Glossary of Fascist Italy

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This is a list of words, terms, concepts, and slogans in the Italian language and Latin language which were specifically used in Fascist Italian monarchy and Italian Social Republic.

Contents

Some words were coined by Benito Mussolini and other Italian Fascists. Other words and concepts were borrowed and appropriated, and other terms were already in use in Italy. Finally, some are taken from Italy's cultural tradition.

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List of abbreviations and acronyms

See the glossary above for full explanations of the terms.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michele Bianchi</span> Italian revolutionary syndicalist leader (1883–1930)

Michele Bianchi was an Italian revolutionary syndicalist leader who took a position in the Unione Italiana del Lavoro (UIL). He was among the founding members of the Fascist movement. He was widely seen as the dominant leader of the leftist, syndicalist wing of the National Fascist Party. He took an active role in the "interventionist left" where he "espoused an alliance between nationalism and syndicalism." He was one of the most influential politicians of the regime before his succumbing to tuberculosis in 1930. He was also one of the grand architects behind the "Great List" which secured the parliamentary majority in favor of the fascists.

Fascio is an Italian word literally meaning "a bundle" or "a sheaf", and figuratively "league", and which was used in the late 19th century to refer to political groups of many different orientations. A number of nationalist fasci later evolved into the 20th century Fasci movement, which became known as fascism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Achille Starace</span> Italian Fascist leader (1889–1945)

Achille Starace was a prominent leader of Fascist Italy before and during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giuseppe Bottai</span> Italian journalist, university professor, and Fascist politician (1895–1959)

Giuseppe Bottai was an Italian journalist and member of the National Fascist Party of Benito Mussolini.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Albanian Fascist Party</span> Political party in Albania

The Albanian Fascist Party was a fascist organisation active during World War II which held nominal power in Albania from 1939, when the country was invaded by Italy, until 1943, when Italy capitulated to the Allies. Afterwards, Albania fell under German occupation, and the PFSh was replaced by the Balli Kombëtar.

Gioventù Fascista was a magazine designed for youth in Italy under Benito Mussolini's Fascist state. Its features included stories and cartoons praising the regime and inculcating the tenets of Fascism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opera Nazionale Balilla</span> Italian Fascist youth organization

Opera Nazionale Balilla (ONB) was an Italian Fascist youth organization functioning between 1926 and 1937, when it was absorbed into the Gioventù Italiana del Littorio (GIL), a youth section of the National Fascist Party.

<i>Fasci Italiani di Combattimento</i> Political party in Italy (1919–1921)

The Fasci Italiani di Combattimento was an Italian fascist organisation created by Benito Mussolini in 1919. It was the successor of the Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria, being notably further right than its predecessor. The Fasci Italiani di Combattimento was reorganised into the National Fascist Party in 1921.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Fascist Party</span> Italian fascist political party founded by Benito Mussolini

The National Fascist Party was a political party in Italy, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian fascism and as a reorganisation of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. The party ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 when Fascists took power with the March on Rome until the fall of the Fascist regime in 1943, when Mussolini was deposed by the Grand Council of Fascism. The National Fascist Party was succeeded by the Republican Fascist Party in the territories under the control of the Italian Social Republic, and it was ultimately dissolved at the end of World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stadio dei Marmi</span> Building in Rome

The Stadio dei Marmi is one of four stadiums in the colossal sports complex the Foro Italico, initially named Foro Mussolini. The other stadiums are the Stadio Olimpico, the Stadio del tennis Romano, and the Stadio Olimpico del Nuoto. It was designed in the 1920s as a complement to the annexed Fascist Academy of Physical Education, to be used by its students for training. The Stadio dei Marmi first opened in 1932, on the 10th anniversary of the March on Rome, near the Roman neighborhood Monte Mario, by the architect Enrico Del Debbio under the Fascist ruler Benito Mussolini. The Stadio dei Marmi is encircled by sixty, 4-meter tall classical statues of athletes made from Carrara marble. The stadium was built to celebrate Fascist accomplishments and the Gioventú del Littorio, the youth movement of the National Fascist Party of Italy. In its twenty-year reign, the Fascist regime used sports to introduce and instill new fascist traditions, ideals, customs, and values, with the goal of forming citizen warriors. The Stadio dei Marmi was used to host some of the field hockey preliminaries for the 1960 Summer Olympics and also hosted the opening ceremony for the 2009 World Aquatics Championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Albanian Lictor Youth</span> Youth wing of the Albanian Fascist Party

Albanian Lictor Youth was a youth organization which served as the youth wing of the Albanian Fascist Party. The Albanian Lictor Youth was one of the associated organizations of the Albanian Fascist Party, as stipulated in its statute, which was formulated in a decree of the Italian vicegerent issued on 2 June 1939.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arab Lictor Youth</span>

Arab Lictor Youth was a fascist youth organization for Arab youth in Italian Libya.

Ethiopian Lictor Youth was a fascist youth organization in Ethiopia. Founded in 1936, GEL was modelled after the Gioventù Italiana del Littorio and the Arab Lictor Youth in Libya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Accademia della Farnesina</span> Centre for sport and political education in Fascist Italy

The Academia della Farnesina, also known as the Accademia fascista maschile di educazione fisica or Accademia fascista della Farnesina, was a centre for sport and political education in Fascist Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gioventù Italiana del Littorio</span>

The Gioventù Italiana del Littorio(GIL) (English: Italian Youth of the Lictor) was the consolidated youth movement of the National Fascist Party of Italy that was established in 1937, to replace the Opera Nazionale Balilla (ONB). It was created to supervise and influence the minds of all youths, that was effectively directed against the influence of the Catholic Church on youths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arnaldo Mussolini</span> Italian journalist and politician (1885–1931)

Arnaldo Mussolini was an Italian journalist and politician. He was the brother of fascist Prime Minister of Italy Benito Mussolini, and a fascist himself. He was also the brother of Edvige Mussolini and the brother-in-law of Rachele Mussolini.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fascist Italy</span> Period of Italian history (1922–1943)

Fascist Italy is a term which is used in historiography to describe the Kingdom of Italy when it was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and Duce. The Italian fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed political opposition, while simultaneously promoting economic modernization, traditional social values and a rapprochement with the Catholic Church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stile Littorio</span>

Stile Littorio denotes an architectural language developed in Italy in the 1930s and featured in a large number of public buildings commissioned by the Fascist regime until its fall.

Fascist martyrs or Martyrs of the Fascist Revolution or Martyrs of Fascism were citizens of Fascist Italy who died for the Fascist cause and were memorialized for doing so as martyrs, beginning with the founding of the Fasci Italiani di combattimento in 1919.