List of Divers Alert Network publications

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Divers Alert Network (DAN) is a group of not-for-profit organisations dedicated to improving diving safety for all divers. It was founded in Durham, North Carolina, in 1980 at Duke University to provide 24/7 telephone diving medical assistance. Since then the organisation has expanded globally and now has independent regional organisations in North America, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific and Southern Africa. [1] [2]

Contents

DAN publishes research results on a wide range of matters relating to diving safety and medicine and diving accident analysis, including annual reports on decompression illness and diving fatalities. Most are freely available on the internet, many of these were at the now defunct Rubicon Research Repository.[ needs update ]

This list includes publications where one or more authors are staff or members of one of the DAN affiliates, where a large part of the data is from one of the DAN Databases, or where the research was funded by DAN.

Alert Diver

DAN publishes a periodical for members in print and online. Alert Diver is currently published quarterly. Back issues are often available on the DAN website.

Annual reports on decompression illness and diving fatalities

Other publications

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Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Decompression sickness</span> Disorder caused by dissolved gases forming bubbles in tissues

Decompression sickness is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the body tissues during decompression. DCS most commonly occurs during or soon after a decompression ascent from underwater diving, but can also result from other causes of depressurisation, such as emerging from a caisson, decompression from saturation, flying in an unpressurised aircraft at high altitude, and extravehicular activity from spacecraft. DCS and arterial gas embolism are collectively referred to as decompression illness.

Decompression Illness (DCI) comprises two different conditions caused by rapid decompression of the body. These conditions present similar symptoms and require the same initial first aid. Scuba divers are trained to ascend slowly from depth to avoid DCI. Although the incidence is relatively rare, the consequences can be serious and potentially fatal, especially if untreated.

In-water recompression (IWR) or underwater oxygen treatment is the emergency treatment of decompression sickness (DCS) by returning the diver underwater to help the gas bubbles in the tissues, which are causing the symptoms, to resolve. It is a procedure that exposes the diver to significant risk which should be compared with the risk associated with the available options and balanced against the probable benefits. Some authorities recommend that it is only to be used when the time to travel to the nearest recompression chamber is too long to save the victim's life; others take a more pragmatic approach and accept that in some circumstances IWR is the best available option. The risks may not be justified for case of mild symptoms likely to resolve spontaneously, or for cases where the diver is likely to be unsafe in the water, but in-water recompression may be justified in cases where severe outcomes are likely if not recompressed, if conducted by a competent and suitably equipped team.

Dysbaric osteonecrosis or DON is a form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen (N2) embolism (blockage of the blood vessels by a bubble of nitrogen coming out of solution) in divers. Although the definitive pathologic process is poorly understood, there are several hypotheses:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diving medicine</span> Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disorders caused by underwater diving

Diving medicine, also called undersea and hyperbaric medicine (UHB), is the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of conditions caused by humans entering the undersea environment. It includes the effects on the body of pressure on gases, the diagnosis and treatment of conditions caused by marine hazards and how aspects of a diver's fitness to dive affect the diver's safety. Diving medical practitioners are also expected to be competent in the examination of divers and potential divers to determine fitness to dive.

Diving disorders, or diving related medical conditions, are conditions associated with underwater diving, and include both conditions unique to underwater diving, and those that also occur during other activities. This second group further divides conditions caused by exposure to ambient pressures significantly different from surface atmospheric pressure, and a range of conditions caused by general environment and equipment associated with diving activities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Underwater diving</span> Descending below the surface of the water to interact with the environment

Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment. It is also often referred to as diving, an ambiguous term with several possible meanings, depending on context. Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving. Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well-adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.

Divers Alert Network (DAN) is a group of not-for-profit organizations dedicated to improving diving safety for all divers. It was founded in Durham, North Carolina, United States, in 1980 at Duke University providing 24/7 telephonic hot-line diving medical assistance. Since then the organization has expanded globally and now has independent regional organizations in North America, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific and Southern Africa.

