List of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country

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This is a list of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country. For explanation, see the article about the Gregorian calendar.

Contents

Except where stated otherwise, the transition was a move by the civil authorities from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. In religious sources it could be that the Julian calendar was used for a longer period of time, in particular by Protestant and Eastern Orthodox churches. The historic area does not necessarily match the present-day area or country. The column "Present country" only provides a logic search entry. With a few exceptions, the former colonies of European powers are not shown separately.

There are only four countries which have not adopted the Gregorian calendar for civil use: Ethiopia (Ethiopian calendar), Nepal (Vikram Samvat and Nepal Sambat), Iran (Solar Hijri calendar) [1] and Afghanistan (Lunar Hijri Calendar). [2] Thailand has adopted the Gregorian calendar for days and months, but uses its own era for years: the Buddhist era. Many countries also continue to use traditional calendars for religious and ceremonial purposes.

List

Legend

  Abandoning the Gregorian calendar
Present countryHistoric areaYearDate of the
last day
before the
change		Date of the
first day
after the
change		Days
omitted		ParticularsSource
Albania Albania191214 Nov28 Nov13Albanian Catholics have used the Gregorian calendar since 5 Oct 1583. [3] [4]
Armenia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [5]
Austria Carinthia 158314 Dec25 Dec10 [6]
Austria Lower Austria 158320 Oct31 Oct10 [6]
Austria Salzburg 158310 Feb21 Feb10 [6]
Austria Styria 158311 Dec22 Dec10 [6]
Austria Tyrol, Further Austria 15834 Oct15 Oct10 [6]
Austria Upper Austria 158320 Oct31 Oct10 [6]
Azerbaijan Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [5]
Belarus Grand Duchy of Lithuania 158521 Dec1 Jan
(1586)		10 [7]
Belarus Lithuania Governorate 180011 Jan1 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar
Belarus Grodno Governorate 191522 Aug5 Sept13
Belarus Soviet Russia 191831 Jan14 Feb13
Belgium Flanders 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [8]
Belgium Liège 158310 Feb21 Feb10Edict of Philip II of Spain followed [8] [9] [10]
Belgium Southern Netherlands 158220 Dec31 Dec10or one day later; areas under Spanish rule: Artois, occupied Brabant, occupied Flanders, Hainaut, Limburg, Luxemburg, Namur [9] [11] [12]
Bulgaria Bulgaria 191631 Mar14 Apr13
Cambodia French colonial empire 1863N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Canada French colonial empire 15829 Dec20 Dec10
Canada Nova Scotia 171013 Oct3 Oct-11Return to the Julian calendar
Canada British Empire 17522 Sep14 Sep11
China China 191112 "11th Month"1 Jan
(1912)		N/APreviously used the Chinese calendar. Because of a civil war, the official transition did not end until 1929, [ citation needed ] with Minguo year numbering remaining in use until 1949. [13]
Czech Republic Bohemia 15846 Jan17 Jan10
Czech Republic Moravia 158415 Oct26 Oct10Estates initially refused the change ordered early October. [6]
Czech Republic Silesia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Excluding the Duchy of Krnov [6]
Czech Republic Duchy of Krnov 15846 Mar17 Mar10 [6]
Denmark Denmark-Norway 170018 Feb1 Mar11
Egypt Egypt18756 Epag. 11 SeptN/APreviously used the Alexandrian calendar for fiscal purposes [14]
Estonia Estonia 191815 Feb1 Mar13
Faroe Islands Norway 170016 Nov28 Nov11
France France 15829 Dec20 Dec10Excluding Alsace and Lorraine [11] [12] [15]
France France 179323 Sep3 Vend. (II)N/AIntroduction of the French Republican calendar
France France 180510 Niv.
(XIV)		1 Jan
1806		N/AThe French Republican calendar ended.
France Sedan 15829 Dec20 Dec10 [15]
FranceAustrian Upper Alsace and Breisgau158313 Oct24 Oct10 [16]
France Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg 158316 Nov27 Nov10
France Alsace, Protestant parts (except Mulhouse, see below), i.e. Strasbourg, and, on same date or shortly after, Protestant parishes over Alsace16825 Feb16 Feb10
France Lorraine 15829 Dec20 Dec10
France Lorraine 1735-11Return to the Julian calendar
France Lorraine 176016 Feb28 Feb11
France Mulhouse 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)		11 [12] [15]
Germany Aachen 158231 Dec11 Jan (1583)10
Germany Augsburg 158313 Feb24 Feb10
Germany Margraviate of Baden-Baden 158316 Nov27 Nov10
Germany Duchy of Bavaria, Prince-Bishopric of Regensburg, Prince-Bishopric of Freising, Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt 15835 Oct16 Oct10 [6]
