Nyaneka language

Nyaneka
Lunyaneka, Olunyaneka
Native to	Angola
Region	Huila, Namibia, Namibe, Luanda, Benguela etc. . .
Native speakers	(300,000 to 1.2 million cited 1996 and undated) [1] incl. Ngambwe, Muila
Language family	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Benue–Congo Bantoid Bantu Kavango–Southwest Southwest Bantu Nyaneka
Language codes
ISO 639-3	nyk
Glottolog	nyan1305
Guthrie code	R.13 [2]

Nyaneka or Haneca is a Bantu language of Angola. The Ngambwe "dialect" is now considered a distinct language.

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Post-alv./ Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p	t	tʃ ~ c	k
	prenasal vl.	ᵐ̥pʰ	ⁿ̥tʰ	ᶮ̥tʃ ~ ᶮ̥c	ᵑ̥kʰ
	prenasal vd.	ᵐb	ⁿd	ᶮdʒ ~ ᶮɟ	ᵑɡ
Fricative	voiceless	f	s
	voiced	v ~ ʋ				ɦ
Approximant				j	w
Lateral			l

Consonants are palatalized when in combination with /j/;
/pʲ, tʲ, vʲ~ʋʲ, nʲ, lʲ, ᵐ̥pʰʲ, ⁿ̥tʰʲ, ᵑ̥kʰʲ, ⁿdʲ/.

Consonants are labialized when in combination with /w/;
/pʷ, tʷ, nʷ, lʷ, ᵐ̥pʰʷ, ⁿ̥tʰʷ, ᵑ̥kʰʷ, ᵐbʷ/.

• /s/ is heard as [ʃ] in the dialects spoken in Quilenges, Chilenge.
• Affricate sounds /tʃ, ᶮ̥tʃ, ᶮdʒ/ may also range to palatal plosive sounds [c, ᶮ̥c, ᶮɟ] in free variation among speakers.
• /v/ may also be heard as a labio-dental approximant [ʋ] in free variation. ^[3]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e		o
Low		a

Sample text

SAMPLE TEXT

Okulikuambela apeho,” oyo onkhalelo tupondola okulekesa okuti tuna ekolelo liotyotyili

TRANSLATION

To “pray constantly” in this way shows we have genuine faith

References

1. Nyaneka at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
2. Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
3. Halme, Riikka (2011). Creating a common orthography for Nyaneka-Nkumbi. In Christina Thornell and Karsten Legère (eds.), North-South Contributions to African Languages: Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 95–109.

External links

• Largest Nyaneka-Humbi resource on the internet (Mofeko) Omotola Akindipe & Tchahewa Tuquei Nkinda Culungo