Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic

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Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic
FMFLANT (official).jpg
The official seal of the Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic
Active16 December 1946 present
CountryFlag of the United States.svg  United States of America
TypeMaritime general and special purpose landing force
Role Amphibious warfare, expeditionary warfare
Part ofFlag of the United States Marine Corps.svg  United States Marine Corps
Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy
Garrison/HQ NAVSTA Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.
Commanders
Current
commander
LtGen Roberta L. Shea

The Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic (FMFLANT) is an American maritime landing force that is spread across the Atlantic Ocean. It is headquartered at Naval Station Norfolk and directs and commands all the subordinate elements of the Navy Expeditionary Strike Force and Marine Air-Ground Task Force components that follow under the 2nd (Disestablished and merged with US Fleet Forces Command on 30 September 2011), 4th, and 6th Fleet and the Marine Forces Command (MarForCom). The Commanding General of Marine Forces Command is dual-posted as the Commanding General of the Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic. FMFLANT is under operational control of the Commander-in-Chief, United States Fleet Forces Command, when deployed.

Contents

History

The Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, traces its history to the Advanced Base Force, created in the early 1900s. In the early 1920s, the Marine Corps began developing the advanced base doctrine from a defensive posture to one that included offensive amphibious operations. The units of the Advanced Base Force became the East Coast Expeditionary Force in 1921, during the reforms made to the Marine Corps structure by Commandant John Lejeune, to emphasize the more offensive nature of its potential operations. [1] As the expeditionary warfare concept developed, in December 1933 the Fleet Marine Force was established, [2] with one brigade at Quantico, Virginia, and one in San Diego, California. [3] In 1941, the Fleet Marine Force became a training command and two field commands, the Amphibious Corps, Atlantic Fleet, and Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet, were created. [4]

The Basic Post-War Plan No. 2 was issued on 22 March 1946, which divided the Marine Corps into two Fleet Marine Force components: Atlantic (FMFLANT) and Pacific (FMFPAC). The Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, was activated with the commander of the 2nd Marine Division as its acting commanding general, and under the operational control of the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet, on 16 December 1946. [5] Its first headquarters was Camp Lejeune in North Carolina, before being moved to Norfolk, Virginia, in March 1947. On 13 July 1992, FMFLANT became part of Marine Corps Forces, Atlantic (MARFORLANT), which was renamed U.S. Marine Corps Forces Command (MARFORCOM) on 30 December 2005. [6]

From 1980, the commanding general of Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, was also the designated head of Fleet Marine Force, Europe, [7] which became Marine Corps Forces Europe (MARFOREUR) in 1994. [8] In the early 1990s, the post also became the designated commander of Marine Corps Forces South (MARFORSOUTH). [9] These were both "designate" headquarters, meaning they only had a minimal staff during peacetime that would become a larger full service component command only during operations. [10] Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, was nominally the commander of both. In 2008, MARFOREUR became a separate organization with its own dedicated commander, [11] and MARFORSOUTH did so in 2015. [12] From 1980 to 1997, the commanding general of FMFLANT also was the commanding general of II Marine Expeditionary Force. [7] [13]

Organization

Reporting directly to the Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic (CG FMFLANT) are the Commanding General, II Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF), the Commanding General, 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB), and the Commanding Officers of three Marine Expeditionary Units (22d, 24th, 26th MEUs). The Commanding General, II MEF, exercises operational control over the 2d Marine Division, the 2d Marine Aircraft Wing, and the 2d Marine Logistics Group.

Hierarchy of Fleet Marine Force units

Commander, United States Fleet Forces Command (COMFLTFORCOM)

Naval Support Activity
Norfolk, Virginia

Seal of the Commander of the United States Fleet Forces Command.svg

Marine Forces Command (MARFORCOM)

MARFORCOM.png
Landing Force, Second Fleet (LF2F)
Combined Task Force 22
(CTF-22)
United States Navy Second Fleet (insignia).gif Naval Station Norfolk
Norfolk, VA
Combined Task Force 23
(CTF-23)
II Marine Expeditionary Force
(II MEF)
IIMEFLogo.jpg MCB Camp Lejeune
North Carolina, United States

Marine Forces, South (MARFORSOUTH)

Marforsouth.png
Landing Force, Fourth Fleet (LF4F)
U.S. Southern Command
Miami, Florida
II Marine Expeditionary Force IIMEFLogo.jpg MCB Camp Lejeune
North Carolina, United States

Marine Forces, Europe (MARFOREUR)

Seal of United States Marine Corps Forces, Europe.png
Landing Force, Sixth Fleet (LF6F)
Task Force 61 Fleet-6.png Naval Support Activity Naples
Naples, Italy
Task Force 62
Task Force 68
II Marine Expeditionary Force IIMEFLogo.jpg MCB Camp Lejeune
North Carolina, United States

