Goosefish

Last updated

Goosefish
Lophius budegassa.jpg
Blackbellied monkfish

( Lophius budegassa )

Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Clade: Percomorpha
Order: Lophiiformes
Suborder: Lophioidei
Regan, 1912 [1]
Family: Lophiidae
Rafinesque, 1810
Genera

see text

Goosefishes, sometimes called anglers or monkfishes, are a family, the Lophiidae, of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These fishes are found in all the world's oceans except for the Antarctic Ocean.

Contents

Taxonomy

The goosefish family, Lophiidae, was first proposed as a genus in 1810 by the French polymath and naturalist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque. [2] The Lophiidae is the only family in the monotypic suborder Lophioidei, this is one of 5 suborders of the Lophiiformes. [3] The Lophioidei is considered to be the most basal of the suborders in the order. [4]

Etymology

The goosefish family, Lophiidae, takes its name from its type genus, Lophius. Lophius means "mane" and is presumably a reference to the first 3 spines of the first dorsal fin which are tentacle like, with 3 smaller spines behind them. [5]

Genera

The goosefish family, Lophiidae, contains the following extant genera: [6]

Fossil taxa

The following extinct taxa are also among those included in the family Lophiidae: [7]

Characteristics

Goosefishes in the family Lophiidae have flattened heads and bodies covered in thin skin [10] and are further characterised by the possession of pelvic fins with the first, spiny dorsal fin having its origin close to the rear of the head and this fin is supported by between one and three spines. [3] The frontmost spine, the illicium, has a flap of flesh, the esca, at its tip and is used as a lure to attract prey to within reach of the cavernous mouth. [11] There are 4 pharyngobranchials, the 4th being toothed, and they have a large pseudobranch. The body has no scales and the frontal bones of the skull are fused. They have a very wide, flattened head, although Sladenia has a more rounded head, with well developed teeth. The lower jaw has a fringe of small flaps along its edge and these extend along the head onto the flanks. The second dorsal fin is supported by between 8 and 12 soft rays while the anal fin contains between 6 and 10 soft rays. Most taxa have 18 or 19 vertebrae but in Lophius this count is between 26 and 31. [3] The opening to the gills os located to the rear of the pectoral fin base. [12] The largest species in the family is the angler ( Lophius piscatorius ) which has a maximum published standard length of 200 cm (79 in) while the smallest is Lophiodes fimbriatus with a maximum published standard length of 7.5 cm (3.0 in). [13]

American angler (Lophius americanus) at the New England Aquarium Lophius-americanus-aquarium.jpg
American angler ( Lophius americanus ) at the New England Aquarium

Distribution

The goosefishes, family Lophiidae are found in the temperate, tropical, and subtropical Atlantic Indian and Pacific Oceans. [13]

Habitat and biology

The goosefishes are typically found on soft substrates on the continental margin, most frequently at depths greater than 200 m (660 ft), and there are species whichhave been found at depths greater than 1,000 m (3,300 ft). A few species, such as the American angler ( Lophius americanus ) are found in shallower waters, sometimes moving into bays and estuaries with high-salinity water in the winter. [14] At least in the genus Lophius the females release their spawn enclosed within a gelatinous mass, which has been compared to the spawn of toads in appearance, which floats. They have pelagic eggs and larvae with demersal juveniles and benthic adults. [15]

Utilisation

Goosefishes, particularly several of the large species in the genus Lophius, commonly known as monkfishes in northern Europe, are important commercially fished species. [16] The liver of monkfish, known as ankimo , is considered a delicacy in Japan. [17]

Related Research Articles

<i>Lophius</i> Genus of fishes

Members of the genus Lophius, also sometimes called monkfish, fishing-frogs, frog-fish, and sea-devils, are various species of lophiid anglerfishes found in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Lophius is known as the "monk" or "monkfish" to the North Sea and North Atlantic fishermen, a name which also belongs to Squatina squatina, the angelshark, a type of shark. The North European species is Lophius piscatorius, and the Mediterranean species is Lophius budegassa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ocellated frogfish</span> Species of fish

The ocellated frogfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. This fish is found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anglerfish</span> Bony fish of the teleost order Lophiiformes

The anglerfish are fish of the teleost order Lophiiformes. They are bony fish named for their characteristic mode of predation, in which a modified luminescent fin ray acts as a lure for other fish. The luminescence comes from symbiotic bacteria, which are thought to be acquired from seawater, that dwell in and around the sea.

<i>Histiophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Histiophryne is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the subfamily Histiophryninae in the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. These fishes are found in waters ranging from Taiwan to South Australia. There are currently five known species. These fishes are easily distinguished from other anglerfishes as having a reduced luring appendage, a highly evolved form of the first dorsal fin spine.

<i>Sladenia shaefersi</i> Species of fish

Sladenia shaefersi, the Atlantic twospine goosefish or Shaefer's anglerfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

Sharfia mirabilis is an extinct species of anglerfish in the family Lophiidae. It was discovered in 2011 during a review of fossil material at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. The fossil material was collected from the Monte Bolca Lagerstätte, one of the earliest known Eocene fossil sites. The undescribed genus was originally identified as Lophius brachysomus.