Germany Biberach 160312 Feb23 Feb10Protestants did not largely accept the new calendar until 30 Nov 1604. [6]
Germany Electorate of Cologne, Imperial City of Cologne 15832 Nov13 Nov10 [6] [17] [18]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Constance 15848 Feb19 Feb10 [6]
Germany Prince-Provostry of Ellwangen 158314 Feb25 Feb10 [6]
Germany Further Austria 15834 Oct15 Oct10Including Breisgau, Swabian Austria, Ortenau [6]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim 163115 Mar26 Mar10Excluding the city of Hildesheim itself [6]
Germany Hildesheim 163214 Dec25 Dec10 [6]
Germany Duchy of Jülich, Duchy of Berg 15832 Nov13 Nov10 [6]
Germany Kaufbeuren 158313 Feb24 Feb10 [6]
Germany Lusatia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Some Upper Lusatian towns delayed adoption, latest was Königsbrück in May 1584. [6]
Germany Electorate of Mainz 158311 Nov22 Nov10Local resistance in Erfurt until 1700 [6]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Minden 16681 Feb12 Feb10
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Münster, Duchy of Cleves, County of Mark 158316 Nov27 Nov10 [6]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück 162414 Nov25 Nov10 [6]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn 158516 Jun27 Jun10
Germany Electoral Palatinate 168611 Feb22 Feb10 [6]
Germany Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg 161513 Dec24 Dec10 [6]
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Passau 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [6]
Germany Ravensburg 15848 Feb19 Feb10 [6]
Germany Electorate of Trier 15834 Oct15 Oct10
Germany Duchy of Westphalia 15841 Jul12 Jul10
Germany Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg 15834 Nov15 Nov10
GermanyGermany, Protestant parts170018 Feb1 Mar11
Georgia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [5]
Greece Greece192315 Feb1 Mar13Excluding Mount Athos [12] [19]
Hungary Hungary 158721 Oct1 Nov10
Iceland Norway 170016 Nov28 Nov11
IrelandO'Neill and O'Donnell Gaelic Lordships in Ulster158410Papal dispensation to return to Julian calendar applied for in 1630, in operation by 1641 [20]
Ireland Kingdom of Ireland 17522 Sept14 Sept11The British Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 also applied to Ireland (as stated in its preamble). For details, see Calendar Act: Ireland.
Italy various15824 Oct15 Oct10 [11] [12]
Italy County of Tyrol, Prince-Bishopric of Brixen 15834 Oct15 Oct10Brixen possibly one day later [6]
Japan Japan 18722 "12th month"1 Jan
(1873)		N/APreviously used the Japanese calendar. Japanese era names still remain in use.
Laos French colonial empire 1889N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Latvia Courland 161710 [12] [21] [22]
Latvia Courland 17967 Feb28 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar [12] [21]
Latvia Courland 191511 May25 May13
Latvia Livland 191522 Aug5 Sept13
Lithuania Grand Duchy of Lithuania 158521 Dec1 Jan
(1586)		10 [23]
Lithuania Lithuania Governorate 180011 Jan1 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar
Lithuania Kovno and Vilna Governorates 191511 May25 May13 [24]
Lithuania Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 North eastern Ducal Prussia is now part of Lithuania. [12] [21]
Luxembourg Duchy of Luxemburg 158220 Dec31 Dec10
Montenegro Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [25]
Myanmar Burma (British Empire)1885N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Netherlands Brabant 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [8] [11] [26]
Netherlands Drenthe 170130 Apr12 May11 [11] [26]
Netherlands Frisia 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)		11 [11] [26]
Netherlands Gelderland 170030 Jun12 Jul11 [11] [26]
Netherlands Groningen (city) 15831 Mar12 Mar10Edict of Philip II of Spain was: 10 followed by 21 February (proclaimed later) [8] [11] [27] [28]
Netherlands Groningen (city) 159419 Nov10 Nov-10Return to the Julian calendar [8] [27] [28]
Netherlands Groningen (province) 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)		11 Stad and Ommelanden [11] [26] [27]
Netherlands Holland 15831 Jan12 Jan10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed later on [8] [11] [26]
Netherlands Overijssel 170030 Nov12 Dec11 [11] [26]
Netherlands States General 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [8] [11] [26]
Netherlands Utrecht 170030 Nov12 Dec11 [11] [26]
Netherlands Zeeland 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [8] [11] [26]
North Korea Joseon 189516 "11th month"1 Jan
(1896)		N/APreviously used the Korean calendar. In addition to the Gregorian calendar, the Juche calendar was in use between 1997 and 2024.