List of commanders

No.CommanderTermRef
PortraitNameTook officeLeft officeTerm length
Commanding General FMFLANT [14]
-
WatsonTE USMC.jpg
Watson, Thomas E.Major General
Thomas E. Watson
(1892–1966)
Acting
16 December 19461 January 194716 days [14] [15]
1
Rockey, Keller E..jpg
Rockey, Keller E.Lieutenant General
Keller Rockey
(1888–1970)
1 January 19471 July 19492 years, 181 days [16]
2
LeRoy P. Hunt.jpg
Hunt, LeRoy P.Lieutenant General
LeRoy P. Hunt
(1892–1968)
1 July 19491 July 19512 years, 0 days [17]
3
ErskineGB Gen USMC.jpg
Erskine, Graves B.Lieutenant General
Graves B. Erskine
(1897–1973)
1 July 19511 July 19532 years, 0 days [18]
4
Oliver P. Smith.jpg
Smith, Oliver P.Lieutenant General
Oliver P. Smith
(1893–1977)
1 July 19531 September 19552 years, 62 days [19]
5
Noble AH.jpg
Noble, Alfred H.Lieutenant General
Alfred H. Noble
(1894–1983)
1 September 19551 November 19561 year, 61 days [20]
5
Robinson RA.jpg
Robinson, Ray A.Lieutenant General
Ray A. Robinson
(1896–1976)
1 November 19561 November 19571 year, 0 days [21]
6
Edwin A Pollock.jpg
Pollock, Edwin A.Lieutenant General
Edwin A. Pollock
(1899–1982)
1 November 19571 November 19592 years, 0 days [22]
7
Joseph C. Burger.jpg
Burger, Joseph C.Lieutenant General
Joseph C. Burger
(1902–1982)
1 November 19591 November 19612 years, 0 days [14]
8
Robert B. Luckey.jpg
Luckey, Robert B.Lieutenant General
Robert B. Luckey
(1905–1974)
1 November 19611 August 19631 year, 273 days [23]
9
James P. Berkeley.jpg
Berkeley, James P.Lieutenant General
James P. Berkeley
(1907–1995)
1 August 19631 July 19651 year, 334 days [14]
10
LtGen Bowser AlphaL USMC.jpg
Bowser, Alpha L.Lieutenant General
Alpha Bowser
(1910–2003)
1 July 19651 July 19672 years, 0 days [24]
11
Richard Garfield Weede.jpg
Weede, Richard G.Lieutenant General
Richard G. Weede
(1911–1985)
1 July 196731 August 19692 years, 61 days [25]
12
No image.png
Leek, Frederick E.Lieutenant General
Frederick E. Leek
(1914–1996)
31 August 19691 July 19711 year, 304 days [26]
13
Earl Edward Anderson.jpg
Anderson, Earl E.Lieutenant General
Earl E. Anderson
(1919–2015)
1 July 19711 April 1972275 days [27]
14
Axtell GC.jpg
Axtell, George C.Lieutenant General
George C. Axtell
(1920–2011)
1 April 19721 September 19742 years, 153 days [28]
15
No image.png
Nichols, Robert L.Lieutenant General
Robert L. Nichols
(1922–2001)
1 September 19741 October 19762 years, 30 days [14]
16
Gen Robert H. Barrow.JPG
Barrow Robert H.Lieutenant General
Robert H. Barrow
(1922–2008)
1 October 19761 July 19781 year, 273 days [29]
17
Lt. Gen. Ngo Quang Truong and BG E.J. Miller examine captured weapons, 8 September 1972.jpg
Miller Edward J.Lieutenant General
Edward Miller
(1922–1993)
1 July 19781 October 19802 years, 92 days [30]
Commanding General FMFLANT / II MEF / FMFEUR
18
No image.png
Schwenk Adolph G.Lieutenant General
Adolph G. Schwenk
(1922–2004)
1 October 19801 July 19821 year, 273 days [7]
19
John Harrison Miller.jpg
Miller John H.Lieutenant General
John H. Miller
(born 1925)
1 July 19821 September 19842 years, 62 days [14]
20
Official Portrait of Retired Gen. Alfred M. Gray (2) (cropped).jpg
Gray, Alfred M.Lieutenant General
Alfred M. Gray Jr.
(1928–2024)
1 September 19841 July 19872 years, 303 days [31]
-
No image.png
Comfort, Clayton L.Major General
Clayton L. Comfort
(1930–2004)
Acting
1 July 19871 September 198762 days [14]
21
No image.png
Cook Ernest T.Lieutenant General
Ernest T. Cook Jr.
(1935–2000)
1 July 19871 July 19903 years, 0 days [32] [33]
22
GEN Carl E. Mundy, Jr.JPG
Lieutenant General
Carl E. Mundy Jr.
(1935–2014)
1 July 199025 June 1991359 days [14]
Commanding General FMFLANT / II MEF / Commander MARFORLANT / MARFOREUR / MARFORSOUTH
