The Iron Guard was a Romanian militant revolutionary religious fascist movement and political party founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael or the Legionary Movement. It was strongly anti-democratic, anti-capitalist, anti-communist, and anti-Semitic. It differed from other European far-right movements of the period due to its spiritual basis, as the Iron Guard was deeply imbued with Romanian Orthodox Christian mysticism.
Horia Sima was a Romanian fascist politician, best known as the second and last leader of the fascist paramilitary movement known as the Iron Guard. Sima was also the Vice President of the Council of Ministers and de facto co-leader in Ion Antonescu's National Legionary State. Sima had previously served briefly as State Secretary of Education under Gheorghe Tătărescu in 1940, and as a short-lived Minister of Religion and Arts in the government of Ion Gigurtu.
Ion Mihalache was a Romanian agrarian politician, the founder and leader of the Peasants' Party (PȚ) and a main figure of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ).
Noua Dreaptă is an ultranationalist, far-right organization in Romania and Moldova, founded in 2000. The party claims to be the successor to the far-right Iron Guard, with its aesthetics and ideology being directly influenced by the fascist movement and its leader, Corneliu Zelea Codreanu.
Arise Gheorghe, Arise Ioan! is a poem by Radu Gyr. In 1958 Radu Gyr was imprisoned and sentenced to death by the communist authorities of the Romanian People's Republic because of his subversive poem. The poem had asked for peasants to oppose in every way the regime's agricultural policies: it had been issued as the last wave of brutal collectivization was taking hold of the rural landscape. According to Orthodox priest Fabian Seiche, while in prison, Gyr was not treated for any illnesses he had, was often starved, and even tortured.
The relationship between the Romanian Orthodox Church and the Iron Guard was one of ambivalence. The Romanian Orthodox Church promoted its own version of nationalism which highlighted the role of Orthodoxy in preserving the Romanian identity. Starting with the 1920s, the Church became entangled with fascist politics and antisemitism. In this context, the Iron Guard, also known as the Legion of the Archangel Michael, a fascist movement founded in 1927, became very influential with church grassroots. Numerous rank-and-file priests joined the Iron Guard ranks and actively supported its policies; so did a minority of influential high-ranking clergymen such as Nicolae Bălan or Vartolomeu Stănescu.
The Everything for the Country Party was a political party founded in Romania in 1993 by former members of the fascist Iron Guard. It existed until it was banned in 2015. The party claimed to adhere to a "national-Christian" doctrine and styled itself as the successor to the interwar party of the same name. Except for the "Party" part, that is newly included.
Vasile Noveanu (1904–1992) was a Romanian activist of the Iron Guard.
The 2024 European Parliament election in Romanian was held on 9 June 2024. This was the fifth European Parliament election to be held in Romania since the country's accession to the European Union in 2007 and the first since Brexit.
Cristian-Vasile Terheș is a Romanian politician and journalist, serving as leader of the Romanian National Conservative Party since 2023, and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Romania since 2019.
The Alliance for the Union of Romanians is a right-wing populist and nationalist political party active in Romania and Moldova. It was founded on 19 September 2019 ahead of the 2020 Romanian local and legislative elections. The party president is George Simion. The party ran in the local elections, not obtaining many votes and only winning in three towns. However, in the legislative elections, the AUR won 9% of the votes in all of Romania and its diaspora, thus becoming the fourth-largest party in the country at the central level, which surprised observers.
Prince Alexandru Cantacuzino was a Romanian lawyer and politician, a leading member of the Legionary Movement, and a close collaborator of Legionary leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. He notably devised a plot to overthrow Carol II, King of Romania, a plan that would later be taken over by Legionary leader and later Vice President of the Council of Ministers Horia Sima. Cantacuzino was killed on September 22, 1939, at the prison in Râmnicu Sărat, during a retaliation operation ordered by Carol II following the assassination of Prime Minister Armand Călinescu.
It has been proposed that Romania withdraw from the European Union (EU), this sometimes being known as Roexit or Romexit.
Diana Iovanovici Șoșoacă is a Romanian lawyer, activist, and far-right politician. Șoșoacă rose to prominence as an anti-vaccine activist during the COVID-19 pandemic. She has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for S.O.S. Romania since her election in 2024.
The Romanian Nationhood Party is a far-right, Romanian nationalist political party. It was founded by Ninel Peia, a former member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). The party is critical of Hungarian-born American billionaire George Soros.
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 1 December 2024. No party won a majority in the election, which saw the incumbent National Coalition for Romania, led by the Social Democratic Party and the National Liberal Party (PNL), lose their majority in both chambers of parliament alongside significant gains by far-right parties such as the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR), S.O.S. Romania, and the Party of Young People (POT).
Presidential elections were held in Romania on 24 November 2024. A second round will be held on 8 December 2024, as no candidate achieved an absolute majority in the first round. They will be the ninth presidential elections held in post-revolution Romania. As the Romanian Constitution allows a president to be re-elected only once, the incumbent, Klaus Iohannis, first elected in 2014 and then re-elected in 2019, will conclude his second and last term in December 2024.
Force of the Right, sometimes translated as Right's Force or Right Force, is a liberal-conservative political party in Romania founded in December 2021 by Ludovic Orban, former National Liberal Party (PNL) president and former Prime Minister of Romania between 2019 and 2020, in opposition to the current leadership of the PNL which is currently officially led by Nicolae Ciucă and unofficially by Klaus Iohannis.
S.O.S. Romania is a far-right political party in Romania that was founded in 2021. The party is considered to be a right-wing populist, socially conservative, and irredentist outfit. Additionally, the party is known for its Eurosceptic stance, and is considered more radical than the right-wing Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). S.O.S Romania has been described as being closely tied to Russia. Since 2022, the party has been led by Diana Șoșoacă, then a member of the Senate of Romania, who had been elected on the AUR list.
Ernest Bernea was a Romanian sociologist, ethnographer, photographer, philosopher, poet, and far-right ideologue.
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