Search engines, including web search engines, selection-based search engines, metasearch engines, desktop search tools, and web portals and vertical market websites have a search facility for online databases.
Name | Language | Backend ownership |
---|---|---|
Ask.com | Multilingual | |
Baidu | Chinese | Baidu |
Brave Search | Multilingual | Brave |
Dogpile | English | Metasearch engine |
DuckDuckGo | Multilingual | Multiple, including Microsoft Bing |
Ecosia | Multilingual | Google and Microsoft Bing |
Elasticsearch | Multilingual | Apache 2.0 until 2021, then Elasticsearch |
Exalead | Multilingual | Cloudview |
Excite† | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
Gigablast | English | Apache License 2.0 |
Multilingual | ||
HotBot | English | Microsoft Bing |
Kagi | English | Metasearch engine and Kagi Inc |
Lycos | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
MetaCrawler | English | Metasearch engine |
Microsoft Bing | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
Mojeek | Multilingual | Mojeek |
Opensearch | Multilingual | Apache License 2.0 (Elasticsearch fork) |
Petal | Multilingual | Huawei |
Qwant | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
Searx | Multilingual | Metasearch engine |
Sogou | Multilingual | Tencent |
Startpage | English | |
Swisscows | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
WebCrawler | English | Microsoft Bing |
YaCy | Multilingual | GPL-2.0-or-later |
Yahoo! Search† | Multilingual | Microsoft Bing |
Yandex | Multilingual | Yandex |
Youdao† | Chinese | NetEase |
You.com | English | Microsoft Bing |
† Main website is a portal
Name | Language | Country |
---|---|---|
Accoona | Chinese, English | China, United States |
Biglobe | Japanese | Japan |
Daum | Korean | Korea |
Nate | Korean | Korea |
Egerin | Kurdish | Sweden [1] [2] [3] |
Fireball | German, English | Germany |
Goo | Japanese | Japan |
Leit.is | Icelandic, English | Iceland |
Najdi.si | Slovenian | Slovenia |
Naver | Korean | Korea |
Parsijoo | Persian | Iran |
Pipilika (defunct) | Bengali, English | Bangladesh |
Rambler | Russian | Russia |
Rediff | India | |
Search.ch | Switzerland | |
Sesam (defunct) | Norway, Sweden | |
Seznam | Czech | Czech Republic |
Walla! | Israel | |
Yahoo! Japan | Japanese | Japan (Google backend) |
Yongzin | Tibetan | China |
ZipLocal | English | Canada, United States |
General:
Academic materials only:
Search engines dedicated to a specific kind of information
These search engines work across the BitTorrent protocol.
Desktop search engines listed on a light purple background are no longer in active development.
Name | Platform | Remarks | License |
---|---|---|---|
HP Autonomy | Windows | IDOL Enterprise Desktop Search, HP Autonomy Universal Search. [5] | Proprietary, commercial |
Beagle | Linux | Open-source desktop search tool for Linux based on Lucene. Unmaintained since 2009. | A mix of the X11/MIT License and the Apache License |
Copernic Desktop Search | Windows | Major desktop search program. The full trial version downgrades after the trial period automatically to the free version, which is (anno 2018) limited to indexing a maximum of 10.000 files. | Proprietary (30 day trial) |
DocFetcher | Cross-platform | Open-source desktop search tool for Windows and Linux, based on Apache Lucene | Eclipse Public License |
dtSearch Desktop | Windows | Proprietary (30 day trial) | |
Everything | Windows | Find files and folders by name instantly on NTFS volumes | Freeware |
Found | MacOS | Searches for files stored locally, and the cloud and inbox and, is summoned with a double-tap of the ctrl key. Program now discontinued. | Free, Proprietary |
GNOME Storage | Linux | Open-source desktop search tool for Unix/Linux | GPL |
Google Desktop | Linux, Mac OS X, Windows | Integrates with the main Google search engine page. As of September 14, 2011, Google has discontinued this product. | Freeware |
ISYS Search Software | Windows | ISYS:Desktop search software. | Proprietary (14-day trial) |
KRunner | Linux | ||
Locate32 | Windows | Graphical port of Unix's locate & updatedb | BSD License [6] |
Lookeen | Windows | Desktop search product with Outlook plugin and limited support for other formats via IFilters, uses Lucene search engine. | Proprietary (14-day trial) [7] |
