List of exoplanet search projects

Last updated

The following is a list of exoplanet search projects.

Contents

Ground-based search projects

Project nameStatusNumber of exoplanets foundNotes
Anglo-Australian Planet Search (AAPS) Active28 (as of February 2014)
Automated Planet Finder (APF)Active0based at the Lick Observatory (also known as the Rocky Planet Finder) [1]
Carl Sagan Institute Active0
CARMENES [2] Active20+based at Calar Alto Observatory
CORALIE spectrograph Active5based at Leonhard Euler Telescope
East-Asian Planet Search Network (EAPSNET) Active1
ELODIE Decommissioned4
EPICS Future (2030?)N/Abased at the E-ELT [3] [4]
ESPRESSO ActiveN/Abased at the VLT [5] [6]
EXPRES ActiveN/Abased at the Lowell Discovery Telescope [7]
FINDS Exo-Earths Active0based at the 3m telescope at Lick Observatory [8]
Gemini Planet Imager (GPI)Active1 [9]
Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Active1+
High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS)Active130+ [10]
HARPS-N Active18+ [11]
HATNet and HATSouth Projects (HAT)Active109 [12] [13]
Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK)Active0 (A few candidates, including Kepler-1625 b I)
HiCIAO Active0
High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES)Active7+ [14] based at the W. M. Keck Observatory
KELT Decommissioned [15] 26 [15]
Lick–Carnegie Exoplanet Survey (LCES)Active1+
Magellan Planet Search Program Active10+
MARVELS Active1+ [16]
MASCARA Active5 [17]
MEarth Project Active3 [18]
Microlensing Follow-Up Network (MicroFUN)Merged with PLANET 10
Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA)Active8Mt. John University Observatory
MINiature Exoplanet Radial Velocity Array (MINERVA)Active0
N2K Consortium Active7
New Mexico Exoplanet Spectroscopic Survey Instrument (NESSI)Active0
Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS)Active20 [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] at Paranal, since 2015
Okayama Planet Search Program (OPSP)Active6
Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE)Active17+
PlanetPol Decommissioned0
PRL Advanced Radial-velocity All-sky Search (PARAS)Active3 [28] [29] [30] Spectrograph integrated with the 1.2m Gurushikhar Observatory in Mount Abu, India.
Project 1640 Active0+
Qatar Exoplanet Survey (QES)Active9 [31]
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI)Active0
SOPHIE échelle spectrograph Active0+ [32]
Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research (SPHERE)Active1+ [33]
SPECULOOS Commissioning-Searching 1,200 nearby "Ultra Cool Dwarfs" (M7 and later). Successor to TRAPPIST. [34]
Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (SEEDS)Active1+ [35]
SuperWASP (WASP)Active191 [36] [37]
Systemic Active0an amateur search project
The Habitable Exoplanet Hunting Project Active1 (candidate) [38] [39] International network of more than 30 observatories including universities and amateur astronomers.
Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TrES)Decommissioned5
Transiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope (TRAPPIST)Active7Searching 50 nearby "Ultra Cool Dwarfs" (M7 and later). Prototype for SPECULOOS.
XO Telescope (XO)Active7
ZIMPOL/CHEOPS Active0subsystem of the VLT-SPHERE instrument, based at the VLT [40]
COCONUTS Active3 [41] [42] [43] Large-scale survey for wide-orbit planetary and substellar companions [44]

Space missions

Past and current

NameLaunch dateEnd dateNumber of exoplanets foundCurrent candidatesTelescope use
MOST June 20, 2003March 20191+0First spacecraft dedicated to the study of asteroseismology
EPOXI July 21, 2005August 8, 201300Characterized planets and fly-by of comet
SWEEPS 20062006160Based from the HST, a short 7 day mission looking for exoplanets
CoRoT December 27, 2006November 2, 201234600Mission to look for exoplanets using the transit method
Kepler March 7, 2009August 15, 20133,2464711Mission to look for large numbers of exoplanets using the transit method
K2 November 18, 2013October 30, 2018427891 (+627 microlensing events)After the reaction wheels failed on Kepler, this mission was created
Gaia December 19, 2013Ongoing00Map 1 billion astronomical objects in the Milky Way (First data Release November 2, 2016)
ASTERIA November 2017December 5, 201900 CubeSat, technology demonstrator
TESS April 18, 2018Ongoing233+3,876To search for new exoplanets; rotating so by the end of its two-year mission it will have observed stars from all over the sky. It is expected to find at least 3,000 new exoplanets.
CHEOPS 2019 [45] Ongoing2+0To learn more about how exoplanets form, probe atmospheres, and characterize super-Earths. 20% of time will be open to community use. [46] Duration: 3.5 (+ 1.5 goal) years
JWST Commissioned on 25, December 2021Ongoing 1 0To study atmospheres of known exoplanets and find some Jupiter-sized exoplanets Duration: 5 (+ 5 goal) years
2,757 (3,941 Total) [47] 3,914