Peter B. Bennett was the founder and a president and CEO of the Divers Alert Network (DAN), a non-profit organization devoted to assisting scuba divers in need. He was a professor of anesthesiology at Duke University Medical Center, and was the Senior Director of the Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology at Duke. Bennett is recognized as a leading authority on the effects of high pressure on human physiology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simon Mitchell</span> New Zealand physician and author on diving medicine

Simon Mitchell is a New Zealand physician specialising in occupational medicine, hyperbaric medicine and anesthesiology. Trained in medicine, Mitchell was awarded a PhD for his work on neuroprotection from embolic brain injury. Mitchell has also published more than 45 research and review papers in the medical literature. Mitchell is an author and avid technical diver. He also wrote two chapters of the latest edition of Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving, is the co-author of the diving textbook Deeper Into Diving with John Lippmann and co-authored the chapter on Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine with Michael Bennett.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Decompression (diving)</span> Pressure reduction and its effects during ascent from depth

The decompression of a diver is the reduction in ambient pressure experienced during ascent from depth. It is also the process of elimination of dissolved inert gases from the diver's body which accumulate during ascent, largely during pauses in the ascent known as decompression stops, and after surfacing, until the gas concentrations reach equilibrium. Divers breathing gas at ambient pressure need to ascend at a rate determined by their exposure to pressure and the breathing gas in use. A diver who only breathes gas at atmospheric pressure when free-diving or snorkelling will not usually need to decompress. Divers using an atmospheric diving suit do not need to decompress as they are never exposed to high ambient pressure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Decompression practice</span> Techniques and procedures for safe decompression of divers

To prevent or minimize decompression sickness, divers must properly plan and monitor decompression. Divers follow a decompression model to safely allow the release of excess inert gases dissolved in their body tissues, which accumulated as a result of breathing at ambient pressures greater than surface atmospheric pressure. Decompression models take into account variables such as depth and time of dive, breathing gasses, altitude, and equipment to develop appropriate procedures for safe ascent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Decompression theory</span> Theoretical modelling of decompression physiology

Decompression theory is the study and modelling of the transfer of the inert gas component of breathing gases from the gas in the lungs to the tissues and back during exposure to variations in ambient pressure. In the case of underwater diving and compressed air work, this mostly involves ambient pressures greater than the local surface pressure, but astronauts, high altitude mountaineers, and travellers in aircraft which are not pressurised to sea level pressure, are generally exposed to ambient pressures less than standard sea level atmospheric pressure. In all cases, the symptoms caused by decompression occur during or within a relatively short period of hours, or occasionally days, after a significant pressure reduction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neal W. Pollock</span> Canadian researcher in diving physiology and hyperbaric medicine

Neal Pollock is a Canadian academic and diver. Born in Edmonton, Canada he completed a bachelor's degree in zoology; the first three years at University of Alberta and the final year at the University of British Columbia. After completing a master's degree he then served as diving officer at University of British Columbia for almost five years. He then moved to Florida and completed a doctorate in exercise physiology/environmental physiology at Florida State University.

Richard Deimel Vann is an American academic and diver.

Scuba diving fatalities are deaths occurring while scuba diving or as a consequence of scuba diving. The risks of dying during recreational, scientific or commercial diving are small, and on scuba, deaths are usually associated with poor gas management, poor buoyancy control, equipment misuse, entrapment, rough water conditions and pre-existing health problems. Some fatalities are inevitable and caused by unforeseeable situations escalating out of control, though the majority of diving fatalities can be attributed to human error on the part of the victim.

Investigation of diving accidents includes investigations into the causes of reportable incidents in professional diving and recreational diving accidents, usually when there is a fatality or litigation for gross negligence.

Inner ear decompression sickness, (IEDCS) or audiovestibular decompression sickness is a medical condition of the inner ear caused by the formation of gas bubbles in the tissues or blood vessels of the inner ear. Generally referred to as a form of decompression sickness, it can also occur at constant pressure due to inert gas counterdiffusion effects.

