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Madurai district | |
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Coordinates: 09°50′N077°50′E / 9.833°N 77.833°E [1] | |
Country | India |
State | Tamil Nadu |
Municipal Corporations | Madurai |
Headquarters | Madurai |
Taluks | Madurai North, Madurai South, Madurai East, Madurai West, Melur, Peraiyur, Tirumangalam, Thiruparankundram, Usilampatti, Vadipatti, Kalligudi |
Government | |
• Type | District Administration |
• Body | Madurai District Collectorate |
• District Collector | Aneesh Sekhar, I.A.S. |
• Superintendent of Police | Sujit Kumar, I.P.S. |
Area | |
• Total | 3,710 km2 (1,430 sq mi) |
• Rank | 16 |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 3,038,252 |
• Rank | 4 |
• Density | 812/km2 (2,100/sq mi) |
Languages | |
• Official | Tamil and English |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 625xxx |
Telephone code | 0452 |
Vehicle registration | TN-58, TN-59, TN-64 [2] |
Coastline | 0 kilometres (0 mi) |
Largest city | Madurai |
Sex ratio | ♂-50.5% / ♀-49.5% |
Literacy | 81.5% |
Lok Sabha constituency | 1 |
Assembly constituency | 10 |
Website | www |
Madurai district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu in southeastern India. [1] [3] The city of Madurai serves as the district headquarters. It houses the famous Sri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar temple and is situated on the banks of the river Vaigai. Thiruparankundram is one of the major tourist place in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns are Melur, Vadipatti, Thirumangalam, Thirupparankundram, Peraiyur, and Usilampatti. [4] It is an important hub for various film shootings. Alanganallur is a popular spot in the district for Jallikattu, as are Palamedu and Avaniyapuram.
Madurai is called by various nicknames like Athens of the East, Thoonga Nagaram (City that never Sleeps), Naan maada koodal (City of Four junctions), Malligai Managar (City of Jasmine), Koodal Managar (City of Junction) Koil Nagar (Temple city), etc. The main kingdoms which ruled Madurai during various times are the Pandyas and the Nayaks. [5]
The district is bounded by Theni in the west, Sivaganga in the east, Dindigul in the north, Virudhunagar in the south and small parts of Tiruchirappalli in the northeast. Madurai district witnessing hot and humid weather throughout the year and considered as hottest district of Tamil Nadu as well hottest city.
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The climate has extremes. There are three distinct periods of rainfall:
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1901 | 666,940 | — |
1911 | 769,360 | +1.44% |
1921 | 800,795 | +0.40% |
1931 | 896,876 | +1.14% |
1941 | 1,014,602 | +1.24% |
1951 | 1,223,574 | +1.89% |
1961 | 1,378,734 | +1.20% |
1971 | 1,730,109 | +2.30% |
1981 | 2,042,704 | +1.67% |
1991 | 2,400,339 | +1.63% |
2001 | 2,578,201 | +0.72% |
2011 | 3,038,252 | +1.66% |
source: [6] |
According to 2011 census, Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252, [8] up from 2,578,201 in the 2001 census, [4] for a growth rate of 17.95%. It had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males, up from 978 in 2001, [4] and much above the national average of 929. [8] A total of 313,978 were under the age of six, constituting 162,517 males and 151,461 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 13.46% and 0.37% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.83%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. 60.78% of the population lives in urban areas. [8]
The district had a total of 794,887 households. There were a total of 1,354,632 workers, comprising 81,352 cultivators, 287,731 main agricultural labourers, 39,753 in house hold industries, 765,066 other workers, 180,730 marginal workers, 11,367 marginal cultivators, 85,097 marginal agricultural labourers, 7,540 marginal workers in household industries and 76,726 other marginal workers. [8]
At the time of the 2011 census, 92.56% of the population spoke Tamil, 3.20% Saurashtra and 2.58% Telugu as their first language. [9]
District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Madurai | 188 | Melur | P. Selvam | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | |||
189 | Madurai East | P. Moorthy | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
190 | Sholavandan (SC) | A. Venkatesan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
191 | Madurai North | G. Thalapathi | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
192 | Madurai South | M. Boominathan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK) | SPA | ||||
193 | Madurai Central | Palanivel Thiagarajan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
194 | Madurai West | Sellur K. Raju | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
195 | Thiruparankundram | V. V. Rajan Chellappa | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
196 | Tirumangalam | R. B. Udhayakumar | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | Deputy Leader of Opposition | |||
197 | Usilampatti | P. Ayyappan | ADMKTUMK | NDA |
Madurai district contains the entirety of Madurai Lok Sabha constituency, and parts of Theni and Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituencies.