<i>Lophiocharon</i> Genus of fishes

Lophiocharon is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the subfamily Histiophryninae in the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. These fishes are found in the eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Phyllophryne</i> Species of fish

Phyllophryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Histiophryninae in the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. The only species in the genus is Phyllophryne scortea, the white-spotted anglerfish, smooth anglerfish or smooth frogfish, which is endemic to southern Australia.

<i>Lophiodes</i> Genus of fishes

Lophiodes is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. It is one of four extant genera in the family Lophiidae. The fish in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Lophiomus is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family, Lophiidae, the goose fishes, monkfishes or anglers. The only species in the genus is Lophiomus setigerus, the blackmouth angler, blackmouth goosefish, broadheaded angler or broadhead goosefish. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Sladenia</i> (fish) Genus of fishes

Sladenia is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lophiidae, which includes the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. These are deepwater anglers found in theIndian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Caruso brachysomus</i> Extinct species of fish

Caruso brachysomus is an extinct species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers, within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. It was described by Louis Agassiz in 1835 from the Monte Bolca locality. It became extinct during the middle Eocene.

<i>Lophiodes beroe</i> Species of fish

Lophiodes beroe, the white goosefish or white anglerfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes or anglers. This species is found in deep waters in the western Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Lophiocharon trisignatus</i> Species of fish

Lophiocharon trisignatus, the spot-tail anglerfish, rough anglerfish or three-spot frogfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Histiophryninae in the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lophius vomerinus</i> Species of marine ray-finned fish

Lophius vomerinus, the devil anglerfish, Cape monk or Cape monkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes or anglerfishes. This species is endemic to the waters of the southeastern Atlantic and southwestern Indian Oceans around Southern Africa.

<i>Lophiodes mutilus</i> Species of fish

Lophiodes mutilus, the smooth angler or smooth monkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Celebes monkfish</span> Species of fish

The Celebes monkfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goose fishes, monkfishes or anglers. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Sladenia zhui</i> Species of fish

Sladenia zhui, Chu's rounded angler, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. This species is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antennarioidei</span> Suborder of fish

Antennarioidei is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Histiophryninae</span> Subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes

Histiophryninae, the star-fingered frogfishes, is a subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Antennariidae, the frogfishes. The species in this family are found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.

References

  1. ↑ C. T. Regan (1912). "The classification of the teleostean fishes of the order Pediculati". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 8. 9: 277–289.
  2. ↑ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 1–230. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1 . PMID   25543675.
  3. 1 2 3 Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 508–518. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  4. ↑ Masaki Miya; Theodore W Pietsch; James W Orr; Rachel J Arnold; Takashi P Satoh; Andrew M Shedlock; Hsuan-Ching Ho; Mitsuomi Shimazaki; Mamoru Yabe; Mutsumi Nishida (2010). "Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a mitogenomic perspective". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (58): 58. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10...58M. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-58 . PMC   2836326 . PMID   20178642.
  5. ↑ Christopher Scharpf (14 November 2022). "Order LOPHIIFORMES (part 1): Families LOPHIIDAE, ANTENNARIIDAE, TETRABRACHIIDAE, LOPHICHTHYIDAE, BRACHIONICHTHYIDAE, CHAUNACIDAE and OGCOCEPHALIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  6. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Lophidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 1 March 2024.
  7. ↑ "Family Lophiidae Cuvier (anglerfish)". Fossilworks. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  8. ↑ Carnevale, Giorgio & Pietsch, Theodore (2012). "†Caruso, a new genus of anglerfishes from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy, with a comparative osteology and phylogeny of the teleost family Lophiidae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 10: 47–72. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.565083.
  9. ↑ "Pietsch, Theodore W; Giorgio Carnevale,. "A New Genus and Species of Anglerfish (Teleostei: Lophiiformes: Lophiidae) from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy."". Copeia. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. March 14, 2011. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  10. ↑ A. C. Fariña; M. Azevedo; J. Landa; R. Duarte; P. Sampedro; G. Costas; M. A. Torres; and L. Cañás (2008). "Lophius in the world: a synthesis on the common features and life strategies". ICES Journal of Marine Science. 65 (7): 1272–1280. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn140.
  11. ↑ "Anglerfish". Laboratory News. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  12. ↑ "Family: LOPHIIDAE, Anglerfishes, Goosefish, Goosefishes". Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute . Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  13. 1 2 Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2024). "Lophiidae" in FishBase . February 2024 version.
  14. ↑ John H. Caruso (2002). "Order LOPHIIFORMES LOPHIIDAE Anglerfishes (goosefishes, monkfishes)". In Kent E. Carpenter (ed.). Volume 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic. FAO, Rome. pp. 1043–1070. ISBN   92-5-104826-6.
  15. ↑ Érica Pellegrini Caramaschi; Marcelo Vianna (2009). "Biology and Ecology of Anglerfishes of the genus Lophius (Lophiidae, Lophiiformes) witgh emphasis in Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Rineiro, 1915: Current Status". Oecologia Brasiliensis - Artigos de revisão - Edição submissões espontâneas (in Portuguese). 11 (4).
  16. ↑ John H. Caruso (2005). "Lophiidae". Tree of Life web project. Retrieved 4 April 2006.
  17. ↑ Nami (9 December 2018). "Ankimo あん肝". justonecookbook. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.