References

  1. ↑ Edmonds, Carl; Thomas, Bob; McKenzie, Bart; Pennefather, John (2015). "Divers Alert Network" (PDF). Diving Medicine for Scuba Divers. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  2. ↑ Staff (2006). DAN Southern Africa newsletter (1st quarter ed.). DAN Southern Africa.
  3. ↑ Dovenbarger, JA (1988). Report on Decompression Illness and Diving Fatalities. (1988) (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  4. ↑ Dovenbarger, JA; Uguccioni, DM (1996). Report on Decompression Illness and Diving Fatalities. (1997) (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  5. ↑ Buzzacott, P; Trout, BM; Caruso, JL; Nelson, C; Denoble, PJ; Nord, DA; Chimiak, J; Martina, SD; Nochetto, M; Pollock, NW; Lippmann, J; Lawrence, C; Fock, A; Wodak, T; Jamieson, S; Harris, R; Walker, D; Kojima, Y (2015). Buzzacott, P (ed.). A report on 2010-2013 data on diving fatalities, injuries, and incidents (PDF). DAN Annual Diving Report 2012-2015 Edition (Report). Durham, NC: Divers Alert Network. ISBN   978-1-941027-52-3 . Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  6. ↑ Buzzacott, P, ed. (2016). A report on 2014 data on diving fatalities, injuries, and incidents (PDF). DAN Annual Diving Report 2016 Edition (Report). Durham, NC: Divers Alert Network. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
  7. ↑ Buzzacott, Peter; Moore, Jeanette P.; Bennett, Caslyn M.; Caruso, James L.; Nelson, Craig; Denoble, Petar J. (2017). A Report on 2015 Diving Fatalities, Injuries, and Incidents. DAN Annual Diving Report (Report) (2017 ed.). Divers Alert Network. Retrieved 29 October 2019– via NCBI.
  8. ↑ Buzzacott, Peter; Moore, Jeanette P.; Bennett, Caslyn M.; Caruso, James L.; Nelson, Craig; Denoble, Petar J. (2018). A Report on 2016 Diving Fatalities, Injuries, and Incidents. DAN Annual Diving Report (Report) (2018 ed.). Divers Alert Network. Retrieved 29 October 2019– via NCBI.
  9. ↑ Kindwall, EP; Goldmann, RW; Thombs, PA (1988). "Use of the Monoplace vs. Multiplace Chamber in the Treatment of Diving Diseases". Journal of Hyperbaric Medicine. 3 (1): 5–10.
  10. ↑ Heinmiller, PA (1989). ORCA's new Delphi computers: Impact on the diving community (Report). American Academy of Underwater Sciences.
  11. ↑ Sheffield, PJ, ed. (1989). Flying after Diving. UHMS Publication Number 77(FLYDIV)12-1-89. (Report). Bethesda, Md: Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society. pp. 222 pages.
  12. ↑ Bennett, PB; Moon, RE (1990). Diving Accident Management (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.
  13. ↑ Lang, MA; Vann, RD (1991). Proceedings of the AAUS Repetitive Diving Workshop (Report). American Academy of Underwater Sciences.
  14. ↑ Dovenbarger, JA; Wacholtz, C; Bennett, PB (1995). "DAN accident data". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  15. ↑ Gorman, Des, ed. (1995). "Safe Limits: A International Dive Symposium". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  16. ↑ Uguccioni, DM; Moon, RE; Dovenbarger, JA; Stolp, BW; Dear, GdeL; Bennett, PB (1996). Misclassification of decompression illness (DCI) (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  17. ↑ Moon, RE; Sheffield, PJ (1996). Treatment of Decompression Illness (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.
  18. ↑ Doyle, K; Baek, PS; De Long, ER; Uguccioni, DM; Dear, GdeL; Stolp, BW; Dovenbarger, JA; Moon, RE (1997). Menstruation as a risk factor for decompression illness (DCI)in female scuba divers taking oral contraceptives (OC) (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  19. ↑ Uguccioni, DM; Dovenbarger, JA; Hobgood, JA; Moon, RE (1998). Commercial airflight after recompression therapy for decompression illness (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  20. ↑ Dueker, CW; Brown, SD (1999). Near Drowning Workshop (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.
  21. ↑ Kay, E; Spencer, MP (1999). In Water Recompression (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.
  22. ↑ Vann, RD; Winkler, P; Sitzes, CR; Uguccioni, DM; DeNoble, PJ (1999). The 1999 Project Dive Exploration pilot study./777 (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  23. ↑ Lang, MA (2000). DAN Nitrox Workshop Proceedings (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  24. ↑ Taylor, L; Mitchell, SJ (2001). "Diabetes as a contraindication to diving: Should old dogma give way to new evidence?". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  25. ↑ Vann, RD; DeNoble, PJ; Uguccioni, DM; Freiberger, JJ (2001). Nitrox diving (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  26. ↑ Dunford, RG; Vann, RD; Gerth, WA; Pieper, CF; Huggins, KE; Wacholtz, CJ; Bennett, PB (2002). "The incidence of venous gas emboli in recreational diving". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine. 29 (4): 247–59. PMID   12797666.
