Manzanillo (sternwheeler)

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Manzanillo circa 1885 at Clatskanie.jpg
Manzanillo at Clatskanie, Oregon circa 1885.
History
Name:Manzanillo(or Manzanilla)
Owner: People’s Freighting Co.; Shaver Transportation Co.; Waud & Jones
Route: Columbia and Willamette rivers
In service: 1881
Out of service: 1893
Identification: US #91373
Fate: Dismantled
General characteristics
Length: 110 ft (33.53 m)
Beam: 22 ft (6.71 m)
Depth: 4 ft (1.22 m) depth of hold
Installed power: twin steam engines, horizontally-mounted, single cylinder, 12 inch bore and 60 inch stroke
Propulsion: stern-wheel

Manzanillo was a stern-wheel driven steamboat built at Portland, Oregon in 1881. Manzanillo was first run on the Columbia River route from Portland to Clatskanie, Oregon and way points along the river. The initial owner of the boat was the People's Freighting Company, but the Shaver family soon acquired control of the vessel, which became the first vessel of what is now Shaver Transportation Company.

Portland, Oregon City in Oregon, United States

Portland is the largest and most populous city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County. It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest, at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of 2017, Portland had an estimated population of 647,805, making it the 26th most populated city in the United States, and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest. Approximately 2.4 million people live in the Portland metropolitan statistical area (MSA), making it the 25th most populous MSA in the United States. Its Combined Statistical Area (CSA) ranks 18th-largest with a population of around 3.2 million. Approximately 60% of Oregon's population resides within the Portland metropolitan area.

Columbia River River in the Pacific Northwest of the United States

The Columbia River is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. The river rises in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. It flows northwest and then south into the US state of Washington, then turns west to form most of the border between Washington and the state of Oregon before emptying into the Pacific Ocean. The river is 1,243 miles (2,000 km) long, and its largest tributary is the Snake River. Its drainage basin is roughly the size of France and extends into seven US states and a Canadian province. The fourth-largest river in the United States by volume, the Columbia has the greatest flow of any North American river entering the Pacific.

Clatskanie, Oregon City in Oregon, United States

Clatskanie is a city in Columbia County, Oregon, United States. It was named for the Clatskanie River, which empties into the Columbia River within the city limits. The population was 1,737 at the 2010 census.

Contents

Manzanillo also served on the upper Willamette River, the lower Willamette (between Portland and Oregon City. The boat was also reported to have been employed on the Lake River. The Shavers sold Manzanillo in 1892. The new owners ran Manzanillo for a short time, then dismantled it and reused the engines on a new steamer they built.

Willamette River major river in northwest Oregon

The Willamette River is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbia's flow. The Willamette's main stem is 187 miles (301 km) long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States. Flowing northward between the Oregon Coast Range and the Cascade Range, the river and its tributaries form the Willamette Valley, a basin that contains two-thirds of Oregon's population, including the state capital, Salem, and the state's largest city, Portland, which surrounds the Willamette's mouth at the Columbia.

Oregon City, Oregon City in Oregon, United States

Oregon City is the county seat of Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, located on the Willamette River near the southern limits of the Portland metropolitan area. Established in 1829 by the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1844 it became the first U.S. city west of the Rocky Mountains to be incorporated.

Lake River river in United States of America

Lake River is a tributary, about 11 miles (18 km) long, of the Columbia River in the U.S. state of Washington. It flows north from Vancouver Lake in Vancouver to meet the larger river near Ridgefield and the northern tip of Bachelor Island. The Wilkes Expedition of 1841 referred to Lake River as Calipaya Inlet.

Construction

Manzanillo was built in 1881 at Portland, Oregon by Capt. Charles Bureau (1840-1936). [1] Manzanillo was described as "one of the fastest and neatest of the small steamers on the Columbia." [1]

Manzanillo was 110 ft (33.53 m) long, 22 ft (6.71 m) beam, and 4 ft (1.22 m) depth of hold. [2] The overall size of the vessel was 217.23 gross tons and 129.87 registered tons. [2] The official merchant vessel registry number was 91373. [2]

The twin single cylinder engines generated nominal 9.6 horsepower. [3] Each cylinder had a bore of 12 inches and a stroke of 60 inches. [3]

Horsepower unit of power

Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done. There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions being used today are the mechanical horsepower, which is about 745.7 watts, and the metric horsepower, which is approximately 735.5 watts.

Career

Clatskanie service

Charles Bureau operated Manzanillo on the route from Portland to Clatskanie, Oregon, with Henry "Poppy" Pape (1852-1907) as chief engineer. [1]

In July 1885, Manzanillo was owned by the People’s Freighting Company, of which Charles Bureau was president and A.S. Foster was secretary and treasurer. [4] Owners of the Pacific Freighting Company were James W. Shaver (1859-1922), Henry W. Corbett, Captain Foster, and Captain Bureau. [5]

Morrison Street Dock, circa 1890, showing advertisement for service by the steamer Manzanillo. Morisson dock and bridge circa 1890.jpg
Morrison Street Dock, circa 1890, showing advertisement for service by the steamer Manzanillo.

