Civil defense or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state from human-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, or emergency evacuation and recovery. Programs of this sort were initially discussed at least as early as the 1920s and were implemented in some countries during the 1930s as the threat of war and aerial bombardment grew. Civil-defense structures became widespread after authorities recognised the threats posed by nuclear weapons.
Counterterrorism, also known as anti-terrorism, relates to the practices, military tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, law enforcement, businesses, and intelligence agencies use to combat or eliminate terrorism.
Emergency management or disaster management is the managerial function charged with creating the framework within which communities reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with disasters. Emergency management, despite its name, does not actually focus on the management of emergencies, which can be understood as minor events with limited impacts and are managed through the day-to-day functions of a community. Instead, emergency management focuses on the management of disasters, which are events that produce more impacts than a community can handle on its own. The management of disasters tends to require some combination of activity from individuals and households, organizations, local, and/or higher levels of government. Although many different terminologies exist globally, the activities of emergency management can be generally categorized into preparedness, response, mitigation, and recovery, although other terms such as disaster risk reduction and prevention are also common. The outcome of emergency management is to prevent disasters and where this is not possible, to reduce their harmful impacts.
The Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, also known as the Ministry of Emergency Situations or internationally as EMERCOM, is a Russian government agency overseeing the civil emergency services in Russia.
In times of crisis and natural disasters, amateur radio is often used as a means of emergency communication when wireline, cell phones and other conventional means of communications fail.
The Maine Department of Defense, Veterans, and Emergency Management (DVEM) is a government agency in Maine. It comprises the two components of the Maine National Guard, the Maine Army National Guard and the Maine Air National Guard, the Bureau of Veterans' Affairs, the Maine Emergency Management Agency, and when it is active, the Maine State Guard. The Adjutant General of Maine, Brigadier General Doug A. Farnham, commands the Maine National Guard and serves as the State's Commissioner of Defense, Veterans, and Emergency Management (DVEM). The Maine Army and Air National Guard has responded to every call of the State and Nation since before the Revolutionary War. Their soldiers and airmen are trained to high standards and are ready to respond to combat missions, domestic emergencies, counterdrug efforts, reconstruction missions and more.
The Home Front Command is an Israel Defense Forces military district command, created in February 1992 in response to the lessons of the Gulf War, which was the first war since the 1948 Arab–Israeli War in which centers of civilian population faced significant threat. The command is responsible for civil defense: preparing the civilian population for a conflict or disaster, assisting the population during the crisis, and contributing to post-crisis reconstruction.
Russian State Fire Service is the highest fire service body of Russian Federation. A part of the Ministry of Emergency Situations since 2001, the State Fire Service is divided into the Federal Fire Service and the Fire Service of the Federal subjects of Russia.
The counter-terrorism page primarily deals with special police or military organizations that carry out arrest or direct combat with terrorists. This page deals with the other aspects of counter-terrorism:
Civil defense in Israel deals with a variety of military and terrorist threats to the civilian population, which have included concealed bombs such as suicide bombings and car bombs, projectiles such as missiles, rockets and mortars, and hijacking of aircraft, buses and buildings. Threats have originated in all countries and territories bordering Israel, as well as Iraq, and an Israeli civil airliner was attacked with missiles in Kenya. Perceived threats that have not materialized to date include sustained interruption of the economy, nuclear attack from Iran, and chemical or biological attack from Iraq or elsewhere.
Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) is the process by which United States military assets and personnel can be used to assist in missions normally carried out by civil authorities. These missions have included: responses to natural and man-made disasters, law enforcement support, special events, and other domestic activities. A recent example of the use of DSCA is the military response to Hurricane Katrina. DSCA is the overarching guidance of how the United States military can be requested by a federal agency and the procedures that govern the actions of the military during employment.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations of Azerbaijan Republic is the central executive body within the cabinet of Azerbaijan Republic responsible for protecting the population from natural and manmade disasters. The ministry is headed by Kamaladdin Heydarov.
Vladimir Andreyevich Puchkov is a Russian politician who served as Minister of Emergency Situations from May 2012 to May 2018.
Many countries around the world have civil defense organizations dedicated to protecting civilians from military attacks and providing rescue services after widespread disasters. In most countries, civil defense is a government-managed and often volunteer-staffed organization.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations is the government agency overseeing emergency services in Uzbekistan. It is responsible for aiding the people of Uzbekistan and protecting them during natural disasters, overseeing emergency measures, and coordination of other ministries and departments in such events.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations of Belarus is a government agency overseeing emergency services in Belarus. It is responsible for protecting the Belarusian people during natural disasters. It is located on Revaliucyjnaja Street in Minsk. The Ministry for Emergency Situations was established in accordance a decree of President Alexander Lukashenko on September 23, 1994.
The Minister of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, also known as the Minister of Emergency Situations, is the head of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. The Minister of Emergency Situations is one of the five so-called 'presidential' ministers, along with the ministers of defense, interior, foreign affairs and justice. Although they are members of the Cabinet, they are directly subordinate to the President.
The National Emergency Management Agency or NEMA is a paramilitary government agency overseeing emergency services in Mongolia. It was established with the duty to conduct nationwide post-disaster activities. It is similar to the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. It is responsible for developing environmental legislation as well as managing the fall out from natural disasters and conducting rescue work.
Martial law in Russia is defined in Russian law as a special legal regime that is introduced in conditions of external aggression or its threat. In this way, it differs from the state of emergency, which is introduced in the event of an internal threat such as an attempted coup, unrest or disaster. Martial law should also be distinguished from the State of War- a term that refers to the period between the outbreak of hostilities and their end. The procedure for introducing and abolishing martial law in Russia is defined in the federal constitutional law “On Martial Law” (2002). In modern Russia, martial law was introduced on 19 October 2022 during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine in the annexed regions of Ukraine, which by then were unilaterally declared by the whole state apparatus to be new federal subjects of Russia.
The Civil Defence Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia is a state institution for the training of highly qualified specialists in the Ministry of Emergency Situations. As part of the Russian Emergencies Ministry, the academy trains troops for the service of the country's civil defence forces and disaster response services. It was founded in 1992 and is located in Khimki, very close to Moscow.