Madurai district comprises 13 talukas and revenue blocks, same names same boundaries. Under the gram panchayat system rural administration or the district is done by panchayat villages and the taluka headquarters. The revenue blocks are further sub-divided by firkas. The three taluks, Tiruparankundram, Madurai West and Madurai East, were created in February 2014. [12] The thirteen talukas/blocks are: [13] [14] [15]
In the 2001 census, Madurai district had only seven talukas: Madurai North, Madurai South, Melur, Peraiyur, Thirumangalam, Vadipatti, and Usilampatti. [16]
Aruppukottai is a town and a municipality in Virudhunagar district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Aruppukottai's classical name is "Sengattu Aravakotai". Aruppukottai is about 50 km from Madurai. It is in the middle of Madurai-Tuticorin National Highways NH-38. The villages and towns surrounding Aruppukottai makes this as a major town as well as a major transit hub and they are also famous for production of jasmine. Aruppukottai is always famous for producing yarn. Sri Ramana Maharishi was born in Tiruchuli near Aruppukottai town. Aruppukottai was part of king Sethupathi of Ramnad. King Sethupathi has Zamin Palace in Palyampatti. As of 2011, the town had a population of 87,722. The town also hosts two famous temples – Arulmigu Meenakshi Chokkanatha Swamy Temple built in 13th century by Pandiya King Maravarma Sundarapandiyan and Seenivasa Perumal Temple Built on the top of Malai arasan Hill.
Melur is the Northern entrance of Madurai district. It is the town and municipality in the Madurai North in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Melur Old Name is Called Naduvi Nadu. The name Melur name comes from "Mela Nadu". Melur is called Thaigramam. It is the biggest taluk within the Madurai District. As of 2011, the town had a population of 40,017. Melur is an agricultural land in Madurai and the climate around the area is tropical.
Tiruchirappalli District is one of the 38 districts, located along the Kaveri River, in Tamil Nadu, India. The headquarters of the district is the city of Tiruchirappalli.
Dindigul District is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Dindigul District (6,266.64 km2) is the largest district in Tamil Nadu by area. The district was carved out of Madurai District in 1985. It has an area of 6266.64 km2 and comprises 3 revenue divisions, 10 taluks, and 14 panchayat unions. The district is located in Southwest of Tamil Nadu. The district is bound by Madurai district in the south,Tiruppur district in the northwest, Karur district in the north, Tiruchirappalli district in the northeast, Theni district in the Southwest and Idukki district of Kerala to the west. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,159,775 with a sex-ratio of 998 females for every 1,000 males. Dindigul and virudhunagar are the only 2 districts which are not connected to kerala but share their border with the state of kerala.
Theni District is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. Well protected by the scenic hill locks, the district is located besides Madurai district. The town of Theni is the district headquarters. The district is divided into two natural divisions: The hilly areas are constituted by parts of the five taluk's Theni, Bodinayakanur, Periyakulam, Uthamapalayam and Andipatti with thick vegetation and perennial streams from the hills on the western side and Cumbum valley which lies in Uthamapalayam taluk. As of 2011, Theni district had a population of 1,245,899 with a sex ratio of 980 females for every 1,000 males.
Avaniapuram is a neighbourhood in Madurai in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. As of 2011, the municipality had a population of 89,635. It was annexed with the Madurai Municipal Corporation in 2011. The locality is famous for Jallikattu which happens on Pongal day.
Thirunagar is a neighborhood within the Madurai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Thiruparankundram, also spelled Tirupparankundram or Tiruparangundram, is a neighbourhood in Madurai city in Tamil Nadu, India. It is about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Periyar Bus Terminus, the centre of the city and constitutes the southwest part of the Madurai city. The town's landmark and fame is the huge monolithic rock hill that towers to a height of 1,048 feet (319 m) and has a circumference of over 2 miles (3.2 km). It is a home to many ancient and historic monuments including Jain caves, some protected as India's national monuments.
Usilampatti is a town and a second grade municipality of Madurai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is also a designated taluk and revenue division.
T. Vadipatti is a panchayat town in the Madurai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.and also known as "west gateway of Madurai.
Tirumangalam is a town and municipality in the Madurai District of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu also called as 'Thoongaa Nagarathin Thunai Nagaram' ..
Gudalur is a municipal town in Theni district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, its population was 41,915.
Sengottai is a town in the Tenkasi district, of Tamil Nadu, India. It is the gateway to southern Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Spread over an area of 2.68 km2 with a population of over 26,823, the economy of the town and Sengottai Taluk revolves around the cultivation of rice,coconut,Mango,clove and pepper. Sengottai is well known in Tamil Nadu as a major market of Dosa kal. This town has lot of Black smith shops.
Mullipallam is a panchayat village in Vadipatti Taluka of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, India, with a total of 2173 families residing.
Alanganallur revenue block in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu, India. It has a total of 37 panchayat villages. It has the same name and boundaries as the revenue block.
Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India, has well-developed transport facilities. Modes of transport in Madurai include road, rail and air. Madurai faces increasing daily traffic problems, so master plans have been prepared to reduce the city traffic and traffic problems in suburbs.
Venkatachalapuram is a small village situated in Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India and with direct road connectivity to Theni and Odaipatti. The district headquarters, Theni, is situated 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of this village.
The Madurai Metropolitan Area, is the 31st largest metropolitan area in India and is the fourth largest metropolitan area in the state of Tamil Nadu only next to Chennai, Coimbatore and Salem.The Madurai Metropolitan Area consists of the city of Madurai and its suburbs in Madurai district.
Madurai Metro, is a proposed rapid transit system for Madurai, Tamil Nadu. It arose from a Madurai Metrolite system, part of a major expansion of public transport in the city and one of the projects devised by the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J.Jayalalithaa.