Planned

NameLaunch dateMission objectivesDuration PLATO 2026 (Ariane 62)To search for and characterize rocky planets around stars like our own.4 (+4 goal) years
ARIEL 2029 (Ariane 62)Observe exoplanets using the transit method, study and characterise the planets' chemical composition and thermal structures4 years
RST 2026To search for and study exoplanets while studying dark matter. It is expected to find about 2,500 planets.6 years
TOLIMAN 2024Detect exoplanets in Alpha Centauri using astrometry.3 years

Proposed

Canceled

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 189733</span> Binary star system in the constellation Vulpecula

HD 189733, also catalogued as V452 Vulpeculae, is a binary star system 64.5 light-years away in the constellation of Vulpecula. The primary star is suspected to be an orange dwarf star, while the secondary star is a red dwarf star. Given that this system has the same visual magnitude as HD 209458, it promises much for the study of close transiting extrasolar planets. The star can be found with binoculars 0.3 degrees east of the Dumbbell Nebula (M27).

The Hungarian Automated Telescope Network (HATNet) project is a network of six small fully automated "HAT" telescopes. The scientific goal of the project is to detect and characterize extrasolar planets using the transit method. This network is used also to find and follow bright variable stars. The network is maintained by the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Planet Hunters</span> Citizen science project to find exoplanets

Planet Hunters is a citizen science project to find exoplanets using human eyes. It does this by having users analyze data from the NASA Kepler space telescope and the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. It was launched by a team led by Debra Fischer at Yale University, as part of the Zooniverse project.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exocomet</span> Comet outside the Solar System

An exocomet, or extrasolar comet, is a comet outside the Solar System, which includes rogue comets and comets that orbit stars other than the Sun. The first exocomets were detected in 1987 around Beta Pictoris, a very young A-type main-sequence star. There are now a total of 27 stars around which exocomets have been observed or suspected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Next-Generation Transit Survey</span> Ground-based robotic search for exoplanets

The Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) is a ground-based robotic search for exoplanets. The facility is located at Paranal Observatory in the Atacama desert in northern Chile, about 2 km from ESO's Very Large Telescope and 0.5 km from the VISTA Survey Telescope. Science operations began in early 2015. The astronomical survey is managed by a consortium of seven European universities and other academic institutions from Chile, Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Prototypes of the array were tested in 2009 and 2010 on La Palma, and from 2012 to 2014 at Geneva Observatory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGTS-3Ab</span> Giant exoplanet in the constellation Columba

NGTS-3Ab is a gas giant exoplanet that orbits a G-type star. Its mass is 2.38 Jupiters, it takes 1.7 days to complete one orbit of its star, and is 0.023 AU from its star. Its discovery was announced in 2018. The Jupiter-like planet is discovered by 39 astronomers, mainly Max Günther, Didier Queloz, Edward Gillen, Laetitia Delrez, and Francois Bouchy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neptunian desert</span> Stellar region without planets equivalent to or above Neptune

The Neptunian desert or sub-Jovian desert is broadly defined as the region close to a star (period < 2–4 days) where no Neptune-sized ( > 0.1 MJ) exoplanets are found. This zone receives strong irradiation from the star, meaning the planets cannot retain their gaseous atmospheres: They evaporate, leaving just a rocky core.

NGTS-1 is a solitary red dwarf located in the constellation Columba. With an apparent magnitude of 15.52, it requires a powerful telescope to be seen. The star is located 716 light years away from the Solar System, and is drifting away with a high radial velocity of 97.2 km/s (60.4 mi/s).

