Kepler-13

Last updated
Kepler-13
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Lyra [1]
Kepler-13 A
Right ascension 19h 07m 53.1397s [2]
Declination 46° 52 05.922 [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)9.95 [3]
Kepler-13 B
Right ascension 19h 07m 53.0281s [4]
Declination 46° 52 06.126 [4]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.33 [5]
Characteristics
Spectral type A4
Variable type Planetary transit variable [6]
Astrometry
Kepler-13 A
Proper motion (μ)RA: −4.411(42)  mas/yr [2]
Dec.: −15.220(50)  mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)2.0319 ± 0.0344  mas [2]
Distance 1,610 ± 30  ly
(492 ± 8  pc)
Kepler-13 B
Proper motion (μ)RA: −4.060(33)  mas/yr [4]
Dec.: −15.512(40)  mas/yr [4]
Parallax (π)2.0912 ± 0.0263  mas [4]
Distance 1,560 ± 20  ly
(478 ± 6  pc)
Details [7]
Kepler-13A
Mass 1.72±0.10  M
Radius 1.71±0.04  R
Surface gravity (log g)4.2±0.5  cgs
Temperature 7650±250  K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.2±0.2  dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)78±15 km/s
Age 0.5±0.1  Gyr
Kepler-13B
Mass 1.68±0.10  M
Radius 1.68±0.04  R
Surface gravity (log g)4.2±0.5  cgs
Temperature 7530±250  K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.2±0.2  dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)69±13 km/s
Age 0.5±0.1  Gyr
Other designations
BD+46 2629, ADS  12085 AB, WDS J19079+4652AB, KOI-13, KIC  9941662, 2MASS J19075308+4652061 [3]
Database references
SIMBAD data

Kepler-13 or KOI-13 is a stellar triple star system consisting of Kepler-13A, around which an orbiting hot Jupiter exoplanet was discovered with the Kepler space telescope in 2011, and Kepler-13B a common proper motion companion star which has an additional star orbiting it. [8]

Contents

Stellar system

The multiple nature of the system was discovered in 1904 by Robert Grant Aitken at Lick Observatory. He measured a separation between the A and B components of approximately one arc second and position angle of 281.3° with the 36" James Lick telescope. [9] The position of the two visual components of the system relative to each other has remained constant since 1904. [10] Radial velocity measurements taken with the SOPHIE échelle spectrograph at the Haute-Provence Observatory revealed an additional companion orbiting Kepler-13B. This companion has a mass of between 0.4 and 1 times that of the Sun and orbits with a period of 65.831 days with an eccentricity of 0.52 [8]

Planetary system

Kepler-13 was identified as one of 1235 planetary candidates with transit-like signatures in the first four months of Kepler data. [11] It was confirmed as a planet by measuring the Doppler beaming effect on the Kepler light curve. [6] The planet that has been confirmed, having a radius of between 1.5 and 2.6 RJ, is also one of the largest known exoplanets.

The planet is likely to be tidally locked to the parent star. In 2015, the planetary nightside temperature was estimated to be equal to 2394±251 K. [12]

The study in 2012, utilizing a Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, have determined the planetary orbit is mildly misaligned with the equatorial plane of the star, misalignment equal to 24±4°. [13]

The planetary transits are changing in duration over time which is likely caused by the interaction of the planet with its host star. [14] [15]

In 2017, Hubble observations by a team of astronomers led by Thomas Beatty revealed that titanium monoxide molecules in the dayside might be carried to the nightside of the planet, where they form clouds and precipitate. [16]

The Kepler-13 planetary system [17]
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(days)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b9.28(16)  MJ 0.03641(87)1.763588(1)0.00064+0.00012
−0.00016
86.770+0.048
−0.052
°
2.216(87)  RJ

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-4b</span> Extrasolar planet in the constellation Draco

Kepler-4b, initially known as KOI 7.01, is an extrasolar planet first detected as a transit by the Kepler spacecraft. Its radius and mass are similar to that of Neptune; however, due to its proximity to its host star, it is substantially hotter than any planet in the Solar System. The planet's discovery was announced on January 4, 2010, in Washington, D.C., along with four other planets that were initially detected by the Kepler spacecraft and subsequently confirmed by telescopes at the W.M. Keck Observatory.

Kepler-18 is a star with almost the same mass as the Sun in the Cygnus constellation.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-56</span> Red giant star in the constellation Cygnus

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-25</span> Yellow-white hued star in the constellation Lyra

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-138</span> Red dwarf in the constellation Lyra

Kepler-138, also known as KOI-314, is a red dwarf located in the constellation Lyra, 219 light years from Earth. It is located within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets transiting their stars.

Kepler-30 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 01m 08.0746s Declination +38° 56′ 50.218″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.5, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Kepler-30 is exhibiting a strong starspot activity.

Kepler-29 is a Sun-like star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19h 53m 23.6018s, Declination +47° 29′ 28.437″. With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.456, this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is a solar analog, having a close mass, radius, and temperature as the Sun. Currently the age of the star has not been determined due to its 2780 light-year distance. As of 2016 no Jovian exoplanets of 0.9–1.4 MJ have been found at a distance of 5 AU.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-444</span> Triple star system in the constellation of Lyra

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-21</span> Star in the constellation Lyra

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References

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