  27. ↑ Sheffield, PJ; Vann, RD (2002). Flying After Diving Workshop (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  28. ↑ Caruso, JL; Uguccioni, DM; Ellis, JE; Dovenbarger, JA; Bennett, PB (2003). Buddy versus solo divingin fatal recreational diving accidents (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  29. ↑ Freiberger, JJ; DeNoble, PJ; Uguccioni, DM; Vann, RD (2002). An association between flying with symptoms of DCS and residuals after recompression treatment (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  30. ↑ Lippmann, J (2003). "First aid oxygen administration for divers". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  31. ↑ Vote, DAP; Vann, RD (2003). "DAN USA Ascent Rate Study (Abstract only – work in progress)". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  32. ↑ Caruso, JL; Uguccioni, DM; Ellis, JE; Dovenbarger, JA; Bennett, PB (2004). Do divers in trouble ditch their weight belts or integrated weights? A look at the ditching of weight belts in fatal recreational diving accidents (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  33. ↑ Richardson, D (2004). "Flying after diving DAN Workshop 2002 - an overview". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  34. ↑ Vann, RD; Freiberger, JJ; DeNoble, PJ; Dovenbarger, JA; Nord, D; Winkler, P; Marroni, A (2004). Flying after recompression therapy (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  35. ↑ Marroni, A; Bennett, PB; Cronje, FJ; Cali-Corleo, R; Germonpre, P; Pieri, M; Bonuccelli, C; Balestra, C (2005). "A deep stop during decompression from 82 fsw (25 m) significantly reduces bubbles and fast tissue gas tensions". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine. 31 (2): 233–43. PMID   15485086.
  36. ↑ Mitchell, SJ; Doolette, DJ; Wacholz, CJ; Vann, RD (2005). Management of Mild or Marginal Decompression Illness in Remote Locations Workshop Proceedings (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  37. ↑ Pollock, NW; Uguccioni, DM; Dear, GdeL (2005). Diabetes and recreational diving: guidelines for the future (Report). Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  38. ↑ DeNoble, PJ; Vann, RD; Pollock, NW; Uguccioni, DM; Freiberger, JJ; Pieper, CF (2005). A case-control study of decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE) (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  39. ↑ Lang, MA (2006). "The state of oxygen-enriched air (nitrox)". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  40. ↑ Lindholm, P; Pollock, NW; Lundgren, CEG (2006). Breath-hold Diving Workshop Proceedings (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society/ Divers Alert Network (DAN).
  41. ↑ Pollock, NW; Uguccioni, DM; Dear, GdeL (2006). "Diabetes and recreational diving: Guidelines for the future". The Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society.
  42. ↑ Denoble, PJ; Ellis, J; Vann, RD (2007). Fatalities in divers using rebreathers. Annual Scientific Meeting held June 14–16, 2007. Ritz-Carlton Kapalua Maui, Hawaii (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  43. ↑ Hobbs, GW; Armstrong, BM; Armstrong, HC; Schreiber, JS; Kaylor, ZM; Vann, RD (2007). What can the medical community do for technical divers?. Abstract of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc. Annual Scientific Meeting held June 14–16, 2007. Ritz-Carlton Kapalua Maui, Hawaii (Report). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  44. ↑ Longphre, JM; Denoble, PJ; Moon, RE; Vann, RD; Freiberger, JJ (2007). "First aid normobaric oxygen for the treatment of recreational diving injuries". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine. 34 (1). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.: 43–9. PMID   17393938.
  45. ↑ Vann, RD; Pollock, NW; Denoble, PJ (2007). Rebreather Fatality Investigation (Report). American Academy of Underwater Sciences.
  46. ↑ Vann, RD; Pollock, NW; Freiberger, JJ; Natoli, MJ; DeNoble, PJ; Pieper, CF (2007). "Influence of bottom time on preflight surface intervals before flying after diving". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc.