23
Keys WM LTG.jpg
Keys, William M.Lieutenant General
William M. Keys
(born 1937)
25 June 19911 September 19943 years, 68 days [34]
24
LtGenRbtBJohnston USMC.jpg
Johnston, Robert B.Lieutenant General
Robert B. Johnston
(1937–2023)
1 September 1994August 1995334 days [35]
25
LtGen Charles E. Wilhelm.jpg
Wilhelm, Charles E.Lieutenant General
Charles E. Wilhelm
(born 1941)
August 199523 November 19972 years, 114 days [36]
Commanding General FMFLANT / Commander MARFORLANT / MARFOREUR / MARFORSOUTH
26
LtGen Peter Pace.gif
Pace, PeterLieutenant General
Peter Pace
(born 1945)
23 November 19978 September 20002 years, 290 days [13]
27
LtGen Raymond P. Ayres Jr.jpg
Ayres, Raymond P.Lieutenant General
Raymond P. Ayres
(born 1944)
8 September 200015 August 20021 year, 341 days
28
LtGen Martin R. Berndt.jpg
Berndt, Martin R.Lieutenant General
Martin R. Berndt
(born 1941)
15 August 200215 August 20053 years, 0 days [37]
Commanding General FMFLANT / Commander MARFORCOM / MARFOREUR / MARFORSOUTH
29
RR Blackman USMC.jpeg
Blackman, Robert R. Jr.Lieutenant General
Robert R. Blackman Jr.
(born 1948)
15 August 200518 July 20071 year, 337 days [38]
Commanding General FMFLANT / Commander MARFORCOM / MARFORSOUTH
30
Lt. Gen. Joseph F. Weber.jpg
Weber, Joseph F.Lieutenant General
Joseph F. Weber
(born 1950)
18 July 20071 August 20081 year, 14 days [39]
31
LtGen Richard F. Natonski (2).jpg
Natonski, Richard F.Lieutenant General
Richard F. Natonski
(born 1951)
1 August 200817 August 20102 years, 16 days
32
LtGen Dennis Hejlik.jpg
Hejik, Dennis J.Lieutenant General
Dennis J. Hejlik
(born 1947)
17 August 201020 July 20121 year, 338 days [40] [41]
33
LtGen John M. Paxton Jr. (2).jpg
Paxton, John M. Jr.Lieutenant General
John M. Paxton Jr.
(born 1951)
20 July 201213 December 2012146 days [41] [42]
-
William B. Crowe (2).jpg
Crowe, W. BlakeBrigadier General
W. Blake Crowe
(born 1967)
Acting
13 December 201228 June 2013197 days
34
Lt. Gen. Richard T. Tryon, USMC.jpg
Tryon, Richard T.Lieutenant General
Richard T. Tryon
(born c.1954)
28 June 20131 July 20141 year, 3 days [43]
35
Neller July 9, 2015.JPG
Neller, Robert B.Lieutenant General
Robert B. Neller
(born 1953)
1 July 201423 September 20151 year, 84 days
Commanding General FMFLANT / Commander MARFORCOM
-
Bradford J. Gering.jpg
Gering, Bradford J.Brigadier General
Bradford J. Gering
(born 1967)
Acting
23 September 201518 December 201586 days
36
LIEUTENANT GENERAL WISSLER.jpg
Wissler, John E.Lieutenant General
John E. Wissler
(born 1956)
18 December 201514 August 20171 year, 239 days [44]
37
Lt. Gen. Mark A. Brilakis.jpg
Brilakis, Mark A.Lieutenant General
Mark A. Brilakis
(born 1958)
14 August 20173 July 20191 year, 323 days [45]
38
Lt. Gen. Robert F. Hedelund.jpg
Hedelund, Robert F.Lieutenant General
Robert F. Hedelund
(born 1961)
3 July 201925 October 20212 years, 114 days [46]
-
Michael E. Langley (2).jpg
Langley, Michael E.Major General
Michael E. Langley
(born c.1963)
Acting
25 October 20213 November 20219 days
39
Lt Gen Michael E. Langley.jpg
Langley, Michael E.Lieutenant General
Michael E. Langley
(born c.1963)
3 November 20214 August 2022274 days [47]
-
BGen John F. Kelliher III.jpg
Kelliher, John F. IIIBrigadier General
John F. Kelliher III
Acting
4 August 202230 August 202226 days
40
LtGen Brian W. Cavanaugh (2).jpg
Cavanaugh, Brian W.Lieutenant General
Brian W. Cavanaugh
(born 1968)
30 August 20226 August 20241 year, 342 days [48]
41
LtGen Roberta L. Shea.jpg
Shea, Roberta L.Lieutenant General
Roberta L. Shea
(born c.1967)
6 August 2024Incumbent45 days [49]

History

See also

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