North Macedonia Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [25]
Norway Denmark-Norway 170018 Feb1 Mar11
Poland Poland 15824 Oct15 Oct10Local resistance [21]
Poland Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 Southern Ducal Prussia is now part of Poland [12] [21]
Poland Silesia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Excluding Wrocław, Wąsosz, Wołów, Bolesławiec, Świdnica [6]
Poland Wrocław, Wąsosz, Wołów, Bolesławiec 158418 Jan29 Jan10 [6]
Poland Świdnica 158411 Jan22 Jan10 [6]
Poland Margraviate of Brandenburg 170018 Feb1 Mar11Along with the other Prostestant Imperial Estates [6]
Portugal Portuguese Empire 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [11] [12]
Romania Transylvania 159014 Dec25 Dec10
Romania Romania 191931 Mar14 Apr13 [29]
Russia Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 Northern Ducal Prussia is now part of Russia. [12] [21]
RussiaRussia191831 Jan14 Feb13 [30]
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 201628 DaH (1437)1 OctN/APreviously used the Islamic calendar. [31] [32]
Serbia Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [25]
Slovenia Duchy of Carniola 15834 Oct15 Oct10 [6]
Slovenia Duchy of Styria 158311 Dec22 Dec10 [6]
Spain Spanish Empire 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [11] [12]
South Korea Joseon 189516 "11th month"1 Jan
(1896)		N/APreviously used the Korean calendar.
Sweden Swedish Empire 170028 Feb1 Mar1Including Finland; introduction of the Swedish calendar [15]
SwedenSwedish Empire171230 Feb
(sic)		1 Mar-1Including Finland; return to the Julian calendar [15]
SwedenSweden175317 Feb1 Mar11Including Finland [15]
Switzerland Roman Catholic Diocese of Basel 158320 Oct31 Oct10
Switzerland Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn, Le Landeron 158411 Jan22 Jan10
Switzerland Obwalden, Nidwalden 158411 Feb22 Feb10
Switzerland Thurgau, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden 158410
Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 1597-10Return to the Julian calendar
Switzerland Lower Valais 162310
Switzerland Graubünden (Catholic parts)1623–162410
Switzerland Valais 165528 Feb11 Mar10
Switzerland Switzerland, Protestant parts170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)		11 Basel, Bern, Neuchâtel, Sargans, Schaffhausen, Geneva and Zürich [12] [15]
Switzerland Glarus (Catholic part)170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)		11
SwitzerlandCity of St. Gallen 172411
Switzerland Glarus (Protestant part)179822 Jun4 Jul11
Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 179813 Dec25 Dec11
Switzerland Graubünden (Protestant part)1783–181111–12Communes changed at different times. Oberengadin and Bergel changed in 1783. In Schiers and Grüsch, 25 Dec 1811 was followed by 7 Jan 1812.
Thailand Siam 18891 AprN/APreviously used the Thai lunar calendar. The year numbering followed the Rattanakosin Era until 1912, when it was replaced by the Buddhist era; see Thai solar calendar.
Turkey Ottoman Empire 191715 Feb1 Mar13The year numbering followed the Rumi calendar until 1 Jan 1926, when the Anno Domini era was adopted.
Uganda British Empire 189331 Dec13 Jan (1894)12
Ukraine Ukrainian People's Republic 191815 Feb1 Mar13 [33]
United Kingdom Kingdom of Great Britain and
Kingdom of Ireland 		17522 Sept14 Sept11The Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 was passed to ensure alignment with the rest of Europe, but made no reference to Gregory. [11] [12]
United States of America French colonial empire and
Spanish Empire 		15829 Dec20 Dec10
United States of America British Empire 17522 Sept14 Sept11Some States adopted as their Common Law the laws of England in 1607, prior to the New Style Calendar Act.[ citation needed ]
United States of America Russian Empire 18676 Oct18 Oct11Alaska adopted the Gregorian calendar on incorporation into the United States, which preceded adoption by Russia. The International Date Line was changed, so only 11 days were omitted (a Friday was followed by another Friday). [34]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Heydari-Malayeri, M. "A concise review of the Iranian calendar". aramis.obspm.fr. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  2. ↑ "Taliban Changes Solar Year to Hijri Lunar Calendar" . Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  3. ↑ Social Security Administration (26 August 2005). "Program Operations Manual System (POMS): GN00307.180 Gregorian Julian Calendar" . Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  4. ↑ Qendra Mbarëkombëtare e Koleksionistëve Shqiptarë (5 October 2019). "5th October 1583, Gregorian calendar began to be used in Albania" . Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 Законъ о введенiи въ ЗакавказьѢ новаго стиля.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Steinmetz, Dirk (2011). Die Gregorianische Kalenderreform von 1582. Oftersheim. pp. 466–470. ISBN   978-3-943051-00-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  7. ↑ Arthur Giry, „Zur gregorianische Kalendarreform in Polen“, in: Mittheilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, vol. VI, 1885, pp. 626 seqq.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (in Dutch) Archief voor vaderlandsche, en inzonderheid vriesche geschiedenis, part 2, p.19-26