  47. ↑ Demchenko, IT; Ruehle, A; Allen, BW; Vann, RD; Piantadosi, CA (2008). Effects of Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on cerebral blood flow and seizures in rats exposed to HBO2. Abstract of the Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Society 2008 Annual Scientific Meeting June 26–28, 2008 Salt Lake City Marriott Downtown, Salt Lake City, Utah. (Report). Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Society.
  48. ↑ Lippmann, J (2008). "Review of scuba diving fatalities and decompression illness in Australia". Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 38 (2). The Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society: 71–8. PMID   22692688.
  49. ↑ Walker, D; Lippmann, J; Lawrence, CL; Houston, J; Fock, A (2009). "Provisional report on diving-related fatalities in Australian waters 2004". The Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. 39 (3): 138–61. PMID   22753244.
  50. ↑ Walker, D; Lippmann, J; Lawrence, CL; Fock, A; Wodak, T; Jamieson, S (2010). "Provisional report on diving-related fatalities in Australian waters 2005". Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 40 (3). South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society: 131–49. PMID   23111911.
  51. ↑ Zeindler, PR; Freiberger, JJ (2010). "Triage and emergency evacuation of recreational divers: a case series analysis". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine. 37 (2): 133–9. PMID   20462146.
  52. ↑ Denoble, PJ; Richardson, D; Cumming, B; Lippmann, J; Marroni, A; Vann, RD (2011). "Fatality rates in recreational scuba diving: A summary of statistics presented at DAN Fatality Workshop 2010". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  53. ↑ Dunford, RG; Vann, RD; Li, L; Forbes, R; Denoble, PJ; Gerth, WA; Marroni, A (2011). "Risks of Decompression sickness (DCS) in 125,091 air or N2/O2 recreational dives". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  54. ↑ Lippmann, J; Walker, D; Lawrence, CL; Fock, A; Wodak, T; Jamieson, S (2011). "Provisional report on diving-related fatalities in Australian waters 2006". Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 41 (2). South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society: 70–84. PMID   21848110.
  55. ↑ Peacher, DF; Otteni, C; Fraser, JAV; Freiberger, JJ; Natoli, MJ; Schinazi, EA; Doar, PO; Boso, AE; Alford, EL; Moon, RE (2011). "Pulmonary hemodynamics during coldwater exercise in subjects who have experienced immersion pulmonary edema and the effect of sildenafil". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  56. ↑ Balestra, C (2012). Dive Computer Use in Recreational Diving: Insights from the DAN-DSL Database. Symposium convened by the Baromedical and Environmental Physiology Group of NTNU on August 24, 2011, at the 37th Annual Meeting of the European Underwater and Baromedical Society in Gdansk, Poland. (Report). Proceedings of the Validation of Dive Computer Workshop cosponsored by NTNU and the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority.
  57. ↑ Denoble, PJ; Ranapurwalla, S; Vaithiyanathan, P; Bird, N (2012). "Online survey of health status of DAN members". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  58. ↑ Denoble, PJ; Ranapurwala, SI; Vaithiyanathan, P; Clarke, RE; Vann, RD (2012). "Per-capita claims rate for decompressionsickness (DCS) among insured Divers Alert Network (DAN) members". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  59. ↑ Goldman, S; Campbell, S (2012). "Application of interconnected and parallel decompression models to PDE data". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  60. ↑ Pollock, NW; Riddle, MF; Wiley, JM; Martina, SD; Mackey, MN (2012). "Divers Alert Network breath-hold incident database review: 2006-2011". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
  61. ↑ Thom, SR; Milovanova, TN; Bogush, M; Bhopale, VM; Yang, M; Bushmann, K; Pollock, NW; Ljubkovic, M; Denoble, PJ; Dujic, Z (2012). "Microparticle production, neutrophil activation and intravascular bubbles following open-water scuba diving". Journal of Applied Physiology. 112 (8): 1268–78. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01305.2011. PMID   22323646.
  62. ↑ Held, HE; Pilla, R; Dean, JB (2013). "Oral pseudoephedrine hydrochloride administration decreases latency to central nervous system oxygen toxicity in male and female rats". Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine.
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