Nepomuk | Linux | Open-source semantic desktop search tool for Linux. Has been replaced by Baloo in KDE Applications from release 4.13 onward. | License SA 3.0 and the GNU Free Documentation License 1.2 |
Recoll | Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS | Open-source desktop search tool for Unix/Linux | GPL [8] |
Spotlight | macOS | Found in Apple Mac OS X "Tiger" and later OS X releases. | Proprietary |
Strigi | Linux, Unix, Solaris, Mac OS X and Windows | Cross-platform open-source desktop search engine. Unmaintained since 2011-06-02 [9] . | LGPL v2 [10] |
Terrier Search Engine | Linux, Mac OS X, Unix | Desktop search for Windows, Mac OS X (Tiger), Unix/Linux. | MPL v1.1 [11] |
Tracker | Linux, Unix | Open-source desktop search tool for Unix/Linux | GPL v2 [12] |
Tropes Zoom | Windows | Semantic Search Engine (no longer available) [13] | Freeware and commercial |
Unity Dash | Linux | Part of Ubuntu Desktop | GPL v3, [14] LGPL v2.1 [15] |
Windows Search | Windows | Part of Windows Vista and later OSs. Available as Windows Desktop Search for Windows XP and Server 2003. Does not support indexing UNC paths on x64 systems. | Proprietary |
X1 Desktop Search | Windows | Major desktop search product along with Copernic Desktop Search | Proprietary (14-day trial) [16] |
Wumpus | Cross platform | Desktop search focused on information retrieval research | GPL |
Name | Language |
---|---|
Dogpile | English |
Excite | English |
Info.com | English |
Kayak.com | Multilingual |
Mamma.com | |
MetaCrawler | English |
MetaGer | Multilingual |
Mobissimo | Multilingual |
Otalo.com | English |
Publisher's clearinghouse Search and Win | |
Searx | Multilingual |
SearXNG | Multilingual |
Skyscanner | Multilingual |
Wego.com | Multilingual |
All In One | English |
Name | Language |
---|---|
Seeks (open-source) | English |
YaCy (free and fully decentralized) | Multilingual |
Name | Description | Speciality |
---|---|---|
Evi | Specialises in knowledge base and semantic search | answer engine |
Swoogle | Searching over 10,000 ontologies | Semantic web documents |
Yebol | defunct | |
Yummly | Semantic web search for food, cooking, and recipes | food related |
Name | Backend ownership | Demise |
---|---|---|
iWon | Ask.com | Shut down after AT&T merger[ citation needed ] |
Teoma | Ask.com | Merged to Ask.com which still uses its algorithms |
A9.com | Microsoft Bing | Redirect to Amazon homepage (parent company) |
AOL | Google until 2015, then Microsoft Bing | Merged to Yahoo! |
Alexa Internet | Microsoft Bing | Bought by Amazon in 1999, shut down in 2021 |
Ciao! | Microsoft Bing | Shut down in 2018 |
Ms. Dewey | Microsoft Bing | January 2009 |
Groovle | Taken over by Google after Google sued for name similarity | |
MySpace Search | Function taken over by Google in 2006 | |
Mystery Seeker | Novelty "search"; went offline in 2017 | |
Netscape | Now redirects to AOL | |
Ripple | as of 2017 at the latest | |
Ecocho | Google, then Yahoo! | |
Forestle | Google, then Yahoo! | Redirected to Ecosia in 2011 |
Yippy | IBM Watson | Redirected to DuckDuckGo in 2021 |
Grams | Grams (anonymous owner) | Closed in 2017 |
robots.txt is the filename used for implementing the Robots Exclusion Protocol, a standard used by websites to indicate to visiting web crawlers and other web robots which portions of the website they are allowed to visit.
MSN is a web portal and related collection of Internet services and apps for Windows and mobile devices, provided by Microsoft and launched on August 24, 1995, alongside the release of Windows 95.
Google Shopping, formerly Google Product Search, Google Products and Froogle, is a Google service created by Craig Nevill-Manning which allows users to search for products on online shopping websites and compare prices between different vendors. Google announced at its Marketing Live event in May 2019 that the new Google Shopping will integrate the existing Google Express marketplace into a revamped shopping experience. In the US, Google Shopping is accessible from the web and mobile apps, available on Android and iOS. Google Shopping is also available in France, accessible from the web only. Like its predecessor, Google Shopping is free and requires a personal Google account in order to purchase from the platform. A colored price tag icon replaces the parachute icon from Google Express.
