3C 382

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3C 382
3C 382 Pan-STARRS i.r.g. jpg.jpg
The radio galaxy 3C 382.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Lyra
Right ascension 18h 35m 03.3900s
Declination +32° 41′ 46.857″
Redshift 0.055565
Heliocentric radial velocity 16,658 km/s
Distance 762 Mly
Apparent magnitude  (V)15.39
Apparent magnitude  (B)16.50
Characteristics
Type BLRG, Sy1
Notable featuresBroad-line radio galaxy
Other designations
CTA 80, PGC 62082, DA 457, 4C 32.55, 2MASX J18350342+3241471, NRAO 570, PBC J1835.0+3241, TXS 1833+326

3C 382 is a nearby broad-line radio galaxy [1] [2] located in the constellation of Lyra, located at a redshift of (z) 0.058. [3] First discovered as an astronomical radio source in 1963 [4] and identified with its optical counterpart in 1973, the galaxy is classified as a Fanaroff-Riley class II radio galaxy. [5] Its X-ray luminosity is estimated to be 7×1044  erg/s in the 0.2–2.4  keV band. [6]

Contents

Description

The host galaxy of 3C 382 is an elliptical galaxy located in a rich environment. [7] It contains a nucleus like other galaxies although it is described being bright and unsolved with a smooth galactic halo. [8] In addition, the host is also found to be interacting with its companion, a large barred spiral galaxy located 85.1 arcseconds away with a position angle of 67.7°. There is a loop formed by the two long filaments connected to both galaxies. [9]

Very Large Array radio imaging of 3C 382 shows the source has a wider extension of more than 2 arcmin. [10] Its radio structure is double-lobed and it has a jet originating from its northern radio lobe which terminates at a hotspot region. The southern radio lobe of 3C 382 also has a hotspot region, but has no clear indication of a counterpart jet although detections of low polarization are present. [7] Very-long-baseline interferometry observations at 8.4 GHz also showed the jet is extended. [11]

A low-brightness tail can be seen in its eastern component leading back to the host galaxy. [12] Furthermore, the northeast component's ridge line of 3C 382 shows a wiggle extending in a southwest direction from the outer hotspot, subsequently heading west and southwest again before joining the main component. [13]

A large amplitude outburst was detected in 3C 382 in mid-1977 which lasted for a month on a time scale. Although its infrared flux was found to be constant during the outburst onset, it displayed increased levels at 2.28 µm in 1978. Furthermore, the extension of the spectral flux distribution flattened between the values of 2.20 and 10 µm. [14] In 1985, EXOSAT observations detected another outburst in the galaxy where its medium and low energy spectra showed maximum to minimum variations of 120% and 110% respectively. [15]

The supermassive black hole in 3C 382 is estimated to be (1.0±0.3)×109  M☉ based on a reverberation mapping. [3] Parsec-scale disk wind was also detected by Chandra X-ray Observatory in 2009. [16]

