KIC 3542116

Last updated
KIC 3542116
TYC 3134-1024-1 SDSS.jpg
SDSS image of KIC 3542116 (center) with its orange companion (KOI-4987) at the top.
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Lyra
Right ascension 19h 22m 52.9408736880s
Declination +38° 41′ 41.489123208″
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.03 [1]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage main-sequence star
Spectral type F2V [1]
Variable type rotational variable [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)–21.1 ± 0.7 [1] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 6.320±0.013 mas/yr [3]
Dec.: -3.016±0.015 mas/yr [3]
Parallax (π)4.4194±0.0115  mas [3]
Distance 738 ± 2  ly
(226.3 ± 0.6  pc)
Details [1]
Mass 1.47 ±0.10  M☉
Radius 1.56 ±0.15  R☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.22 ±0.12  cgs
Temperature 6918 ±122  K
Metallicity 0.04 ±0.11
Rotation 1.08 ±0.02 [2] days
Rotational velocity (v sin i)57.3 ±0.3 km/s
Other designations
TYC  3134-1024-1, GSC  03134-01024, LAMOST  J192252.93+384141.4, 2MASS  J19225293+3841415, TIC  122519163, Gaia  DR1 2052852771010196992
Database references
SIMBAD data
KIC data

KIC 3542116 (also called TYC 3134-1024-1) is an F-type star in the constellation Lyra. Around this star the first detection of transiting exocomets were made in 2018. [1]

Contents

Host star

KIC 3542116 has a spectral type of F2V from spectroscopy taken at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory. While the star does not show clear signs of being young, the scientists suspect the star to be young. [1] The star is co-moving [2] with a M1.9-type [4] red dwarf called KOI-4987 (KIC 3542117); a planet candidate around this star, KOI-4987.01, is a false positive. [5] This star has an 23 day rotation that leaks into the Kepler light curve of KIC 3542116. [1]

Exocomets

light curve showing the deepest exocomet transit of KIC 3542116. Top shows the variability by the star and the transit and bottom has the variability removed. Figure 1 by Luk'yanyk et al. 2024 KIC3542116 light curve.tif
light curve showing the deepest exocomet transit of KIC 3542116. Top shows the variability by the star and the transit and bottom has the variability removed. Figure 1 by Luk’yanyk et al. 2024

The employment consultant and citizen scientist of the Planet Hunters project Thomas Jacobs did look trough light curves of 201,250 target stars from the Kepler Space Telescope and found three potential transiting exocomets around KIC 3542116. Three more shallow transits were later discovered in the light curve. [1] [7] Transiting exocomets were already modelled in the 90s by A. Lecavelier Des Etangs et al. This team predicted a rounded triangular shape that is distinct from transiting exoplanets. [8] [9] The team of scientists found just such a shape, with a "steeper ingresses with positive curvature, followed by longer egresses with negative curvature" for the three deeper transits. [1] The transits were later also detected in an automated search for exocomets. [10] Another work did detect 8 transits in total (including previous detected transits). Modelling did show that the transits agree well with known comets from the Solar System, such as Halley's Comet, comet Hale–Bopp and C/2006 S3 (LONEOS). The shallow transits are produced by comets moving closer to the star (about 1 astronomical unit) and produce dust particles with a size of 0.1 and 20 μm. The deeper transits are produced by comets orbiting further away (around 5 astronomical units) and produce larger dust particles with a size greater than 5 μm. The study has shown that the shape of the transit is influenced by a varaiety of factors, such as particle size, distribution and distance to the star. The depth and duration of the transit is influenced by the dust productivity of the comet nucleus and the impact parameter. The dust productivity is higher for exocomets with shallow dips that orbit the star closer. [6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Rappaport, S.; Vanderburg, A.; Jacobs, T.; LaCourse, D.; Jenkins, J.; Kraus, A.; Rizzuto, A.; Latham, D. W.; Bieryla, A.; Lazarevic, M.; Schmitt, A. (2018-02-21). "Likely transiting exocomets detected by Kepler". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (2): 1453–1468. arXiv: 1708.06069 . Bibcode:2018MNRAS.474.1453R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx2735 . ISSN   0035-8711. PMC   5943639 . PMID   29755143.
  2. 1 2 3 Gruner, D.; Barnes, S. A.; Janes, K. A. (July 2023). "Wide binaries demonstrate the consistency of rotational evolution between open cluster and field stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 675: A180. arXiv: 2307.10836 . Bibcode:2023A&A...675A.180G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346590. ISSN   0004-6361.
  3. 1 2 3 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 649: A1. arXiv: 2012.01533 . Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 . S2CID   227254300. (Erratum:  doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. ↑ Birky, Jessica; Hogg, David W.; Mann, Andrew W.; Burgasser, Adam (March 2020). "Temperatures and Metallicities of M Dwarfs in the APOGEE Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 892 (1): 31. arXiv: 2001.04962 . Bibcode:2020ApJ...892...31B. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab7004 . ISSN   0004-637X.
  5. ↑ "KOI-4987 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  6. 1 2 Luk’yanyk, I.; Kulyk, I.; Shubina, O.; Pavlenko, Ya; Vasylenko, M.; Dobrycheva, D.; Korsun, P. (2024-08-01). "Numerical simulations of exocomet transits: Insights from β Pic and KIC 3542116". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 688: A65. arXiv: 2407.17961 . Bibcode:2024A&A...688A..65L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348498. ISSN   0004-6361.
  7. ↑ "Scientists detect comets outside our solar system". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  8. ↑ Lecavelier Des Etangs, A.; Vidal-Madjar, A.; Burki, G.; Lamers, H. J. G. L. M.; Ferlet, R.; Nitschelm, C.; Sevre, F. (December 1997). "Beta Pictoris light variations. I. The planetary hypothesis". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 328: 311. Bibcode:1997A&A...328..311L. ISSN   0004-6361.
  9. ↑ Lecavelier Des Etangs, A.; Vidal-Madjar, A.; Ferlet, R. (21 Dec 1998). "Photometric stellar variation due to extra-solar comets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 343: 916. arXiv: astro-ph/9812381 . Bibcode:1999A&A...343..916L. ISSN   0004-6361.
  10. ↑ Kennedy, Grant M.; Hope, Greg; Hodgkin, Simon T.; Wyatt, Mark C. (2019-02-01). "An automated search for transiting exocomets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 482 (4): 5587–5596. arXiv: 1811.03102 . Bibcode:2019MNRAS.482.5587K. doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty3049 . ISSN   0035-8711. S2CID   53691133.
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