Startpage is a Dutch search engine company that highlights privacy as its distinguishing feature. The website advertises that it allows users to obtain Google Search results while protecting users' privacy by not storing personal information or search data and removing all trackers. Startpage.com also includes an Anonymous View browsing feature that allows users the option to open search results via proxy for increased anonymity.
Yahoo! Search is a search engine owned and operated by Yahoo!, using Microsoft Bing to power results.
Microformats (μF) are a set of defined HTML classes created to serve as consistent and descriptive metadata about an element, designating it as representing a certain type of data. They allow software to process the information reliably by having set classes refer to a specific type of data rather than being arbitrary.
Microsoft Advertising is an online advertising platform developed by Microsoft, where advertisers bid to display brief ads, service offers, product listings and videos to web users. Provides pay per click advertising on search engines Bing, Yahoo! and DuckDuckGo, as well as on other websites, mobile apps, and videos.
Microsoft Bing, commonly referred to as Bing, is a search engine owned and operated by Microsoft. The service traces its roots back to Microsoft's earlier search engines, including MSN Search, Windows Live Search, and Live Search. Bing offers a broad spectrum of search services, encompassing web, video, image, and map search products, all developed using ASP.NET.
A search engine results page (SERP) is a webpage that is displayed by a search engine in response to a query by a user. The main component of a SERP is the listing of results that are returned by the search engine in response to a keyword query.
Info is a metasearch engine, which as of 2013, provided results from search engines Google, Yahoo!, Ask, Bing, Yandex, and Open Directory. As of 2004, news search was powered by Topix.net, Info.com's web search engine information was powered by Shopping.com and Info.com had White Page and Yellow Page search. As of 2013, Info.com also had search plugins for Google Chrome, Internet Explorer and Firefox.
DuckDuckGo is an American software company with a focus on online privacy. The flagship product is a search engine that has been praised by privacy advocates. Subsequent products include browser extensions and a custom DuckDuckGo web browser.
Schema.org is a reference website that publishes documentation and guidelines for using structured data mark-up on web-pages. Its main objective is to standardize HTML tags to be used by webmasters for creating rich results about a certain topic of interest. It is a part of the semantic web project, which aims to make document mark-up codes more readable and meaningful to both humans and machines.
Web search engines are listed in tables below for comparison purposes. The first table lists the company behind the engine, volume and ad support and identifies the nature of the software being used as free software or proprietary software. The second and third table lists internet privacy aspects along with other technical parameters, such as whether the engine provides personalization.
Qwant is a French search engine that launched in February 2013. Qwant is privacy focused, claiming to not track users, resell personal data, or bias the display of search results.
Egerin is a web search engine. It is the first search engine in Kurdish language and is focused on providing a fully functional search and blog system, including videos, image, and news for the Kurds.
This page provides a full timeline of web search engines, starting from the WHOis in 1982, the Archie search engine in 1990, and subsequent developments in the field. It is complementary to the history of web search engines page that provides more qualitative detail on the history.
Searx is a discontinued free and open-source metasearch engine, available under the GNU Affero General Public License version 3, with the aim of protecting the privacy of its users. To this end, Searx does not share users' IP addresses or search history with the search engines from which it gathers results. Tracking cookies served by the search engines are blocked, preventing user-profiling-based results modification. By default, Searx queries are submitted via HTTP POST, to prevent users' query keywords from appearing in webserver logs. Searx was inspired by the Seeks project, though it does not implement Seeks' peer-to-peer user-sourced results ranking.
Mojeek is a search engine based in the United Kingdom. The search results provided by Mojeek come from its own index of web pages, created by crawling the web.
Brave Search is a search engine developed by Brave Software, Inc., and is the default search engine for the Brave web browser in certain countries.
System1 is an American Internet advertising company. Formerly known as OpenMail, it was founded in 2013. It describes itself as operating a "Responsive Acquisition Marketing Platform", and cites privacy as one of its principal foci, although it has been criticized for its influence on privacy-focused properties, including search engine Startpage.com. It is headquartered in Marina del Rey, California.