Marine Raider Regiment

Last updated

Marine Raider Regiment
USMC MSOR logo.svg
Marine Raider Regiment patch
Active2006–present
CountryFlag of the United States.svg  United States of America
BranchFlag of the United States Marine Corps.svg  United States Marine Corps
Type Special operations forces
Role
Size1,512 personnel authorized: [1]
  • 1,475 military personnel
  • 37 civilian personnel
Part of United States Special Operations Command Insignia.svg United States Special Operations Command
Seal of Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC).svg United States Marine Corps Special Operations Command
Garrison/HQ Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
Camp Pendleton, California
Nickname(s)Marine Raiders
Motto(s)"Always Faithful, Always Forward"
Engagements War on Terror
Website Marine Raider Regiment Website
Commanders
Current
commander		Colonel John J. Lynch [3]
Insignia
Marine Special Operator Insignia qualification badge
MARSOC Insignia MARSOC Insignia.png
MARSOC Insignia

The Marine Raider Regiment (MRR), [4] formerly known as the Marine Special Operations Regiment (MSOR), is a special operations force of the United States Marine Corps, which is a part of Marine Corps Special Operations Command (MARSOC). Renamed for its predecessor, the World War II Marine Raiders, [5] [6] this unit is the principal combat component of MARSOC, which is the Marine Corps' contribution to the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM).

Contents

History

Origins

Today's Raiders can trace their roots back to their World War II predecessors the Marine Raiders. The Marine Raiders were units established by the United States Marine Corps to conduct special amphibious light infantry warfare, particularly in landing in rubber boats and operating behind the lines. "Edson's" Raiders of 1st Marine Raiders Battalion and "Carlson's" Raiders of 2nd Marine Raiders Battalion are said to be the first United States special operations forces to form and see combat in World War II. [7] [8]

MCSOCOM Detachment One

Today's Marine Raiders first saw the light through a pilot program called the Marine Corps Special Operations Command Detachment One, also known as Det 1. In order to first assess the value of Marine special operations forces permanently detached to the United States Special Operations Command, a small unit of 86 men commanded by Col. Robert J. Coates, former commanding officer of 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, was activated on 19 June 2003 and had its headquarters at Camp Del Mar Boat Basin. [9] In 2006 it was disbanded and succeeded by the permanent Marine Corps Special Operations Command (MARSOC). Det 1 deployed to Iraq with Navy SEALs from Naval Special Warfare Group 1 in 2004, and Marines from the detachment took part in the Second Battle of Fallujah. [10]

Marine Special Operations Regiment

In February 2006, the Marine Corps Special Operations Command (MARSOC) was created at Camp Lejeune in North Carolina. The 1st and 2nd Marine Special Operations Battalions were created along with the Marine Special Operations Advisor Group (MSOAG). The majority of the combat personnel assigned to the two battalions were drawn from the Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance community. In April 2009, the MSOAG was redesignated the Marine Special Operations Regiment which then built in a new level of command by making 1st and 2nd MSOB subordinate, and redesignated MSOAG's operational marines the 3rd Marine Special Operations Battalion.[ citation needed ]

The first deployment for Marine Raiders was in Afghanistan in 2007. This initial deployment was marked with controversy when elements from Fox Company, 2nd MSOB were involved in a shooting incident. The incident, that resulted in as many as 19 civilians killed, involved a complex ambush by insurgents that included a suicide VBIED and small arms fire. It was alleged that the MARSOC operators killed the civilians while attempting to suppress the enemy firing points. The marines were relieved from their operational charter in the country and their commander removed from duty by an Army General from USSOCOM after claims were made that the marines reacted inappropriately and caused excessive civilian casualties. [11] [12] The marines were later found by a military tribunal to be cleared of wrongdoing. [13] Shortly after a deal was struck to send 2nd MSOB to Helmand province in lieu of the eastern provinces; in late 2007, Golf Company 2nd MSOB was sent to Helmand Province in Support of NATO operations.

A Marine Raider with 1st MSOB, assigned to Special Operations Task Force-West waits in ambush for insurgents during a joint patrol with Afghan Commandos in Helmand Province, 15 April 2012. SOTF-West returns from deployment 120403-M-EL893-009.jpg
A Marine Raider with 1st MSOB, assigned to Special Operations Task Force-West waits in ambush for insurgents during a joint patrol with Afghan Commandos in Helmand Province, 15 April 2012.

