Miraflores District, Lima

Last updated
Miraflores
District
Miraflores Skyline.jpg
View from Barranco
Bandera de Miraflores (Lima).png
Flag
Coat of arms of Miraflores.svg
Coat of arms
Location of Miraflores (Lima, Peru).png
Location of Miraflores in Lima province
Coordinates: 12°07′03″S77°02′35″W / 12.11750°S 77.04306°W / -12.11750; -77.04306
CountryPeru
Province Lima
FoundedJanuary 2, 1857
Government
 • MayorCarlos Canales
(2023–2026)
Area
 • Total
9.62 km2 (3.71 sq mi)
Elevation
79 m (259 ft)
Population
 (2023)
 • Total
116,526
Time zone UTC-5 (PET)
UBIGEO 150122
Website miraflores.gob.pe

Miraflores, founded as San Miguel de Miraflores, [1] is a district of Lima Province, in Peru. A residential and upscale shopping district, it is one of the wealthiest districts that make up the city of Lima, located to the south of the city's historic downtown area, as well as one of its main tourist destinations, housing several hotels (including the Hilton, the JW Marriott, and the Belmond), restaurants, bars, nightclubs, and department stores.

Contents

It was established as a district on January 2, 1857. As a result of the Battle of Miraflores fought during the War of the Pacific, Miraflores got the designation of Ciudad Heroica ("Heroic City"). The district's postal code is 18.

History

Huaca Pucllana, Miraflores Huaca Pucllana Miraflores Lima PE.jpg
Huaca Pucllana, Miraflores

Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, Miraflores was one of the locations inhabited by members of the ancient Lima culture, which preceded the Inca Empire. The Huaca Pucllana (formerly Hispanicized as Juliana) serves as its only remaining remnants in the district, originally much larger in size. [2]

Once Spanish rule was established, the area became part of the district of Magdalena Vieja. [1] Established as San Miguel de Miraflores, it takes its name from the Miraflores Charterhouse, having become a district on January 2, 1857 under the presidency of Ramón Castilla and containing a number of estates (Armendáriz, Balconcillo, Barboncito, La Palma, Conde San Isidro, Lince, Limatambo, Santa Cruz and Chacarilla), as well as the lands at Leuro and Ocharán.

Miraflores was the site of the encounters between José de San Martín and Viceroy Pezuela that took place during the Peruvian War of Independence, on September 24, 1820. During the War of the Pacific, the district was the site of the eponymous battle, where two thousand people died as a result and the district was sacked and burned by the Chilean Army. In 1898, it was limited to the north by the lands of the Surquillo estate, to the west by Bellavista street, to the east by the railroad tracks that reached Lima and to the south by the first blocks of Larco and Porta streets.

As the city of Lima grew, Miraflores was absorbed into its metropolitan area during the early 20th century. Prior to the 1920s, its territory included the current districts of La Victoria (1920), San Isidro (1931), Lince (1936), part of Santiago de Surco (1944), Surquillo (1949), San Luis (1968) and San Borja (1983).

During the 1940s, the Iglesia Matriz Virgen Milagrosa was built next to the district's central park, [3] replacing the original San Miguel de Miraflores Church. [4]

On July 16, 1992, during the era of terrorism, a street in the district was targeted in a terrorist attack perpetrated by the Shining Path, which led to a crackdown on Peruvian insurgent groups, culminating in the group's leader being captured on September of the same year.

Geography

The district has a total land area of 9.62 km2. Its administrative centre is located 79 meters above sea level.

Boundaries

The district is divided into 50 neighbourhoods (Spanish : urbanizaciones): [2]

Climate

Miraflores has a marine climate, characterized by mild, humid, and comfortable conditions. Temperatures oscillate from 13 °C (55 °F) to 18 °C (64 °F) in winter, and from 20 °C (68 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F) in summer. Low clouds are frequent, especially during winter, when morning drizzles are not uncommon. Heavy rain is almost unseen.

Costa Verde

The Costa Verde ("green coast") area has several beaches, which draw surfers and beachgoers during the summertime. However, these rocky beaches are not as popular with bathers as the large, sandy beaches in the districts south of Lima, such as Santa María del Mar, Punta Hermosa, San Bartolo, Lurín and Punta Negra. La Marina Lighthouse is located on the cliffs overlooking the Costa Verde.

