List of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country

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This is a list of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country. For explanation, see the article about the Gregorian calendar.

Contents

Except where stated otherwise, the transition was a move by the civil authorities from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. In religious sources it could be that the Julian calendar was used for a longer period of time, in particular by Protestant and Eastern Orthodox churches. The historic area does not necessarily match the present-day area or country. The column "Present country" only provides a logic search entry. With a few exceptions, the former colonies of European powers are not shown separately.

There are only four countries which have not adopted the Gregorian calendar: Ethiopia (Ethiopian calendar), Nepal (Vikram Samvat and Nepal Sambat), Iran and Afghanistan (Solar Hijri calendar). [1] Thailand has adopted the Gregorian calendar for days and months, but uses its own era for years: the Buddhist era. The partially recognized Republic of China (Taiwan) also uses its own era, the Minguo era. [ citation needed ]

List

Legend

  Abandoning the Gregorian calendar
FlagPresent countryHistoric areaYearDate of the
last day
before the
change
Date of the
first day
after the
change
Days
omitted
ParticularsSource
Flag of Albania.svg Albania Albania191214 Nov28 Nov13Albanian Catholics have used the Gregorian calendar since 5 Oct 1583. [2] [3]
Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [4]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Carinthia 158314 Dec25 Dec10 [5]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Lower Austria 158320 Oct31 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Salzburg 158310 Feb21 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Styria 158311 Dec22 Dec10 [5]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Tyrol, Further Austria 15834 Oct15 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Upper Austria 158320 Oct31 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [4]
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Grand Duchy of Lithuania 158521 Dec1 Jan
(1586)
10 [6]
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Lithuania Governorate 180011 Jan1 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Grodno Governorate 191522 Aug5 Sept13
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Soviet Russia 191831 Jan14 Feb13
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Flanders 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [7]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Liège 158310 Feb21 Feb10Edict of Philip II of Spain followed [7] [8] [9]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Southern Netherlands 158220 Dec31 Dec10or one day later; areas under Spanish rule: Artois, occupied Brabant, occupied Flanders, Hainaut, Limburg, Luxemburg, Namur [8] [10] [11]
Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Bulgaria 191631 Mar14 Apr13
Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia French colonial empire 1863N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of Canada.svg Canada French colonial empire 15829 Dec20 Dec10
Flag of Canada.svg Canada Nova Scotia 171013 Oct3 Oct-11Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Canada.svg Canada British Empire 17522 Sep14 Sep11
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China China 191112 "11th Month"1 Jan
(1912)
N/APreviously used the Chinese calendar. Because of a civil war, the official transition did not end until 1929, [ citation needed ] with Minguo year numbering remaining in use until 1949. [12]
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Bohemia 15846 Jan17 Jan10
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Moravia 158415 Oct26 Oct10Estates initially refused the change ordered early October. [5]
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Silesia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Excluding the Duchy of Krnov [5]
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Duchy of Krnov 15846 Mar17 Mar10 [5]
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Denmark-Norway 170018 Feb1 Mar11
Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Egypt18756 Epag. 11 SeptN/APreviously used the Alexandrian calendar for fiscal purposes [13]
Flag of Estonia (bordered).svg Estonia Estonia 191815 Feb1 Mar13
Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg Faroe Islands Norway 170016 Nov28 Nov11
Flag of France.svg France France 15829 Dec20 Dec10Excluding Alsace and Lorraine [10] [11] [14]
Flag of France.svg France France 179323 Sep3 Vend. (II)N/AIntroduction of the French Republican calendar
Flag of France.svg France France 180510 Niv.
(XIV)
1 Jan
1806
N/AThe French Republican calendar ended.
Flag of France.svg France Sedan 15829 Dec20 Dec10 [14]
Flag of France.svg FranceAustrian Upper Alsace and Breisgau158313 Oct24 Oct10 [15]
Flag of France.svg France Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg 158316 Nov27 Nov10
Flag of France.svg France Alsace, Protestant parts (except Mulhouse, see below), i.e. Strasbourg, and, on same date or shortly after, Protestant parishes over Alsace16825 Feb16 Feb10
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 15829 Dec20 Dec10
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 1735-11Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 176016 Feb28 Feb11
Flag of France.svg France Mulhouse 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)
11 [11] [14]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Aachen 158231 Dec11 Jan (1583)10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Augsburg 158313 Feb24 Feb10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Margraviate of Baden-Baden 158316 Nov27 Nov10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Duchy of Bavaria, Prince-Bishopric of Regensburg, Prince-Bishopric of Freising, Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt 15835 Oct16 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Biberach 160312 Feb23 Feb10Protestants did not largely accept the new calendar until 30 Nov 1604. [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Electorate of Cologne, Imperial City of Cologne 15832 Nov13 Nov10 [5] [16] [17]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Constance 15848 Feb19 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Provostry of Ellwangen 158314 Feb25 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Further Austria 15834 Oct15 Oct10Including Breisgau, Swabian Austria, Ortenau [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim 163115 Mar26 Mar10Excluding the city of Hildesheim itself [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Hildesheim 163214 Dec25 Dec10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Duchy of Jülich, Duchy of Berg 15832 Nov13 Nov10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Kaufbeuren 158313 Feb24 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Lusatia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Some Upper Lusatian towns delayed adoption, latest was Königsbrück in May 1584. [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Electorate of Mainz 158311 Nov22 Nov10Local resistance in Erfurt until 1700 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Minden 16681 Feb12 Feb10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Münster, Duchy of Cleves, County of Mark 158316 Nov27 Nov10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück 162414 Nov25 Nov10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn 158516 Jun27 Jun10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Electoral Palatinate 168611 Feb22 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg 161513 Dec24 Dec10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Passau 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Ravensburg 15848 Feb19 Feb10 [5]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Electorate of Trier 15834 Oct15 Oct10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Duchy of Westphalia 15841 Jul12 Jul10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg 15834 Nov15 Nov10
Flag of Germany.svg GermanyGermany, Protestant parts170018 Feb1 Mar11
Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 191817 Apr1 May13 [4]
Flag of Greece.svg Greece Greece192315 Feb1 Mar13Excluding Mount Athos [11] [18]
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Hungary 158721 Oct1 Nov10
Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Norway 170016 Nov28 Nov11
Flag of Ireland.svg IrelandO'Neill and O'Donnell Gaelic Lordships in Ulster158410Papal dispensation to return to Julian calendar applied for in 1630, in operation by 1641 [19]
Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Kingdom of Ireland 17522 Sept14 Sept11The British Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 also applied to Ireland (as stated in its preamble). For details, see Calendar Act: Ireland.
Flag of Italy.svg Italy various15824 Oct15 Oct10 [10] [11]
Flag of Italy.svg Italy County of Tyrol, Prince-Bishopric of Brixen 15834 Oct15 Oct10Brixen possibly one day later [5]
Flag of Japan.svg Japan Japan 18722 "12th month"1 Jan
(1873)
N/APreviously used the Japanese calendar. Japanese era names still remain in use.
Flag of Laos.svg Laos French colonial empire 1889N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 161710 [11] [20] [21]
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 17967 Feb28 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar [11] [20]
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 191511 May25 May13
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Livland 191522 Aug5 Sept13
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Grand Duchy of Lithuania 158521 Dec1 Jan
(1586)
10 [22]
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Lithuania Governorate 180011 Jan1 Jan-11Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Kovno and Vilna Governorates 191511 May25 May13 [23]
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 North eastern Ducal Prussia is now part of Lithuania. [11] [20]
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Duchy of Luxemburg 158220 Dec31 Dec10
Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [24]
Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Burma (British Empire)1885N/APreviously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Brabant 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [7] [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Drenthe 170130 Apr12 May11 [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Frisia 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)
11 [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Gelderland 170030 Jun12 Jul11 [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (city) 15831 Mar12 Mar10Edict of Philip II of Spain was: 10 followed by 21 February (proclaimed later) [7] [10] [26] [27]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (city) 159419 Nov10 Nov-10Return to the Julian calendar [7] [26] [27]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (province) 170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)
11 Stad and Ommelanden [10] [25] [26]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Holland 15831 Jan12 Jan10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed later on [7] [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Overijssel 170030 Nov12 Dec11 [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands States General 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [7] [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Utrecht 170030 Nov12 Dec11 [10] [25]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Zeeland 158214 Dec25 Dec10Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [7] [10] [25]
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea Joseon 189516 "11th month"1 Jan
(1896)
N/APreviously used the Korean calendar. In addition to the Gregorian calendar, the Juche calendar is in use.
Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [24]
Flag of Norway.svg Norway Denmark-Norway 170018 Feb1 Mar11
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Poland 15824 Oct15 Oct10Local resistance [20]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 Southern Ducal Prussia is now part of Poland [11] [20]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Silesia 15846 Jan17 Jan10Excluding Wrocław, Wąsosz, Wołów, Bolesławiec, Świdnica [5]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Wrocław, Wąsosz, Wołów, Bolesławiec 158418 Jan29 Jan10 [5]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Świdnica 158411 Jan22 Jan10 [5]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Margraviate of Brandenburg 170018 Feb1 Mar11Along with the other Prostestant Imperial Estates [5]
Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Portuguese Empire 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [10] [11]
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Transylvania 159014 Dec25 Dec10
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Romania 191931 Mar14 Apr13 [28]
Flag of Russia (bordered).svg Russia Duchy of Prussia 161022 Aug2 Sept10 Northern Ducal Prussia is now part of Russia. [11] [20]
Flag of Russia (bordered).svg RussiaRussia191831 Jan14 Feb13 [29]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 201628 DaH (1437)1 OctN/APreviously used the Islamic calendar. [30] [31]
Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Yugoslavia 191914 Jan28 Jan13 [24]
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Duchy of Carniola 15834 Oct15 Oct10 [5]
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Duchy of Styria 158311 Dec22 Dec10 [5]
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Spanish Empire 15824 Oct15 Oct10 [10] [11]
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea Joseon 189516 "11th month"1 Jan
(1896)
N/APreviously used the Korean calendar.
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Swedish Empire 170028 Feb1 Mar1Including Finland; introduction of the Swedish calendar [14]
Flag of Sweden.svg SwedenSwedish Empire171230 Feb
(sic)
1 Mar-1Including Finland; return to the Julian calendar [14]
Flag of Sweden.svg SwedenSweden175317 Feb1 Mar11Including Finland [14]
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Roman Catholic Diocese of Basel 158320 Oct31 Oct10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn, Le Landeron 158411 Jan22 Jan10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Obwalden, Nidwalden 158411 Feb22 Feb10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Thurgau, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden 158410
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 1597-10Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Lower Valais 162310
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Graubünden (Catholic parts)1623–162410
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Valais 165528 Feb11 Mar10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Switzerland, Protestant parts170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)
11 Basel, Bern, Neuchâtel, Sargans, Schaffhausen, Geneva and Zürich [11] [14]
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Glarus (Catholic part)170031 Dec12 Jan
(1701)
11
Flag of Switzerland.svg SwitzerlandCity of St. Gallen 172411
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Glarus (Protestant part)179822 Jun4 Jul11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 179813 Dec25 Dec11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Graubünden (Protestant part)1783–181111–12Communes changed at different times. Oberengadin and Bergel changed in 1783. In Schiers and Grüsch, 25 Dec 1811 was followed by 7 Jan 1812.
Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Siam 18891 AprN/APreviously used the Thai lunar calendar. The year numbering followed the Rattanakosin Era until 1912, when it was replaced by the Buddhist era; see Thai solar calendar.
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Ottoman Empire 191715 Feb1 Mar13The year numbering followed the Rumi calendar until 1 Jan 1926, when the Anno Domini era was adopted.
Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda British Empire 189331 Dec13 Jan (1894)12
Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Ukrainian People's Republic 191815 Feb1 Mar13 [32]
Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg United Kingdom Kingdom of Great Britain and
Kingdom of Ireland
17522 Sept14 Sept11The Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 was passed to ensure alignment with the rest of Europe, but made no reference to Gregory. [10] [11]
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America French colonial empire and
Spanish Empire
15829 Dec20 Dec10
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America British Empire 17522 Sept14 Sept11Some States adopted as their Common Law the laws of England in 1607, prior to the New Style Calendar Act.[ citation needed ]
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America Russian Empire 18676 Oct18 Oct11Alaska adopted the Gregorian calendar on incorporation into the United States, which preceded adoption by Russia. The International Date Line was changed, so only 11 days were omitted (a Friday was followed by another Friday). [33]