In September 2009 the 1st MSOB returned to Afghanistan, this time in command of a joint special operations task force in the northwest of the country. [15] [16] On 10 November 2009, a marine from 1st MSOB was awarded a Bronze Star with "V" device for his actions during a battle in Farah province. When the remote weapon on his vehicle was destroyed, he climbed on top to man its MK19 grenade launcher, according to his medal citation. As enemy rounds whipped by, Price stayed put—holding his position for four hours and killing "numerous" insurgents in the process. [17]

Following General Petraeus's take over of command in Afghanistan in 2010, in support of the ALP/VSO programme (Afghan Local Police/Village Stability Operations), SOF in Afghanistan were task-organized into battalion level SOTF (Special Operations Task Forces), each with a geographic area of responsibility; for MARSOC, this was western Afghanistan and Helmand Province. In March 2012, Marine Raiders suffered several casualties to Green on Blue attacks. On 29 July 2012, a patrol of Afghan Army Commandos was ambushed by insurgents from a number of buildings in Badghis Province, three Afghans were wounded by small arms fire, Gunnery Sergeants Jonathan Gifford of 2nd MSOB and Daniel Price of 1st MSOB raced forward on an ATV to retrieve the wounded under direct fire from the enemy. After evacuating the wounded to an emergency HLZ (Helicopter Landing Zone) from where they were safely medevaced, they returned to the firefight and assaulted the enemy positions in a fierce close-quarter battle. While throwing grenades down the chimney of an insurgent-occupied building, they were struck and killed by PKM fire, for his actions that day Price was awarded the Silver Star. [18] [17]

The Marine Raiders were deployed supporting the Global War on Terrorism in December 2013 alongside the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) where they conducted various special operations missions, ranging from direct action, reconnaissance and other mission sets.[ citation needed ]

Marine Raider Regiment

In 2014, it was announced that the Marine Special Operations Regiment and its subordinate units would be renamed Marine Raiders. [19] However, due to administrative delays the renaming did not become official until 19 June 2015.[ citation needed ]

A Raider from the 3rd Marine Raider Battalion was awarded the Silver Star for his actions during the terrorist attack, on Radisson Blu hotel in Bamako, Mali in November 2015. The Raider led a team that rescued nearly 150 people being held hostage by members of AQIM. [20]

Marine Corps Times reported that during Operation Inherent Resolve, Marine Raiders participated in the campaign to liberate Mosul in Iraq from ISIL. On 20 October 2016, after receiving small arms fire, a team of Raiders from the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion decided to occupy a point between two enemy controlled villages, later they were attacked by roughly 25 militants and an armored vehicle-borne improvised explosive device. A raider Staff Sergeant engaged and suppressed the dismounted enemy force with a sniper rifle, then exposed himself to enemy fire by climbing atop a vehicle to acquire an FGM-148 Javelin anti-tank missile and eventually destroyed the explosive-laden armored vehicle. For his actions during the engagement, the raider was awarded the Silver Star. [21] On 30 December 2016, a marine from the 2nd Raider Battalion was wounded as a result of enemy action in Iraq. [22]

Marine Corps Times reported that during 2017, Raiders assisted in liberating Marawi in Philippines from ISIS-P militants. [2]

In February 2019, Marine Corps Times reported that since the formation of MARSOC 13 years before, it had conducted 300 operational deployments across 13 countries, awarded more than 300 valor awards, and that 43 Raiders, including two multipurpose canines, had been killed in training and combat operations. [23]

A master sergeant from 2nd Marine Raider Battalion was awarded the Silver Star for his actions in a firefight while leading a joint US-Afghan team during a raid on a Taliban stronghold in southern Afghanistan in 2019. Three other Raiders were awarded the Bronze Star for their actions during the firefight. [24]

In November 2020, Taiwanese media claimed that U.S. Marine Raiders were in Taiwan for four weeks to train members of the Republic of China Marine Corps, according to the ROC Naval Command, [25] [26] though the Pentagon stated that the claim is "inaccurate." [27]

Organization

An SH-60 Seahawk waits for a simulated Medical evacuation. MARSOC Helicopter exercise.jpg
An SH-60 Seahawk waits for a simulated Medical evacuation.

