Miraflores | |
---|---|
![]() View from Barranco | |
![]() Location of Miraflores in Lima province | |
Coordinates: 12°07′03″S77°02′35″W / 12.11750°S 77.04306°W | |
Country | Peru |
Province | Lima |
Founded | January 2, 1857 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Carlos Canales (2023–2026) |
Area | |
• Total | 9.62 km2 (3.71 sq mi) |
Elevation | 79 m (259 ft) |
Population (2023) | |
• Total | 116,526 |
Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
UBIGEO | 150122 |
Website | miraflores.gob.pe |
Miraflores, founded as San Miguel de Miraflores, [1] is a district of Lima Province, in Peru. A residential and upscale shopping district, it is one of the wealthiest districts that make up the city of Lima, located to the south of the city's historic downtown area, as well as one of its main tourist destinations.
It was established as a district on January 2, 1857. As a result of the Battle of Miraflores fought during the War of the Pacific, Miraflores is called Ciudad Heroica ("Heroic City").
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, Miraflores was one of the locations inhabited by members of the ancient Lima culture, which preceded the Inca Empire. The Huaca Pucllana (formerly Hispanicized as Juliana) serves as its only remaining remnants in the district, originally much larger in size. [2]
Once Spanish rule was established, the area became part of the district of Magdalena Vieja. [1] Established as San Miguel de Miraflores, it takes its name from the Miraflores Charterhouse, having become a district on January 2, 1857 under the presidency of Ramón Castilla and containing a number of estates (Armendáriz, Balconcillo, Barboncito, La Palma, Conde San Isidro, Lince, Limatambo, Santa Cruz and Chacarilla), as well as the lands at Leuro and Ocharán.
Miraflores was the site of the encounters between José de San Martín and Viceroy Pezuela that took place during the Peruvian War of Independence, on September 24, 1820. During the War of the Pacific, the district was the site of the eponymous battle, where two thousand people died as a result and the district was sacked and burned by the Chilean Army. In 1898, it was limited to the north by the lands of the Surquillo estate, to the west by Bellavista street, to the east by the railroad tracks that reached Lima and to the south by the first blocks of Larco and Porta streets.
As the city of Lima grew, Miraflores was absorbed into its metropolitan area during the early 20th century. Prior to the 1920s, its territory included the current districts of La Victoria (1920), San Isidro (1931), Lince (1936), part of Santiago de Surco (1944), Surquillo (1949), San Luis (1968) and San Borja (1983).
During the 1940s, the Iglesia Matriz Virgen Milagrosa was built next to the district's central park, [3] replacing the original San Miguel de Miraflores Church. [4]
On July 16, 1992, during the era of terrorism, a street in the district was targeted in a terrorist attack perpetrated by the Shining Path, which led to a crackdown on Peruvian insurgent groups, culminating in the group's leader being captured on September of the same year.[ citation needed ]
The district has a total land area of 9.62 km2. Its administrative centre is located 79 meters above sea level.
Boundaries
The district is divided into 50 neighbourhoods (Spanish : urbanizaciones) [2]
Climate
Miraflores has a marine climate, characterized by mild, humid, and comfortable conditions. Temperatures oscillate from 13 °C (55 °F) to 18 °C (64 °F) in winter, and from 20 °C (68 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F) in summer. Low clouds are frequent, especially during winter, when morning drizzles are not uncommon. Heavy rain is almost unseen.
According to the 2017 national census done by the INEI, the district has 99,337 inhabitants and a population density of 10,326 persons per km2 (26,744 persons per sq mile). Miraflores has a high Human Development Index at 0,986 and the lowest population living below the poverty line in Lima at 1.80%. [5] Along with its northern neighbour, San Isidro, Miraflores is inhabited primarily by upper-class residents and is consistently listed as one of the most expensive districts in the country.
The district has a pre-Inca mud-brick temple called the Huaca Pucllana, one of a number of archaeological sites found in Lima.[ citation needed ]
Miraflores had 128 private schools and 12 public schools in 2010. [5]
Lima, founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes, is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The city is considered the political, cultural, financial and commercial center of Peru. Due to its geostrategic importance, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network has categorized it as a "beta" tier city. Jurisdictionally, the metropolis extends mainly within the province of Lima and in a smaller portion, to the west, within the Constitutional Province of Callao, where the seaport and the Jorge Chávez Airport are located. Both provinces have regional autonomy since 2002.
Chorrillos, founded as San Pedro de los Chorrillos, is a district of Lima Province in Lima, Peru. A middle-income residential district, it is located next to the Pacific Ocean and forms part of the city's area known as the Costa Verde, which is home to a number of beaches, as well as private clubs and the country's national military school.