See also

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References

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  18. On 10/23 March 1924 the Greek Orthodox Church adopted the Revised Julian calendar. While the date is the same as the Gregorian until 2800, the rule for centennial years is that only those giving remainder 200 or 600 on division by 900 are leap years.
  19. Morgan, Hiram (2006). "'The Pope's new invention': the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in Ireland, 1583-1782" (PDF). CELT, the Corpus of Electronic Texts. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ginzel, Friedrich Karl (1914). Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen Chronologie; das Zeitrechnungswesen der Völker (in German). Vol. 3. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. pp. 266, 271, 295.
  21. Dr Hermann Grotefend (1922). Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Hanover. p. 27.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  22. Arthur Giry, „Zur gregorianische Kalendarreform in Polen“, in: Mittheilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, vol. VI, 1885, pp. 626 seqq.
  23. cf. 5th ordinance of 21 May 1915, in: Verordnungsblatt der Deutschen Verwaltung für Litauen, Tilsit: Lithuania, 1915.
  24. 1 2 3 Zakon o izjednačenju starog i novog kalendara.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (in Dutch) hoofdstuk 4. het archiveringssysteem van de staten-generaal (PDF), p. 280
  26. 1 2 3 (in Dutch) Universiteit van het Noorden: vier eeuwen academisch leven in Groningen, part 1, p. 56
  27. 1 2 (in Dutch) note 3: Dr. J. Smit, article "De invoering van de Gregoriaansche tijdrekening in de Noordelijke Nederlanden" in "Bijdragen voor Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde", VI series, part VIII, 1929
  28. Monitorul Oficial al României, nr. 274, 6 martie 1919, pp. 6114—6115.
  29. Grigorenko, Anatoly Markovich. "История календаря в России и в СССР" [The history of the calendar in Russia and the USSR] (in Russian).
  30. Rasooldeen, Mohammed; Hassan, Rashid (3 October 2016). "KSA switches to Gregorian calendar".
  31. "Saudi Arabia adopts the Gregorian calendar". The Economist . 15 December 2016.
  32. Україна від найдавніших часів до сьогодення: Хронологічний довідник. — К., 1995. — С. 261.
  33. Dershowitz, Nachum; Reingold, Edward M. (2008). Calendrical Calculations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.  47. ISBN   9780521885409.