1st Marine Raider Regiment

The Marine Raider Regiment is made up of a Headquarters Company and three Marine Raider Battalions (MRB). [28] [4] Each MRB consists of four Marine Special Operations Companies (MSOC) and each company consists of four fourteen-man Marine Special Operations Teams (MSOT). [29]

The base unit of the Raiders is the fourteen-man Marine Special Operations Team (MSOT). Each 14-man MSOT is organized into three elements: a Headquarters (HQ) and two identical Tactical Squads. The HQ element consists of a Special Operations Officer Team Leader (SOO/Captain), Team Chief (Master Sergeant CSO), Operations SNCO (Gunnery Sergeant CSO), and a communication SNCO. Each Tactical Element consists of an Element Leader (Staff Sergeant CSO), three Critical Skills Operators (Sergeant/Corporal CSOs), and a Navy Special Amphibious Reconnaissance Corpsman (SARC). [30] The organization allows a Team to operate on its own if needed but maintains the ability to operate as part of a bigger unit such as an MSOC or SOTF (Special Operations Task Force), similar to Army Special Forces ODA/B.[ citation needed ]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marine Raiders</span> US military unit, created 1942

The Marine Raiders are special operations forces originally established by the United States Marine Corps during World War II to conduct amphibious light infantry warfare. "Edson's" Raiders of 1st Marine Raider Battalion and "Carlson's" Raiders of 2nd Marine Raider Battalion are said to have been the first United States special operations forces to form and see combat during World War II.

United States special operations forces (SOF) are the active and reserve component forces of the United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force within the US military, as designated by the Secretary of Defense and specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. All active and reserve special operations forces are assigned to the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance</span> USMC deep reconnaissance unit

Force Reconnaissance (FORECON) are United States Marine Corps deep reconnaissance companies that supply military intelligence to the command element of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). Force Reconnaissance companies unlike USMC division reconnaissance report to the Marine expeditionary force (MEF) and provide direct action and deep reconnaissance during large-scale operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Det One</span> Military unit

The Marine Corps Special Operations Command Detachment One, also simply known as Det One, was a pilot program of attaching a permanent unit of the United States Marine Corps to the United States Special Operations Command. It was commanded by Col. Robert J. Coates, former commanding officer of 1st Force Reconnaissance Company. Det One was activated on 19 June 2003 and had its headquarters at Camp Del Mar Boat Basin in Camp Pendleton, California. It was disbanded in 2006 and succeeded by the permanent United States Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">5th Marine Regiment</span> Military unit

The 5th Marine Regiment is an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the most highly decorated regiment in the Marine Corps and falls under the command of the 1st Marine Division and the I Marine Expeditionary Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Ranger Battalion</span> Military unit

The 2nd Ranger Battalion, currently based at Joint Base Lewis–McChord south of Seattle, Washington, United States, is the second of three ranger battalions belonging to the United States Army's 75th Ranger Regiment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command</span> United States Marine Corps component command

United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC) is a component command of the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM) that comprises the Marine Corps' contribution to SOCOM. Its core capabilities are direct action, special reconnaissance and foreign internal defense. MARSOC has also been directed to conduct counter-terrorism and information operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3rd Battalion, 7th Marines</span> US Marine Corps unit

The 3rd Battalion 7th Marine Regiment (3/7) is an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. They are based at the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms and consist of approximately 800 Marines. The battalion falls under the command of the 7th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division. The battalion has seen combat in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War and was a part of the main effort during the initial invasion of Iraq in 2003. During the Global War on Terror, the battalion saw eleven sequential combat deployments; five in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, three in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, and three in support Operation Inherent Resolve. The unit has a long, decorated history with countless achievements. Its members were described as "true professionals" by embedded reporters during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Battalion, 7th Marines</span> US Marine Corps unit

The 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines (2/7) is a light infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. They are based at the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms and consist of approximately 800 marines and sailors. The battalion falls under the command of the 7th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3rd Battalion, 4th Marines</span> Military unit

