Machiasport, Maine

Machiasport, Maine
Town
Machiasport c. 1908
Machiasport Show map of Maine Machiasport Show map of the United States
Coordinates: 44°39′42″N67°22′55″W / 44.66167°N 67.38194°W / 44.66167; -67.38194
Country	United States
State	Maine
County	Washington
Incorporated	1826
Area [1]
• Total	61.61 sq mi (159.57 km2)
• Land	21.41 sq mi (55.45 km2)
• Water	40.20 sq mi (104.12 km2)
Elevation	0 ft (0 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	962
• Density	45/sq mi (17.3/km2)
Time zone	UTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code	04655
Area code	207
FIPS code	23-42100
GNIS feature ID	0582574

Machiasport is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The population was 962 at the 2020 census. ^[2] Machiasport is a historic seaport and tourist destination.

History

In 1633, the Plymouth Company established a trading post here to conduct business with the Native Americans. But this was part of Acadia, territory which New France considered its own. So in 1634, the trading post was sacked by French forces from Port Royal under the command of Charles de Saint-Étienne de la Tour. ^[3] In 1770, the area was granted by the Massachusetts General Court to 80 petitioners, 54 from Scarborough. It was first part of Machias, incorporated in 1784, then set off and incorporated as Machiasport in 1826. ^[4]

In 1775, following the capture of the British ship HMS Margaretta by locals under leadership of Jeremiah O'Brien, the residents built a small breastworks here to guard the mouth of the Machias River and the area settlements. Later that year, the British sent four ships under the command of Sir George Collier that defeated the local militia, destroyed the breastworks, and burned several buildings. In 1777, the fort was rebuilt as a crescent shaped four-gun battery. In 1781 it was made part of the national defense and named Fort O'Brien. In 1808–1809, Lemuel Trescott of Eastport oversaw the construction of a blockhouse, barracks and battery. During the War of 1812, in September 1814 the British captured the fort and burnt the barracks. ^[5]

In 1863, during the American Civil War, Fort Machias was built adjacent to the ruins of Fort O'Brien. It was a five-gun earthworks fort with Napoleon 12-pound cannon. It was actively manned from 1863 to 1865. In 1923, the U.S. government transferred the sites of both forts to the state of Maine. As of 2006, they are managed as a historic site by the Maine Bureau of Parks and Lands. ^[6] In 1969, they were added to the National Register of Historic Places, as structure #69000024. ^[7]

Machiasport has been the setting of several ethnographic documentary films about its inhabitants by the anthropologist and filmmaker Anna Grimshaw. ^{[8] [9]}

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 61.61 square miles (159.57 km²), of which 21.41 square miles (55.45 km²) is land and 40.20 square miles (104.12 km²) is water. ^[1] Drained by the Machias River, the town is located at the head of Machias Bay on the Gulf of Maine, part of the Atlantic Ocean.

The town is crossed by state routes 92 and 191. It is bordered by the towns of East Machias to the north, Whiting to the northeast, Machias to the west, and (separated by water) is near Cutler to the east, and Roque Bluffs to the southwest.

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1830	688		—
1840	834		21.2%
1850	1,266		51.8%
1860	1,502		18.6%
1870	1,526		1.6%
1880	1,531		0.3%
1890	1,437		−6.1%
1900	1,218		−15.2%
1910	1,218		0.0%
1920	1,117		−8.3%
1930	851		−23.8%
1940	818		−3.9%
1950	781		−4.5%
1960	980		25.5%
1970	887		−9.5%
1980	1,108		24.9%
1990	1,166		5.2%
2000	1,160		−0.5%
2010	1,119		−3.5%
2020	962		−14.0%
U.S. Decennial Census [10]

2010 census

As of the census ^[11] of 2010, there were 1,119 people, 410 households, and 277 families residing in the town. The population density was 52.3 inhabitants per square mile (20.2/km²). There were 611 housing units at an average density of 28.5 per square mile (11.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.1% White, 0.8% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 0.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 410 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.4% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.78.

The median age in the town was 43.3 years. 17.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.9% were from 25 to 44; 30.5% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 56.3% male and 43.7% female.

2000 census

As of the census ^[12] of 2000, there were 1,160 people, 413 households, and 289 families residing in the town. The population density was 54.3 inhabitants per square mile (21.0/km²). There were 576 housing units at an average density of 27.0 per square mile (10.4/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.50% White, 0.09% African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.26% Asian, and 1.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.26% of the population.

There were 413 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.4% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 125.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 134.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $29,531, and the median income for a family was $32,279. Males had a median income of $29,643 versus $20,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,727. About 11.8% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.

Sites of interest

• Fort O'Brien State Historic Site
• Larrabee Heath
• Liberty Lighthouse —designed by Alexander Parris
• Liberty Hall (1873)
• Machiasport Historical Society & Museum
• Jasper Beach

Notable people

• Francis Gano Benedict, nutritionist
• William Coperthwaite, naturalist
• David Freedberg, professor

References

1. "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved December 16, 2012.
2. "Census - Geography Profile: Machiasport town, Washington County, Maine". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 21, 2022.
3. Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts: A.J. Coolidge. p.  204. coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859.
4. Varney, George J. (1886), Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Machiasport, Boston: Russell
5. Maine League of Historical Societies and Museums (1970). Doris A. Isaacson (ed.). Maine: A Guide 'Down East'. Rockland, Me: Courier-Gazette, Inc. pp. 271–272.
6. "Historic Fort O'Brien". Maine Bureau of Parks and Lands. October 27, 2006. Retrieved December 10, 2006.
7. "MAINE - Washington County". www.nationalregisterofhistoricalplaces.com. January 26, 2006. Retrieved December 10, 2006.
8. Grimshaw, Anna (2016). "At Low Tide". Royal Anthropological Institute.
9. Ramey, Kathryn (November 30, 2015). "Time and the Axe: A Review of Anna Grimshaw's Mr. Coperthwaite". Society for Cultural Anthropology. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
10. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
11. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved December 16, 2012.
12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.

External links

• Town of Machiasport, Maine
• Liberty Hall
• Machias Bay Area Chamber of Commerce
• Downeast Correctional Facility
• Fort O'Brien and Fort Machias at FortWiki.com
• Fort O'Brien and Fort Machias at NorthAmericanForts.com

44°41′55″N67°23′41″W / 44.69861°N 67.39472°W / 44.69861; -67.39472