  9. 1 2 (in Dutch) De Chronologie van de Middeleeuwen en de Moderne tijden in de Nederlanden, door E. I. STRUBBE en L. VOET, 1960 (PDF), p. 497 Archived 2 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ↑ (in Dutch) Geschiedkundige Kring kanunnik Daris Borgloon, Kroniek van Borgloon
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 (in Dutch) Hoe schrijf ik de geschiedenis van mijn gemeente? (PDF), p. 94
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Weis, Norbert (2006). "Über die Abbildung der Zeit durch Kalender". Verwaltung und Management (in German). 12 (1). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: 4–6.
  13. ↑ original text here claimed that Taiwan still uses Minguo, but that is contradicted by the use of Common year numbering on gov.tw .
  14. ↑ United States Congressional Serial Set, Volume 1673
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The Reform of the Julian Calendar, p.24-25
  16. ↑ Nørby, Toke (29 February 2000). "The Perpetual Calendar" . Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  17. ↑ Aitzing, Michael von (1584). Historische Beschreibung Deß, so sich nach negst gehaltenem Kayserlichen Reichstag zu Augspurg (vber alles das, welches zuuor in Relatione Historica des Achischen vnnd Cöllnischen handels wegen erzelt) volgendts noch weytter im Heyligen Reich Teutscher Nation verlauffen vnnd zugetragen hat. Köln: von Kempen. p. 103. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  18. ↑ Ennen, L. (1878). "Der neue Kalender und der Jahresanfang, insbesondere im deutschen Reiche". Monatsschrift für die Geschichte Westdeutschlands. 4 (1878): 470. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  19. ↑ On 10/23 March 1924 the Greek Orthodox Church adopted the Revised Julian calendar. While the date is the same as the Gregorian until 2800, the rule for centennial years is that only those giving remainder 200 or 600 on division by 900 are leap years.
  20. ↑ Morgan, Hiram (2006). "'The Pope's new invention': the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in Ireland, 1583-1782" (PDF). CELT, the Corpus of Electronic Texts. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ginzel, Friedrich Karl (1914). Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen Chronologie; das Zeitrechnungswesen der Völker (in German). Vol. 3. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. pp. 266, 271, 295.
  22. ↑ Dr Hermann Grotefend (1922). Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Hanover. p. 27.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  23. ↑ Arthur Giry, „Zur gregorianische Kalendarreform in Polen“, in: Mittheilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, vol. VI, 1885, pp. 626 seqq.
  24. ↑ cf. 5th ordinance of 21 May 1915, in: Verordnungsblatt der Deutschen Verwaltung für Litauen, Tilsit: Lithuania, 1915.
  25. 1 2 3 Zakon o izjednačenju starog i novog kalendara.
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (in Dutch) hoofdstuk 4. het archiveringssysteem van de staten-generaal (PDF), p. 280
  27. 1 2 3 (in Dutch) Universiteit van het Noorden: vier eeuwen academisch leven in Groningen, part 1, p. 56
  28. 1 2 (in Dutch) note 3: Dr. J. Smit, article "De invoering van de Gregoriaansche tijdrekening in de Noordelijke Nederlanden" in "Bijdragen voor Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde", VI series, part VIII, 1929
  29. ↑ Monitorul Oficial al României, nr. 274, 6 martie 1919, pp. 6114—6115.
  30. ↑ Grigorenko, Anatoly Markovich. "История календаря в России и в СССР" [The history of the calendar in Russia and the USSR] (in Russian).
  31. ↑ Rasooldeen, Mohammed; Hassan, Rashid (3 October 2016). "KSA switches to Gregorian calendar".
  32. ↑ "Saudi Arabia adopts the Gregorian calendar". The Economist . 15 December 2016.
  33. ↑ Україна від найдавніших часів до сьогодення: Хронологічний довідник. — К., 1995. — С. 261.
  34. ↑ Dershowitz, Nachum; Reingold, Edward M. (2008). Calendrical Calculations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.  47. ISBN   9780521885409.
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