Santiago de Surco, commonly known simply as Surco, is a district of Lima, Peru. It is bordered on the north with the district of Ate Vitarte and La Molina; on the east with San Juan de Miraflores, on the west with San Borja, Surquillo, Miraflores and Barranco, and on the south with Chorrillos.
San Isidro is an upscale district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is located in the west center of the city, it has a few meters of coastline. Officially created on April 24, 1931, San Isidro, along with Orrantia and Country Club neighbourhoods, was separated from Miraflores.
Barranco, founded in 1874 as San José de Surco, is one of 43 districts in Lima, Peru. Its current mayor is Jessica Vargas.
The Lima Metropolitan Area is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian provinces of Lima and Callao. It is the largest of the metropolitan areas of Peru, the seventh largest in the Americas, the fourth largest in Latin America, and among the thirty largest in the world. The conurbation process started to be evident in the 1980s.
Surquillo is a district located in Lima, Peru. The district is bordered by the districts of San Isidro and San Borja on the north; by Miraflores on the south and west; and by Santiago de Surco on the east.
La Victoria is one of the forty-three districts that make up the province of Lima, located in Peru. It borders to the north and northeast with the district of Lima, to the east with the district of San Luis, to the southeast with the district of San Borja, to the south with the district of San Isidro, and to the west with the district of Lince and again with the Lima district. La Victoria is a historical and very busy public district located in downtown Lima. The current mayor of La Victoria is Rubén Dioscorides Andrés Cano Altez.
San Borja is a district of the Lima Province in Peru, and one of the upscale districts that comprise the city of Lima. Originally part of the district of Surquillo and San Isidro, it became officially established as a separate district on June 1, 1983.
Jesús María is one of the most centrally located districts of Lima, Peru. It is an upper class, high-density district and it usually ranks in the top districts with the best quality of life in Peru with an HDI of 0.8372 (2019), only behind the districts of La Molina and Lince.
Ate, also known as Ate-Vitarte, is one of the forty-three districts that make up Lima Province, located in Peru.
Lince is a district of Lima Province in Peru. It is part of the city of Lima. Officially established as a district on May 29, 1936, the current mayor (alcalde) of Lince is Vicente Amable Escalante. The district's postal code is 14. Until 1936, when it was made into a separate district, Lince was attached to Miraflores and San Isidro district.
San Juan de Miraflores is one of the forty-three districts that make up the province of Lima, located in the department of the same name, in Peru. Is one of the new towns, that have been formed by the massive numbers of people moving from other towns of Metropolitan Lima and from the countryside. During the early 1960s, was mostly a desert area.
A Peruvian postal code is a five-digit string that comprises part of a postal address in Peru. Prior to 2011, only the major cities of Lima and Callao used postal codes. However, in February 2011 a nationwide system was implemented which employs a five-digit numeric format. Similar to the postal codes of Mexico, Brazil, Australia, the United States, and elsewhere, postal codes in Peru are strictly numerical, using only numbers.
Huaca Pucllana or Huaca Juliana is a great adobe and clay pyramid located in the Miraflores district of central Lima, Peru, built from seven staggered platforms. It served as an important ceremonial and administrative center for the advancement of the Lima Culture, a society which developed in the Peruvian Central Coast between the years of 200 AD and 700 AD.
The Ichma kingdom or Pachacamac kingdom was a pre-Inca indigenous polity later absorbed by the Inca Empire and reorganized as a wanami (province). For the Inca it was known as Pachakamaq (Pachacamac), rather than its original name of Ishma.
Huaca Huallamarca also known as Huaca Pan de Azúcar, is an archaeological site in Peru. It is located in the district of San Isidro, in the city of Lima.
The Paseo de la República Avenue, officially the Vía Expresa Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes since 2019 and also known by its nickname, El Zanjón, is the most representative avenue of Lima, Peru. It crosses the districts of Lima, Lince, La Victoria, San Isidro, Surquillo, Miraflores, Barranco and Chorrillos from north to south along 66 blocks. COSAC I of the Metropolitano extends along its entire length, being one of the widest avenues in the city and country.
Miraflores Central Park, also known as Miraflores Park, is a public park located in Miraflores, Lima, Peru. It is divided into two parks: John F. Kennedy Park and 7 June Park. The former gives the entire park complex its popular name, Kennedy Park.
Petit Thouars Avenue is a major avenue in Lima, Peru. Starting in its intersection with Ricardo Palma Avenue, it crosses vertically through Miraflores, and continues through the districts of Lince, San Isidro and Lima, through its southern neighbourhood of Santa Beatriz, until it reaches 28 de Julio Avenue. It runs parallel to nearby Arequipa and Arenales avenues.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)