Monarchy of Montenegro | |
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Details | |
Style | His Majesty |
First monarch | Vojislav (as Prince) |
Last monarch | Nikola I (as King) |
Formation | 1018 |
Abolition | 1918 |
Residence | Royal Palace, Cetinje, Montenegro |
Appointer | Hereditary |
Pretender(s) | Nikola Petrović-Njegoš |
This article lists monarchs of Montenegro, from the establishment of Duklja to the Kingdom of Montenegro which merged into the Kingdom of Serbia in 1918.
Picture | TitleName Born - Died | Reign | House | Notes |
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Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Danilo I 1670 – 1735 | 1697 – January 11, 1735 | Petrović-Njegoš | Founder of the House of Petrović-Njegoš. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Sava II 1702 – 1782 | January 11, 1735 – 1781 | Petrović-Njegoš | Ruled jointly with Vasilije III from 1750 until 1766. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Vasilije III 1709 – 1766 | 1750 – March 10, 1766 | Petrović-Njegoš | Ruled jointly with Sava II. | |
"Tsar", Lord Stephen the Little c. 1739 – 1773 | February 1768 – 22 September 1773 | None | Impostor who was purported to be the dead Russian emperor Peter III in exile. Proclaimed leader by the people of Montenegro and ruled the country as an absolute monarch, sidelining Prince-Bishop Sava II. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Arsenije II fl. 1766 – 1784 | 1781 – 1784 | None (Plamenac) | Succeed Sava II Petrović-Njegoš as the Metropolitan of Cetinje and as the Prince-Bishop. Non-Hereditary. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Petar I 1747 – 1830 | October 13, 1784 – October 30, 1830 | Petrović-Njegoš | Canonized as Saint Peter of Cetinje by the Serbian Orthodox Church. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Petar II 1813 – 1851 | October 30, 1830 – October 31, 1851 | Petrović-Njegoš | Most famous as a poet. His notable works include The Mountain Wreath , The Light of Microcosm, The Serbian Mirror and False Tsar Stephen the Little. | |
Prince-Bishop [nb 1] Danilo II 1826 – 1860 | 1851 – March 13, 1852 | Petrović-Njegoš | Proclaimed Prince of Montenegro. |
Picture | TitleName Born - Died | Reign | Territory | Notes |
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Prince, Lord [nb 1] Danilo I 1826–1860 | March 13, 1852 – August 13, 1860 | Principality of Montenegro (see; Reign of Danilo I) | First secular ruler of Montenegro after centuries of theocratic rule. Assassinated in Kotor. | |
Prince, Lord [nb 1] Nikola I 1841–1921 | August 13, 1860 – August 28, 1910 | Principality of Montenegro (see; Reign of Nikola I) | Proclaimed King of Montenegro. |
Picture | TitleName Born - Died | Reign | Territory | Notes |
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King Nikola I October 7, 1841 – March 1, 1921 | August 28, 1910 – November 26, 1918 | Kingdom of Montenegro | In exile from January 15, 1916, due to the Montenegrin campaign of World War I. Deposed on the Podgorica Assembly on November 26, 1918. | |
Family tree of Montenegrin rulers until 1515 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Petar I Petrović-Njegoš was the ruler of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro as the Metropolitan (vladika) of Cetinje, and Exarch (legate) of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro. He was the most popular spiritual and military leader from the Petrović dynasty. During his long rule, Petar strengthened the state by uniting the often quarreling tribes, consolidating his control over Montenegrin lands, introducing the first laws in Montenegro. His rule prepared Montenegro for the subsequent introduction of modern institutions of the state: taxes, schools and larger commercial enterprises. He was canonized by the Serbian Orthodox Church as Saint Peter of Cetinje.
The House of Vojislavljević was a Serbian medieval dynasty, named after archon Stefan Vojislav, who wrested the polities of Duklja, Travunia, Zahumlje, inner Serbia and Bosnia from the Byzantines in the mid-11th century. His successors, kings Mihailo I Vojislavljević and Constantine Bodin expanded and consolidated the state. During the 12th century, the main line of the Vojislavljević family was ousted by their cadet branch, the Vukanović. (which became the Nemanjić dynasty), in the late 12th century.
Mihajlo is a South Slavic variant of the name Michael, often found among Serbs. Cognate names include Mihailo and Mijailo.
The House of Petrović-Njegoš is the Serbian noble family that ruled Montenegro from 1697 to 1918.
The Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral of the Serbian Orthodox Church is the largest eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church in modern Montenegro. Founded in 1219 by Saint Sava as the Eparchy of Zeta, it has continued to exist, without interruption, up to the present time, and has remained one of the most prominent dioceses of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The current Metropolitan bishop is Joanikije II. His official title is "Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral".
The Principality of Montenegro was a principality in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910. It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I, who then became King of Montenegro.
The House of Crnojević was a medieval Serbian noble family that held Zeta, or parts of it; a region north of Lake Skadar corresponding to southern Montenegro and northern Albania, from 1326 to 1362 CE, then 1403 until 1515.
The culture of Montenegro is as pluralistic and diverse as its history and geographical position would suggest. Montenegro's culture has been influenced by the Serbian Empire, the Byzantine Empire, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, Christianity, the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, Austria-Hungary, and Yugoslavia.
Nemanjić family tree
Stanislav Popov Radonjić or Staniša Stanišić ; 1690 – 17 March 1758), known as Stano (Стано), was a vojvoda, serdar and the first guvernadur (governor) of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro from 1756 until he died in 1758, serving Metropolitan Sava II Petrović-Njegoš.
Zeta was one of the medieval polities that existed between 1371 and 1421, whose territory encompassed parts of present-day Montenegro and northern Albania, ruled by the Balšić family.
The Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro was a Serbian Orthodox ecclesiastical principality that existed from 1516 until 1852. The principality was located around modern-day Montenegro. It emerged from the Eparchy of Cetinje, later known as the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral, whose bishops defied the Ottoman Empire overlordship and transformed the parish of Cetinje into a de facto theocracy, ruling it as Metropolitans.
Mardarije Kornečanin was an Eastern Orthodox bishop in Montenegro and Primorje, serving as the Metropolitan of Cetinje from 1637 to 1659, under the jurisdiction of the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć. After 1640, he entered into negotiations with the Catholic Church, hoping to achieve political and military support through Church Union. He succeeded Metropolitan Rufim Njeguš, and was succeeded by Rufim Boljević.
Pandurica is an ancient castle in Montenegro to the south of Nikšić town. It is situated in a hilly area of the same name on the bank of the river Zeta. It is a cultural monument of national significance.