Paragliders launch from the coastal cliffs, providing there is enough wind.

Demographics

According to the 2017 national census done by the INEI, the district has 99,337 inhabitants and a population density of 10,326 persons per km2 (26,744 persons per sq mile). Miraflores has a high Human Development Index at 0,986 and the lowest population living below the poverty line in Lima at 1.80%. [5] Along with its northern neighbour, San Isidro, Miraflores is inhabited primarily by upper-class residents and is consistently listed as one of the most expensive districts in the country.

Culture and education

Unveiling of a bust and tribute to Jose Matias Delgado at Centroamerica Park. Develacion de busto y homenaje a Jose Matias Delgado procer salvadoreno en el parque Centroamerica (9).jpg
Unveiling of a bust and tribute to José Matías Delgado at Centroamérica Park.

The district is also a cultural centre, with theaters, cinemas and art galleries. It also has a pre-Inca mud-brick temple called the Huaca Pucllana, one of a number of archaeological sites found in Lima. Tourism dominates the economy of the district. LAN Perú has its headquarters in Miraflores. [6] The former airline Aeroperú also had its headquarters in Miraflores. [7] [8]

Private schools predominate in Miraflores, with the district housing 128 such institutions as of 2010. Conversely, the district is home to only 12 public schools; this can be attributed to the socioeconomic makeup of the district. [5] Schools are divided into primary (grades 1–6) and secondary school (grades 1–5 or 7–11). Since in Peru school only takes 11 years, the typical university education is five years long (for undergraduates).

In terms of education, the Miraflores district lodges some of the most prestigious private schools in Peru, such as the British schools Markham College, and San Silvestre School, the German school Deutsche Schule Alexander von Humboldt, and the Swiss school Colegio Pestalozzi. It also lodges the University of Piura and the Raúl Porras Barrenechea Institute of the National University of San Marcos.

The district is full of hotels, cafés, pubs, restaurants and shops, which draw large crowds of the local population on Sundays. Parque Kennedy , Miraflores' central plaza, regularly has flea markets and art exhibitions. Larcomar, a shopping mall overlooking the Pacific coast, is located in Miraflores, and is popular among tourists, young people, and the middle and upper classes. There are restaurants, stores, a food court, ice cream shops, arcades, bowling alleys, nightclubs, bars, and the most modern cinema in Lima.

The main tourist attractions include an archaeological complex called La Huaca Pucllana, Parque Kennedy, the Iglesia Virgen Milagrosa (church of the Miraculous Virgin), Parque del Amor (Lover's Park), the Larcomar mall, and Calle de las Pizzas (Pizza Street). The Calle de las Pizzas, located in downtown Miraflores, is a favourite among the youth, foreigners and locals alike. It is home to many pubs, and as its name implies, offers not only drinks but also varieties of pizzas and other food.

Miraflores has always been a major hub for tourists in Lima. There are a number of hotels in the area, including a couple of international hotel brands. Furthermore, there are several shops selling souvenirs and tourist products. The Miraflores Park Hotel is one of the district's five-star hotels.

Sister cities

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 "Historia". Municipalidad de Miraflores.
  2. 1 2 "Plan de Desarrollo Local Concertado del Distrito de Miraflores: 2017 - 2021" (PDF). Municipalidad de Miraflores. p. 35, 68–69.
  3. ↑ "Iglesias y Templos". Municipalidad de Miraflores.
  4. ↑ "Miraflores: realizan misa al aire libre en los exteriores de parroquia La Virgen Milagrosa y con presencia de feligreses". El Comercio . 2020-11-26.
  5. 1 2 "Informacion General Archived 2018-02-20 at the Wayback Machine " INEI . Retrieved on 16 September 2017.
  6. ↑ "Directory: World Airlines." Flight International . March 23–29, 2004. "Lan Peru" 98.
  7. ↑ "Our Offices in Peru." Aeroperú. August 13, 1997. Retrieved on March 14, 2010.
  8. ↑ "World Airline Directory." Flight International . March 20–26, 1996. "Aeroperu" 44.
  9. ↑ "Pensacola Sister Cities". Archived from the original on 2020-01-15. Retrieved 2007-03-31.
  10. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-09-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. ↑ "【7月8日】渋谷区とペルー共和国リマ市ミラフローレス区は姉妹都市提携に関する覚書を締結しました" (in Japanese). 2024-11-26.
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