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References

  1. ↑ Barr, P.; Giommi, P. (1992-04-01). "Extensive X-ray monitoring of the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 382". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 255: 495. Bibcode:1992MNRAS.255..495B. doi: 10.1093/mnras/255.3.495 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  2. ↑ Grandi, Paola; Maraschi, Laura; Urry, C. Megan; Matt, Giorgio (2001-07-20). "Weak Reprocessed Features in the Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 3C 382". The Astrophysical Journal. 556 (1): 35–41. arXiv: astro-ph/0103413 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...556...35G. doi:10.1086/321546. ISSN   0004-637X.
  3. 1 2 Ursini, F; Petrucci, P-O; Matt, G; Bianchi, S; Cappi, M; Dadina, M; Grandi, P; Torresi, E; Ballantyne, D R; De Marco, B; De Rosa, A; Giroletti, M; Malzac, J; Marinucci, A; Middei, R (2018-05-15). "Radio/X-ray monitoring of the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 382. High-energy view with XMM–Newton and NuSTAR". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478 (2): 2663–2675. arXiv: 1805.06229 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty1258 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  4. ↑ Bennett, A. S. (1962-01-01). "The revised 3C catalogue of radio sources". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 68: 163. Bibcode:1962MmRAS..68..163B.
  5. ↑ Canosa, C. M.; Worrall, D. M.; Hardcastle, M. J.; Birkinshaw, M. (1999-11-21). "X-ray observations of low-power radio galaxies from the B2 catalogue". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 310 (1): 30–38. arXiv: astro-ph/9907009 . Bibcode:1999MNRAS.310...30C. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02923.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  6. ↑ Prieto, M. Almudena (August 2000). "Extended X-ray emission in the radio-loud galaxy 3C 382". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 316 (2): 442–448. arXiv: astro-ph/0003135 . Bibcode:2000MNRAS.316..442P. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03527.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  7. 1 2 Aretxaga, I.; Terlevich, E.; Terlevich, R. J.; Cotter, G.; Diaz, A. I. (2001-08-01). "Stellar populations in the nuclear regions of nearby radio galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 325 (2): 636–648. arXiv: astro-ph/0103059 . Bibcode:2001MNRAS.325..636A. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04463.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  8. ↑ Martel, André R.; Baum, Stefi A.; Sparks, William B.; Wyckoff, Eric; Biretta, John A.; Golombek, Daniel; Macchetto, Ferdinando D.; de Koff, Sigrid; McCarthy, Patrick J.; Miley, George K. (May 1999). "Hubble Space Telescope Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts. III. Radio Galaxies with z<0.1". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 122 (1): 81–108. Bibcode:1999ApJS..122...81M. doi:10.1086/313205. ISSN   0067-0049.
  9. ↑ Roche, Nathan; Eales, Stephen A. (September 2000). "Optical/ultraviolet morphology and alignment of low-redshift radio galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 317 (1): 120–140. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.317..120R. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03684.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  10. ↑ Parma, P.; de Ruiter, H. R.; Fanti, C.; Fanti, R. (1986-04-01). "VLA observations of low luminosity radio galaxies. I. Sources with angular size smaller than two arcminutes". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 64: 135–171. Bibcode:1986A&AS...64..135P. ISSN   0365-0138.
  11. ↑ Giovannini, G.; Cotton, W. D.; Feretti, L.; Lara, L.; Venturi, T. (2001-05-10). "VLBI Observations of a Complete Sample of Radio Galaxies: 10 Years Later". The Astrophysical Journal. 552 (2): 508–526. arXiv: astro-ph/0101096 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...552..508G. doi:10.1086/320581. ISSN   0004-637X.
  12. ↑ Riley, J. M.; Branson, N. J. B. A. (1973-01-01). "New observations of 3C 382, 3C 452 and 3C 465 at 2.7 and 5 GHz". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 164 (3): 271–287. doi: 10.1093/mnras/164.3.271 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  13. ↑ Strom, R. G.; Willis, A. G.; Wilson, A. S. (1978-08-01). "Two-frequency high resolution observations of 3C 382 and 3C 386". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 68: 367–379. Bibcode:1978A&A....68..367S. ISSN   0004-6361.
  14. ↑ Puschell, J. J. (1981-01-01). "Visual-infrared variations in the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 382". The Astronomical Journal. 86: 16–18. Bibcode:1981AJ.....86...16P. doi:10.1086/112850. ISSN   0004-6256.
  15. ↑ Ghosh, K. K.; Soundararajaperumal, S. (1992-04-01). "EXOSAT Observations of the Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 3C 382". The Astrophysical Journal. 389: 179. Bibcode:1992ApJ...389..179G. doi:10.1086/171195. ISSN   0004-637X.
  16. ↑ Reeves, J. N.; Sambruna, R. M.; Braito, V.; Eracleous, Michael (2009-09-01). "Chandra Detection of a Parsec Scale Wind in the Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 3C 382". The Astrophysical Journal. 702 (2): L187 –L190. arXiv: 0908.1715 . Bibcode:2009ApJ...702L.187R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/L187. ISSN   0004-637X.
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