3rd Battalion, 4th Marines (3/4) or (V34) is an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. Nicknamed "Thundering Third" and "Darkside," it is based at the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California, and consist of approximately 1,000 Marines. The unit currently falls under the command of the 7th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division, but — along with its two sister battalions — is hosted by the 3rd Marine Division, at Camp Schwab in Okinawa, Japan, when training in jungle warfare. The 3rd falls under the 4th Marine Regiment at such times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines</span> Infantry battalion in the US Marine Corps

2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines (2/3) was an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Hawaii consisting of approximately 1,000 Marines and sailors. The battalion fell under the command of the 3rd Marine Regiment and the 3rd Marine Division. The battalion was deactivated in January 2022 as part of the Marine Corps' ongoing Force Design efforts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Battalion, 4th Marines</span> USMC infantry battalion based out of Camp Pendleton, California

1st Battalion, 4th Marines (1/4) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California consisting of approximately 800 Marines and sailors. They fall under the command of the 1st Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Battalion, 6th Marines</span> Military unit

The 1st Battalion, 6th Marines (1/6) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based in Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. It consists of approximately 1,100 marines and sailors. They fall under the command of the 6th Marine Regiment, the 2nd Marine Division of the II Marine Expeditionary Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">6th Marine Regiment</span> Military unit

The 6th Marine Regiment is an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. The regiment falls under the command of the 2nd Marine Division of the II Marine Expeditionary Force. Its combat history dates back to World War I when they were part of the American Expeditionary Force. They fought in the Pacific Theater in World War II, most notably at the battles of Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian and Okinawa. More recently, the regiment has seen combat during the Gulf War and in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sangin</span> Town in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan

Sangin is a town in Helmand province of Afghanistan, with a population of approximately 20,000 people. It is located on 32°4′24″N64°50′2″E in the valley of the Helmand River at 888 m (2,913 ft) altitude, 95 km (59 mi) to the north-east of Lashkargah. Sangin is notorious as one of the central locations of the opium trade in the south of the country, and is also a town that has traditionally supported the Taliban. It was described by British newspaper The Guardian as "the deadliest area in Afghanistan" in 2010. Sangin also houses the main bazaar for Sangin District. Route 611 passes through Sangin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Organization of the United States Marine Corps</span>

The United States Marine Corps is organized within the Department of the Navy, which is led by the Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV). The most senior Marine commissioned officer is the Commandant of the Marine Corps, responsible for organizing, recruiting, training, and equipping the Marine Corps so that it is ready for operation under the command of the unified combatant commanders. The Marine Corps is organized into four principal subdivisions: Headquarters Marine Corps, the Operating Forces, the Supporting Establishment, and the Marine Forces Reserve.

The United States Marine Corps is tasked by Department of Defense directive to "conduct complex expeditionary operations in the urban littorals and other challenging environments" and "conduct amphibious operations, including engagement, crisis response, and power projection operations to assure access." Before 2006, the Marine Corps was the only branch of the Armed Forces that did not have any of its special warfare elements participating in the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), due to confining its special operations capabilities only for the purpose to the Fleet Marine Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Critical skills operator</span> Military unit

A critical skills operator (CSO) is a United States Marine in the primary special operations career field of the United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC). CSOs, colloquially known as "Raiders", are awarded the Military Occupational Specialty 0372. CSOs are assigned to Marine Special Operations Teams (MSOT), Companies (MSOC) and Battalions (MSOBs). CSOs are trained to execute a variety of missions. Specialized training also provides capabilities in language fluency necessary for crossing cultural barriers, allowing CSOs to connect with local forces and civilians. It takes, at a minimum, four and a half years to create a Marine CSO; a Marine must have served a minimum of three years or achieved the rank of at least lance corporal before being considered a MARSOC candidate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Marine Raider Battalion (MARSOC)</span> Military unit

The 1st Marine Raider Battalion is a special operations forces of the United States Marine Corps and a subordinate combat component of the Marine Corps Special Operations Command. The Battalions' organization was finalized in 2006 and is one of three battalions of the Marine Raider Regiment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel Yoo (general)</span> United States Marine Corps general

Daniel Daejin Yoo is a retired United States Marine Corps major general and former commander of United States Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command. He was the first Korean-American general in the history of the United States Marine Corps.

