The Dutch government-in-exile, also known as the London Cabinet, was the government in exile of the Netherlands, supervised by Queen Wilhelmina, that fled to London after the German invasion of the country during World War II on 10 May 1940. The government had control over the Free Dutch Forces.
The Anti-Revolutionary Party was a Protestant conservative and Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1879 by Abraham Kuyper, a neo-Calvinist theologian and minister. In 1980 the party merged with the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the Christian Historical Union (CHU) to form the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).
JonkheerDirk Jan de Geer was a Dutch politician of the Christian Historical Union who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 8 March 1926 until 10 August 1929 and from 10 August 1939 until 3 September 1940.
The Free-thinking Democratic League was a progressive liberal political party in the Netherlands. Established in 1901, it played a relatively large role in Dutch politics, supplying one Prime Minister, Wim Schermerhorn. The League is a predecessor of two of the major Dutch political parties, the conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and the social democratic Labour Party (PvdA). The social liberal Democrats 66 also claims that it and the VDB are ideologically connected.
The Christian Historical Union was a Protestant Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The CHU is one of the predecessors of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), into which it merged in September 1980.
The Schermerhorn–Drees cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 25 June 1945 until 3 July 1946. The cabinet was formed by the christian-democratic Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), the social-democratic Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and the social-liberal Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) by royal decree following the end of World War II. The cabinet was a provisional centre-left grand coalition and had a substantial majority in the House of Representatives, with prominent civil engineer Willem Schermerhorn of the Free-thinking Democratic League serving as Prime Minister. Social Democratic Leader Willem Drees served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Social Affairs.
Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy was a Dutch politician and jurist who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 3 September 1940 until 25 June 1945. He oversaw the government-in-exile based in London under Queen Wilhelmina during the German occupation of the Netherlands. He was a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP).
The Roman Catholic State Party was a Catholic Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1926 as a continuation of the General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses. During its entire existence, the party was in government. In 1945 the party became the Catholic People's Party (KVP).
This article gives an overview of Christian democracy in the Netherlands, which is also called confessionalism, including political Catholicism and Protestantism. It is limited to Christian democratic parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme.
Roman/Red is the nickname for a period in Dutch politics between approximately 1945 and 1958. This period was characterized by coalitions between the Catholic and social-democratic parties in the Netherlands and Belgium. "Roman" refers to the parties with Roman Catholic affiliation, and "red" refers to the colour associated with social democrats. During the Roman/Red period, the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the social-democratic Labour Party (PvdA) formed the core of several 'Roman/Red' cabinets, led primarily by Willem Drees.
Jacobus Albertus Wilhelmus "Jaap" Burger was a Dutch politician of the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later co-founder of the Labour Party (PvdA) and jurist. He was granted the honorary title of Minister of State on 4 January 1975.
The Third Gerbrandy cabinet, also called the Fourth London cabinet, was the Dutch government-in-exile from 23 February 1945 until 25 June 1945. The cabinet was formed by the political parties Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) following the resignation of the Second Gerbrandy cabinet on 27 January 1945. The national unity government (War cabinet) was the last of four war cabinets of the government-in-exile in London during World War II.
The Second Gerbrandy cabinet, also called the Third London cabinet was the Dutch government-in-exile from 27 July 1941 until 23 February 1945. The cabinet was formed by the political parties Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), Christian Historical Union (CHU), Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) and the Liberal State Party (LSP) following the resignation of First Gerbrandy cabinet on 12 June 1941. The national unity government (War cabinet) was the third of four war cabinets of the government-in-exile in London during World War II.
Charles Joseph Ignace Marie Welter was a Dutch politician and diplomat of the General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses, later the Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and founder of Catholic National Party (KNP) before rejoining the Catholic People's Party and nonprofit director.
The Second De Geer cabinet, also called the First London cabinet, was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 10 August 1939 until 3 September 1940. The cabinet was formed by the political parties Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP), Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), Christian Historical Union (CHU) and the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) following the dismissal of the Fifth Colijn cabinet by Queen Wilhelmina on 27 July 1939. The national unity government became a War cabinet on 14 May 1940 following the German invasion and fled to London. The government-in-exile was dismissed by Queen Wilhelmina on 26 August 1940.
Johan Willem Albarda was a Dutch politician of the defunct Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later co-founder of the Labour Party (PvdA) and civil engineer.
Arie Adriaan "Aat" van Rhijn was a Dutch politician of the defunct Christian Historical Union (CHU) party and later of the Labour Party (PvdA) and jurist.
The Nationaal Comité Handhaving Rijkseenheid, fully the Nationaal Comité tot Handhaving der Rijkseenheid, commonly shortened to Comité Rijkseenheid was an extra-parliamentary action group in the Netherlands that unsuccessfully appealed the 1946 Linggadjati Agreement between the Dutch government and the Republic of Indonesia regarding the exercise of authority over the Dutch East Indies. Enjoying wide support, in 1947 there were more than 250 local Committee meetings throughout the Netherlands, and by July 1947 it was able to collect 236,000 signatures for a petition.
A cabinet formation took place in Netherlands after the general election of 3 July 1918. The formation led to the swearing-in of the first Ruijs de Beerenbrouck cabinet on 9 September 1918, compromising the Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Christian Historical Union (CHU).
A cabinet formation took place in the Netherlands after the first Ruijs de Beerenbrouck cabinet tendered its resignation on 16 June 1921. The resignation was prompted by ministerial crises involving Finance Minister Simon de Vries Czn and War Minister Willem Frederik Pop. During the formation, Prime Minister and formateur Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck selected Dirk Jan de Geer and Jannes van Dijk as their replacements. Additionally, the right-wing parties forming the cabinet — the Roman Catholic State Party (RKSP), the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), and the Christian Historical Union (CHU) — reached an agreement on the substantive issues underlying the crises. The two new ministers were sworn in on 28 July 1921, marking the end of the formation.
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