In July 1885 Manzanillo departed from the Morrison Street wharf in Portland every other morning at 6:00 a.m. except Sunday, running for Skamokawa, W.T. on Mondays and Fridays, and on Wednesdays for Clatskanie, Oregon and way landings, returning to Portland on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays. [4]

Bureau sold Manzanillo to George McClellan Shaver and Jim Shaver. Jim Shaver worked on Manzanillo as purser and then as mate, bought one-third of the steamers, and then brought his father George W. Shaver (1832-1900) and brother George M. Shaver (1865-1950) in to buy the entire boat. [1]

Manzanillo became the first vessel in what was to become the Shaver fleet. [1] [6]

Upper Willamette service

In January 1891 Manzanillo was operating on the Upper Willamette River, making two or three trips a week. [7] In March 1891, Manzanillo became disabled, apparently with damage to its stern-wheel and machinery. [8]

By March 12, 1891, Manzanillo had been prepared sufficiently to bring it downriver for repair. [8] Manzanillo was back in operation on the Willamette again by March 22, 1891. [9]

Return to Clatskanie and Lewis River service

Advertisement for service to Clatskanie by Manzanillo, placed August 21, 1891. Clatskanie Line ad 21 August 1891.jpg
Advertisement for service to Clatskanie by Manzanillo, placed August 21, 1891.

On March 27, 1891, it was reported that Manzanillo had been sold and would be taken off the upper Willamette River and sent back to the Portland and Lewis River route. [10] No purchaser was specified in the report, however in August 1891 the Shaver brothers began advertising service on the Manzanillo, running again from Portland to Clatskanie, Skamokawa, Cathlamet and Westport. [11]

Oregon City route

In the later part of 1891, Manzanillo was running on the Willamette River on the Portland-Oregon City route, until it was relieved by the Altona on January 1, 1892. [12]

Return to upper Willamette

In October 1892, Manzanillo was back on the upper Willamette river, carrying grain, flour, hops and merchandise. [13]

In 1892, the Shavers sold Manzanillo to captains Orrin S. Waud (b.1854) and F.B. Jones (b.1838), who operated the boat for a short time. [1] In 1893 [14]

Disposition

Waud and Jones arranged to have the machinery and cabin structure transferred to a new steamer they were building, the Eugene. [1] in 1906, these engines later came to be installed in the towboat Pronto, built that year. [5]

The Shavers replaced Manzanillo, which had become too small to carry the trade on the Clatskanie route, with a new steamer, Geo. W. Shaver. [1]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wright, Edgar W., ed. (1895). Lewis & Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR: Lewis and Dryden Printing Co. pp.240 n.23, 285–286, 286 n.15. LCCN   28001147.
  2. 1 2 3 U.S. Treasury Dept, Navigation Bureau (1890). Annual List of Merchant Vessels (FY end Jun 30, 1889). 21. Wash. DC: GPO. p. 311.
  3. 1 2 Affleck, Edward L. (2000). A Century of Paddlewheelers in the Pacific Northwest, the Yukon, and Alaska. Vancouver, BC: Alexander Nicholls Press. p. 18. ISBN   0-920034-08-X.
  4. 1 2 "Attention! Travelers! Skamokawa & Clatskanie!". The Columbian. 5 (52). St. Helens, OR: E.G. Adams. July 31, 1885. p.2, col.3.
  5. 1 2 Newell, Gordon R., ed. (1966). H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: Superior Pub. Co. pp.120, 177 n.7, 578. LCCN   66025424.
  6. ↑ Timmen, Fritz (1973). Blow for the Landing -- A Hundred Years of Steam Navigation on the Waters of the West. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Printers. p. 33. ISBN   0-87004-221-1. LCCN   73150815.
  7. ↑ Hofer Bros., ed. (January 28, 1891). "On the River". Evening Capital Journal. 3 (281). Salem, OR: Capital Journal Pub. Co. p.2, col.5.
  8. 1 2 Hofer Bros., ed. (March 12, 1891). "Ready to Move". Evening Capital Journal. 3 (318). Salem, OR: Capital Journal Pub. Co. p.3, col.2.
  9. ↑ Hofer Bros., ed. (March 23, 1891). "Salem Excursionists". Evening Capital Journal. 3 (327). Salem, OR: Capital Journal Pub. Co. p.3, col.3.
  10. ↑ Hofer Bros., ed. (March 27, 1891). "River News". Evening Capital Journal. 3 (331). Salem, OR: Capital Journal Pub. Co. p.3, col.1.
  11. ↑ "Clatskanie Line". Oregon Mist (advertisement). 8 (34). St. Helens, OR: J.R. Beegle. August 21, 1891. p.4, col.6.
  12. ↑ "The steamer Manzanillo has been withdrawn …". Oregon City Enterprise. 26 (10). Oregon City, OR: Meserve & Lawrence. January 1, 1892. p.6, col.1.
  13. ↑ "At Low Water Again". Eugene City Guard. 24 (51). Eugene, OR: I.L. Campbell. October 8, 1892. p.1, col.7.
  14. ↑ Mills, Randall V. (1947). "Appendix A: Steamers of the Columbia River System". Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country. Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska. p. 197. ISBN   0-8032-5874-7. LCCN   77007161.

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