References

  1. ↑ Government Accountability Office. "GAO Congressional report, Special Operations Forces: Opportunities Exist to Improve Transparency of Funding and Assess and Potential to Lesson Some Deployments". gao.gov. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  2. 1 2 "Leading over 800 enemy kills to guiding elite forces: These Marines were honored for combat ops". Marine Corps Times. 7 May 2018.
  3. ↑ "Marine Raider Regiment Commanding Officer, Col. John Lynch on two Marines killed in action Sunday in Iraq". 9 March 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020. They were intelligent, courageous, and loyal...They were also family men, adoring husbands and fathers…
  4. 1 2 "PERSONAL & FAMILY READINESS". Marines.mil. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  5. ↑ Hope Hodge Seck (11 June 2015). "MARSOC units to get Raider name after 10-month delay". Marine Corps Times.
  6. ↑ Seck, Hope. "MARSOC units renamed for the Marine Raiders". Marine Corps Times. Archived from the original on 6 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  7. ↑ "Marine Raiders of WWII". MARSOC Recruiting. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  8. ↑ "U.S. Marine Raiders in World War II | Photos | Defense Media Network". Defense Media Network. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  9. ↑ Piedmont, Lieutenant Colonel John P. (2010). "Det One: U.S. Marine Corps US Special Operations Command Detachment, 2003-2006" (PDF). marines.mil.
  10. ↑ Neville, Leigh, Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military), Osprey Publishing, 2015 ISBN   978-1-4728-0790-8, p. 178
  11. ↑ Neville, Leigh, Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military), Osprey Publishing, 2015 ISBN   978-1-4728-0790-8, p. 165
  12. ↑ Gidget Fuentes. "Army general kicks Marines out of Afghanistan". Air Force Times.
  13. ↑ Andrew deGrandpere (12 February 2018). "Task Force Violent". Military Times.
  14. ↑ Neville, Leigh, Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military), Osprey Publishing, 2015 ISBN   978-1-4728-0790-8, p. 313
  15. ↑ Trista Talton. "MarSOC battalion to take joint command". Marine Corps Times. Archived from the original on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
  16. ↑ Jeanette Steele. "Pendleton Marines take on training role". The San Diego Union-Tribune.
  17. 1 2 "Marine Gunnery Sgt. Daniel J. Price".
  18. ↑ Neville, Leigh, Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military), Osprey Publishing, 2015 ISBN   1472807901 ISBN   978-1472807908, p.161–162, p.166–167
  19. ↑ "MARSOC units renamed for the Marine Raiders | Marine Corps Times". marinecorpstimes.com. Archived from the original on 6 August 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  20. ↑ "Marine Raider receives Silver Star for actions during terror attack in Mali". Marine Corps Times. 28 April 2018.
  21. ↑ "A Marine Raider was awarded a Silver Star for taking out an armored-vehicle IED with a Javelin". Marine Corps Times. 12 February 2019.
  22. ↑ "More U.S. troops are being wounded in Iraq and Syria, the Pentagon quietly acknowledges". Military Times. 5 January 2017.
  23. ↑ "MARSOC's tab after 13 years: 43 deaths, more than 300 valor awards, and 300 operational deployments". Marine Corps Times. 22 February 2019.
  24. ↑ "Marine Raider awarded Silver Star after 4-hour firefight in Afghanistan". Marine Corps Times. 14 July 2020.
  25. ↑ Feng, John (10 November 2020). "Taiwan Admits U.S. Troop Exercise for First Time in 40 Years Amid Growing China Threat". Newsweek.
  26. ↑ Makichuk, Dave (11 November 2020). "US Marine special forces training on Taiwan: Report". Asia Times.
  27. ↑ Robson, Seth (11 November 2020). "Pentagon refutes reports that Marine Raiders are training forces on Taiwan". Stars and Stripes.
  28. 1 2 "MARINE RAIDER REGIMENT". Marines.mil. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  29. ↑ McKaughan, Jeff (2009). "CORPS ENABLER: Defining Marine Corps Special Operations Capabilities". Special Operations Technology. Vol. 7, no. 6. KMI Media Group. ISSN   1552-7891. Archived from the original on 22 February 2012.
  30. ↑ "Marine Corps Special Operations MCWP 3-05" (PDF). U.S. Marine Corps. 4 April 2018. Publication 143 000178 00. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.