German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II

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1944 map of POW camps in Germany. Prisoners of war camps in Germany in World War II (map of 1944).png
1944 map of POW camps in Germany.
American Red Cross German POW Camp Map from December 31, 1944 Powcampsingermanymap.jpg
American Red Cross German POW Camp Map from December 31, 1944

Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps (German : Kriegsgefangenenlager) during World War II (1939-1945). [1]

Contents

Germany signed the Third Geneva Convention of 1929, which established norms relating to the treatment of prisoners of war.

While Germany largely adhered to the Geneva Convention when it came to other nationalities of prisoners of war, it disregarded it for the Soviet prisoners of war. Around 3 million of almost 6 million captured died, largely of starvation and disease, but also executions. [2]

Types of camp

Administration Barrack III in Oflag XD, drawn by Belgian officer POW Leon Gossens, 1944 Leon Gossens Oflag XD 1944.jpg
Administration Barrack III in Oflag XD, drawn by Belgian officer POW Léon Gossens, 1944

Nomenclature

At the start of World War II, the German Army was divided into 17 military districts (Wehrkreise), which were each assigned Roman numerals. The camps were numbered according to the military district. A letter behind the Roman number marked individual Stalags in a military district.

e.g.

Stalag II-D was the fourth Stalag in Military District II (Wehrkreis II).

Sub-camps had a suffix "/Z" (for Zweiglager - sub-camp). The main camp had a suffix of "/H" (for Hauptlager - main camp).

e.g.

Oflag VII-C/H meant this is the main camp.
Oflag VII-C/Z meant this is a sub-camp of a main camp.

Some of these sub-camps were not the traditional POW camps with barbed wire fences and guard towers, but merely accommodation centers.

List of Camps by Military District

Military District I (Königsberg)

Cemetery of the victims of the Stalag I-B camp in Sudwa Wikiekspedycja 2012, GringoPL, IMG 2129.jpg
Cemetery of the victims of the Stalag I-B camp in Sudwa

Military District II (Stettin)

Former Oflag II-C camp in Dobiegniew, now a museum MOs810 WG 2015 22 (Notecka III) (Dobiegniew, Woldenberg Offlag Museum).JPG
Former Oflag II-C camp in Dobiegniew, now a museum

Military District III (Berlin)

Memorial to the victims of Stalag III-A in Luckenwalde Luckenwalde - Stalag IIIa - panoramio (5).jpg
Memorial to the victims of Stalag III-A in Luckenwalde

Military District IV (Dresden)

Military District V (Stuttgart)

Military District VI (Münster)

Cemetery of the victims of the Stalag VI-B camp in Meppen Meppen - Am Friedhof - Kriegsgraberstatte Versen 10 ies.jpg
Cemetery of the victims of the Stalag VI-B camp in Meppen

Military District VII (Munich)

Collection of everyday items of Polish prisoners from the Oflag VII-A Murnau. MWP Murnau.JPG
Collection of everyday items of Polish prisoners from the Oflag VII-A Murnau.

Military District VIII (Breslau)

Memorial to the victims of the Stalag VIII-A camp in Zgorzelec Zgorzelec Stalag VIIIA.jpg
Memorial to the victims of the Stalag VIII-A camp in Zgorzelec

Military District IX (Kassel)

Military District X (Hamburg)

Military District XI (Hanover)

Memorial to the prisoners of Stalag XI-A Gedenkstatte Kriegsgefangenenlager STALAG XI-A.JPG
Memorial to the prisoners of Stalag XI-A

Military District XII (Wiesbaden)

Military District XIII (Nuremberg)

Military District XVII (Vienna)

Stalag XVII-B Monument at Andersonville Prison 21-19-055-stalag.jpg
Stalag XVII-B Monument at Andersonville Prison

Military District XVIII (Salzburg)

Former Stalag XVIII-D camp in Maribor, now a museum Today's building (old grain warehouse).jpg
Former Stalag XVIII-D camp in Maribor, now a museum

Military District XX (Danzig)

Memorial to British POWs of Stalag XX-A in Torun Torun Fort XIII monument.jpg
Memorial to British POWs of Stalag XX-A in Toruń

Military District XXI (Posen)

Memorial to Norwegian POWs of Oflag XXI-C in Ostrzeszow Tablica jency norwesy ostrzeszow.JPG
Memorial to Norwegian POWs of Oflag XXI-C in Ostrzeszów

Other camps

Memorial to the victims of the Stalag 319 camp in Chelm Pomnik stalagu w Chelmie.jpg
Memorial to the victims of the Stalag 319 camp in Chełm
Memorial to the victims of the Stalag 338 camp in Kryvyi Rih Pam'iatnii znak <<V'iazniam kontstaboru>> 01.JPG
Memorial to the victims of the Stalag 338 camp in Kryvyi Rih
Memorial at the site of the Stalag 369 camp in Kobierzyn, Krakow WW II, Stalag 369 memorial, Zywiecka street,Krakow,Poland.jpg
Memorial at the site of the Stalag 369 camp in Kobierzyn, Kraków

Luftwaffe Camps

Diorama of Stalag Luft III Model Stalag Luft III.jpg
Diorama of Stalag Luft III

The camps for Allied airmen were run by the Luftwaffe independently of the Army.

Kriegsmarine Camps

The camp for Allied seamen was run by the Kriegsmarine independently of the Army.

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Post VE Day sending of German PoWs to Alaska, to dismantle war equipment http://www.sitnews.us/Kiffer/POWCamp/021715_prisoners_of_war.html

Further reading