References

  1. ↑ "Mt. Hamilton Telescopes: Carnegie Double Astrograph". www.ucolick.org. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  2. ↑ "carmenes". carmenes. Retrieved 2018-06-08.
  3. ↑ "E-ELT". www.eelt.org.uk. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  4. ↑ ESO. "ESO - The European ELT". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  5. ↑ ESO. "ESO - Espresso". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  6. ↑ F., Pepe; P., Molaro; S., Cristiani; R., Rebolo; C., Santos, N.; H., Dekker; D., Mégevand; M., Zerbi, F.; A., Cabral (2014-01-23). "ESPRESSO: The next European exoplanet hunter". arXiv: 1401.5918 [astro-ph.IM].{{cite arXiv}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ↑ Jurgenson, C.; Fischer, D.; McCracken, T.; Sawyer, D.; Szymkowiak, A.; Davis, A.; Muller, G.; Santoro, F. (2016). "EXPRES: A next generation RV spectrograph in the search for earth-like worlds". In Evans, Christopher J; Simard, Luc; Takami, Hideki (eds.). Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI. Vol. 9908. pp. 99086T. arXiv: 1606.04413 . doi:10.1117/12.2233002. S2CID   119210955.
  8. ↑ "FINDS Exo-Earths". www.planetary.org. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  9. ↑ "Planet Imager » About". planetimager.org. 21 August 2015. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  10. ↑ ESO. "ESO - HARPS". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  11. ↑ "Confirmed Planets". Exoplanet Archive. Caltech. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  12. ↑ "HATNet / Planets". hatnet.org. The HATNet Exoplanet Survey. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
  13. ↑ "HATSouth / Planets". hatsouth.org. The HATSouth Exoplanet Survey. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
  14. ↑ Butler, R. Paul; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Vogt, Steven S.; Fischer, Debra A.; Henry, Gregory W.; Laughlin, Gregory; Wright, Jason T. (2003). "Seven New Keck Planets Orbiting G and K Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 582 (1): 455–466. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582..455B. doi: 10.1086/344570 . S2CID   17608922.
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  17. ↑ Dorval, P.; et al. (2020). "MASCARA-4 b/B Ring-1 b: A retrograde hot Jupiter around a bright A-type star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 635: A60. arXiv: 1904.02733 . Bibcode:2020A&A...635A..60D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935611. S2CID   102351446.
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  19. ↑ Next Generation Transit Survey Finds its First Planet, NGTS-1b. Sci Tech Daily. October 31, 2017
  20. ↑ Günther, Maximilian N.; et al. (2018). "Unmasking the hidden NGTS-3Ab: A hot Jupiter in an unresolved binary system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478 (4): 4720–4737. arXiv: 1805.01378 . Bibcode:2018MNRAS.478.4720G. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1193. S2CID   119072135.
  21. ↑ Raynard, Liam; et al. (2018). "NGTS-2b: An inflated hot-Jupiter transiting a bright F-dwarf". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 481 (4): 4960–4970. arXiv: 1805.10449 . Bibcode:2018MNRAS.481.4960R. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2581. S2CID   54591252.
  22. ↑ Acton, Jack S.; Goad, Michael R.; Burleigh, Matthew R.; Casewell, Sarah L.; Breytenbach, Hannes; Nielsen, Louise D.; Smith, Gareth; Anderson, David R.; Battley, Matthew P.; Bayliss, Daniel; Bouchy, François (2021-06-12). "NGTS-19b : A high mass transiting brown dwarf in a 17-day eccentric orbit". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 505 (2): 2741–2752. arXiv: 2105.08574 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1459. ISSN   0035-8711.
  23. ↑ Ulmer-Moll, S.; Lendl, M.; Gill, S.; Villanueva, S.; Hobson, M. J.; Bouchy, F.; Brahm, R.; Dragomir, D.; Grieves, N.; Mordasini, C.; Anderson, D. R. (2022-07-08). "Two long-period transiting exoplanets on eccentric orbits: NGTS-20 b (TOI-5152 b) and TOI-5153 B". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 666: A46. arXiv: 2207.03911 . Bibcode:2022A&A...666A..46U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243583. S2CID   250408027.
  24. ↑ Tilbrook, Rosanna H.; Burleigh, Matthew R.; Costes, Jean C.; Gill, Samuel; Nielsen, Louise D.; Vines, José I.; Queloz, Didier; Hodgkin, Simon T.; Worters, Hannah L.; Goad, Michael R.; Acton, Jack S. (2021-05-25). "NGTS 15b, 16b, 17b and 18b: four hot Jupiters from the Next Generation Transit Survey". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504 (4): 6018–6032. arXiv: 2103.10302 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stab815. ISSN   0035-8711.
  25. ↑ Bryant, Edward M.; Bayliss, Daniel; Nielsen, Louise D.; Veras, Dimitri; Acton, Jack S.; Anderson, David R.; Armstrong, David J.; Bouchy, Francois; Briegal, Joshua T.; Burleigh, Matthew R.; Cabrera, Juan (2020-10-24). "NGTS-12b: A sub-Saturn mass transiting exoplanet in a 7.53 day orbit". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 499 (3): 3139–3148. arXiv: 2009.10620 . doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2976. ISSN   0035-8711.
  26. ↑ Jackman, James A. G.; Wheatley, Peter J.; Bayliss, Dan; Gill, Samuel; Hodgkin, Simon T.; Burleigh, Matthew R.; Braker, Ian P.; Günther, Maximilian N.; Louden, Tom; Turner, Oliver; Anderson, David R. (2019-11-11). "NGTS-7Ab: An ultra-short period brown dwarf transiting a tidally-locked and active M dwarf". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 489 (4): 5146–5164. arXiv: 1906.08219 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2496. ISSN   0035-8711.
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  34. ↑ Delrez, Laetitia; et al. (2018). "SPECULOOS: A network of robotic telescopes to hunt for terrestrial planets around the nearest ultracool dwarfs". In Spyromilio, Jason; Marshall, Heather K; Gilmozzi, Roberto (eds.). Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VII. Vol. 10700. pp. 107001I. arXiv: 1806.11205 . Bibcode:2018SPIE10700E..1ID. doi:10.1117/12.2312475. ISBN   9781510619531. S2CID   119012966.
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  45. ↑ "ESA Science & Technology - CHEOPS exoplanet mission meets key milestones en route to 2017 launch". sci.esa.int.
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