liberal Montagu Hughes Cookson1,88636.4−8.2
Majority1,41427.2+16.4
Turnout 5,18665.1−12.6
Registered electors 7,963
Conservative hold Swing +8.2

Baggallay resigned after being appointed a Metropolitan Police Magistrate, causing a by-election.

By-election, 19 Jul 1887: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative George Osborne 3,307 56.3 −7.3
Liberal James Hill2,56943.7+7.3
Majority73812.6−14.6
Turnout 5,87669.5+4.4
Registered electors 8,455
Conservative hold Swing -7.3

Elections in the 1890s

Richard Stapley 1893 Richard Stapley.jpg
Richard Stapley
General election 1892: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative George Osborne 4,061 55.9 −7.7
Liberal Richard Stapley 3,20444.1+7.7
Majority85711.8−15.4
Turnout 7,26574.2+9.1
Registered electors 9,789
Conservative hold Swing +7.7
General election 1895: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative George Osborne 4,199 65.6 +9.7
Liberal Sir Robert Garnett Head, 3rd Baronet2,19934.4−9.7
Majority2,00031.2+19.4
Turnout 6,39862.4−11.8
Registered electors 10,253
Conservative hold Swing +9.7
1896 Brixton by-election [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Evelyn Hubbard 4,493 67.8 +2.2
Liberal E.W. Nunn2,13132.2−2.2
Majority2,36235.6+4.4
Turnout 6,62464.1+1.7
Registered electors 10,327
Conservative hold Swing +2.2

Elections in the 1900s

1900 Brixton by-election [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Robert Mowbray Unopposed
Registered electors 10,666
Conservative hold
General election 1900: Brixton [5] [ page needed ]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Robert Mowbray Unopposed
Registered electors 10,666
Conservative hold
General election 1906: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Joel Seaverns 4,521 51.6 New
Conservative Davison Dalziel 4,23548.4N/A
Majority2863.2N/A
Turnout 8,75679.5N/A
Registered electors 11,010
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Davison Dalziel 5,465 55.2 +6.8
Liberal Joel Seaverns 4,42744.8−6.8
Majority1,03810.4N/A
Turnout 9,89286.5+7.0
Registered electors 11,442
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +6.8
General election December 1910: Brixton [5]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Davison Dalziel 4,770 56.3 +1.1
Liberal Joel Seaverns 3,70243.7−1.1
Majority1,06812.6+2.2
Turnout 8,47274.0−12.5
Registered electors 11,442
Conservative hold Swing +1.1

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

General election 1918: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Davison Dalziel 9,90261.3+5.0
NFDDSS Stephen Kelley3,64122.6New
Liberal Horace Norton2,59416.1−27.6
Majority6,26138.7+26.1
Turnout 37,74542.8−31.2
Unionist hold Swing +17.3
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1922: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Davison Dalziel 11,284 54.8 −6.5
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 9,31645.2+29.1
Majority1,9689.6−29.1
Turnout 20,60052.8+10.0
Registered electors 39,004
Unionist hold Swing −17.8
General election 1923: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 10,881 53.5 +8.3
Unionist Davison Dalziel 9,47646.5−8.3
Majority1,4057.0N/A
Turnout 20,35751.9−0.9
Registered electors 39,189
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +8.3
General election 1924: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Davison Dalziel 15,755 56.6 +10.1
Labour James Adams7,21025.9New
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 4,87117.5−36.0
Majority8,54530.7N/A
Turnout 28,09969.4+17.5
Registered electors 40,134
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +18.9
1927 Brixton by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Nigel Colman 10,35848.1−8.5
Labour James Adams6,03228.0+2.1
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 5,13423.9+6.4
Majority4,32620.1−10.6
Turnout 21,52453.9−15.5
Registered electors 39,953
Unionist hold Swing −5.3
General election 1929: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Nigel Colman 14,252 44.9 −11.7
Labour A.B. Bishop10,08931.7+5.8
Liberal Arthur Stanley Quick7,43823.4+5.9
Majority4,16313.2−17.5
Turnout 31,77962.4−7.0
Registered electors 50,956
Unionist hold Swing −8.8

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1931: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nigel Colman 24,673 77.0 +32.1
Labour Edward Albert Radice7,35823.0−8.7
Majority17,31554.0+40.8
Turnout 52,56960.9−1.5
Conservative hold Swing +20.4
General election 1935: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nigel Colman 17,414 57.6 −19.4
Labour Marcus Lipton 10,90836.1+13.1
Liberal Arthur Stanley Quick1,9116.3New
Majority6,50621.5−32.5
Turnout 51,71358.5+2.4
Conservative hold Swing -16.3

General Election 1939–40

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Brixton [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 15,583 63.6 +27.5
Conservative Nigel Colman 8,92836.4−21.2
Majority6,65527.2N/A
Turnout 37,49365.4+6.9
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +24.4

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1950: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 24,015 52.8 −10.8
Conservative Anthony Herbert Foord18,95741.7+5.3
Liberal Enid Lakeman 2,5275.5New
Majority5,05811.1−16.1
Turnout 56,08281.1+15.7
Labour hold Swing -8.1
General election 1951: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 24,776 56.1 +3.3
Conservative Patricia M. Marlowe19,42343.9+2.2
Majority5,35312.2+1.1
Turnout 55,36279.8−1.3
Labour hold Swing +0.6
General election 1955: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 20,594 57.0 +0.9
Conservative William Roots 15,55943.0−0.9
Majority5,03514.0+1.8
Turnout 53,04568.2−11.6
Labour hold Swing +0.9
General election 1959: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 18,117 53.1 −3.9
Conservative Brian Warren16,00546.9+3.9
Majority2,1126.2−7.8
Turnout 52,26165.3−2.9
Labour hold Swing -3.9

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1964: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 16,518 58.1 +5.0
Conservative Kenneth P. Payne11,93441.9−5.0
Majority4,58416.2+10.0
Turnout 49,90357.0−8.3
Labour hold Swing +5.0
General election 1966: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 16,634 61.3 +3.2
Conservative Piers Dixon 10,50038.7−3.2
Majority6,13422.6+6.4
Turnout 47,61557.00.0
Labour hold Swing +3.2

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1970: Brixton [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 13,053 57.3 −4.0
Conservative James W. Harkess9,72742.7+4.0
Majority3,32614.6−8.0
Turnout 43,37252.5−4.5
Labour hold Swing -4.0

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References

  1. 1 2 Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, (48 & 49 Vict.) C 23, Sixth Schedule: Divisions of Boroughs. Number, Names, Contents and Boundaries of Divisions.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Youngs, Frederic A Jr. (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society. pp. 743, 764. ISBN   0-901050-67-9.
  3. ↑ Representation of the People Act 1918, Ninth Schedule, Redistribution of Seats, Part I: Parliamentary Boroughs (I) London
  4. ↑ Representation of the People Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6.) C. 65, First Schedule, Parliamentary Constituencies.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. p. 29. ISBN   9781349022984.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949, FWS Craig
  7. ↑ Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 British Parliamentary Election Results 1950–1973, FWS Craig
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