Orders of magnitude (area)

Last updated
Image comparing various units: square mile (the entire yellow square), square kilometre, hectare and acre, as well as a soccer field and a Manhattan block. Comparison of units of area.png
Image comparing various units: square mile (the entire yellow square), square kilometre, hectare and acre, as well as a soccer field and a Manhattan block.
An area of one square kilometre consists of 100 hectares each containing 10,000 square metres. 1 km2.svg
An area of one square kilometre consists of 100 hectares each containing 10,000 square metres.

This page is a progressive and labelled list of the SI area orders of magnitude, with certain examples appended to some list objects.

Contents

10−70 to 10−9 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for area 10−70 to 10−9 square metres
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10−70 2.6×10−70 m2 Planck area, [1]
10−601 square quectometre
10−541 square rontometre
10−52 100 rm21 shed [2]
10−481 square yoctometre (ym2) 1 ym2 
10−43 100,000 ym21 femtobarn [3]
10−421 square zeptometre (zm2) 1 zm2 
10−361 square attometre (am2) 1 am2 
10−301 square femtometre (fm2) 1 fm2 
10−29 66.52 fm2 Thomson cross-section of the electron [4]
10−28 100 fm21 barn, roughly the cross-sectional area of a uranium nucleus [5]
10−241 square picometre (pm2) 1 pm2 
10−201 square angstrom (Å2) 10,000 pm2 
10−19100,000 pm2Area of a lipid bilayer, per molecule [6]
75,000–260,000 pm2Surface area of the 20 standard amino acids [7]
10−181 square nanometre (nm2) 1 nm2 
10−16100 nm2 Globular proteins: solvent-accessible surface area of a typical globular protein, having a typical molecular mass of ~35000 u (quite variable) [8]
10−1417,000 nm2Cross-sectional area of a nuclear pore complex in vertebrates [9]
10−121 square micrometre (μm2)6 μm2Surface area of an E. coli bacterium [10]
10−10 100 μm2Surface area of a red blood cell [11]
10−9 6,000–110,000 μm2Range of common LCD screen pixel sizes [12]
 7,000 μm2Area of a dot printed using 300 dots per inch resolution [13]
 8,000 μm2Cross-sectional area of a straight human hair that is 100 μm [14] in diameter [15]

10−8 to 10−1 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 10−8 to 10−1 square metres
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10−8 55,000 μm2Size of a pixel on a typical modern computer display
10−7 2-400,000 μm2Cross-sectional area of a mechanical pencil lead (0.5-0.7 mm in diameter) [16]
10−61 square millimetre (mm2)1–2 mm2Area of a human fovea [17]
2 mm2Area of the head of a pin
10−5 30–50 mm2Area of a 6–8 mm hole punched in a piece of paper by a hole punch [18]
10−41 square centimetre (cm2)290 mm2Area of one side of a U.S. penny [19] [20]
500 mm2Area of a typical postage stamp
10−3 1,100 mm2Area of a human retina [21]
4,600 mm2Area of the face of a credit card [22]
4,800 mm2Largest side of a cigarette box
10−21 square decimetre (dm2)10,000 mm2Index card (3 × 5 inches) [23]
60,000 mm2American letter paper (11 × 8.5 inches, "A" size)
62,370 mm2International A4 paper (210 × 297 mm)
92,903 mm21 square foot [24]
10−1 125,000 mm2International A3 paper (297 × 420 mm)
180,000 mm2Surface area of a basketball (diameter 24 cm) [25] [26]
250,000 mm2International A2 paper (420 × 594 mm)
500,000 mm2International A1 paper (594 × 841 mm)

100 to 107 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 100 to 107 square metres.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
1001 square metre 1 m2International A0 paper (841 × 1189 mm)
1.73 m2A number commonly used as the average body surface area of a human [27]
1–4 m2Area of the top of an office desk
101 10–20 m2A parking space
70 m2Approximate surface area of a human lung [28]
1021 square decametre (dam2)100 m2One are (a)
162 m2Size of a volleyball court (18 × 9 metres) [29]
202 m2Floor area of a median suburban three-bedroom house in the US in 2010: 2,169 sq ft (201.5 m2) [30]
261 m2Size of a tennis court [31]
437 m2Size of an NBA/WNBA/NCAA basketball court [32]
845 m2Wing area of Airbus A380, the largest commercial airliner [33]
978 m2Size of the primary mirror of the Extremely Large Telescope, the largest optical telescope in the world (under construction) [34]
1031 kilo square meter k(m2)1,000 m2Surface area of a modern stremma or dunam
1,250 m2Surface area of the water in an Olympic-size swimming pool [35]
4,047 m21 acre [36]
5,400 m2Size of an American football field [37] [38]
7,140 m2Size of a typical football (soccer) field [39] [40]
1041 square hectometre (hm2)10,000 m21 hectare (ha) [41]
17,000 m2Approximate area of a cricket field (theoretical limits: 6,402 m2 to 21,273 m2) [42]
22,100 m2Area of a Manhattan city block
53,000 m2Base of the Great Pyramid of Giza [43] [44]
105 195,000 m2 Irish National Botanic Gardens [45]
490,000 m2 Vatican City [46]
600,000 m2Total floor area of the Pentagon [47]
659,611 m2Total floor area of Surat Diamond Bourse (largest office building) [48]
887,800 m2 AvtoVAZ main assembly building, Tolyatti, Russia (largest building by footprint)
1061 mega square meter M(m2)

1 square kilometre (km2)

1.76 km2 New Century Global Center, Chengdu, China (largest building by total floor area)
2 km2 Monaco (country ranked 192nd by area) [49]
2.59 km21 square mile [50]
2.9 km2 City of London (not all of modern London) [51]
107 59.5 km2 Manhattan Island (land area) [52]
61 km2 San Marino [53]

108 to 1014 square metres

Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
108 105 km2 Paris (inner city only) [54]
110 km2 Walt Disney World [55]
272 km2 Taipei City [56]
630 km2 Toronto [57]
1091 giga square meter G(m2)1,100 km2 Hong Kong [58]
1,290 km2 Los Angeles, California, United States (city) [59]
1,962 km2 Jacksonville, Florida; largest city in the Continental US [60]
2,188 km2 Tokyo [61]
3,130 km2Average area of an American county
5,780 km2Administrative area of Bali [62]
8,030 km2 Community of Madrid, Spain
1010 11,000 km2 Jamaica [63]
30,528 km2Belgium
68,870 km2 Lake Victoria [64]
84,000 km2Austria [65]
1011 100,000 km2 South Korea [66]
167,996 km2 Jiuquan in China
232,000 km2Total area covered by underwater search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 (including both 2014-2017 and 2018 searches)
238,397 km2 Romania [67]
301,338 km2 Italy [68]
357,000 km2Germany [69]
377,900 km2Japan [70]
510,000 km2Spain [71]
780,000 km2 Turkey [72]
10121 tera square meter T(m2)

1 square megametre (Mm2)

1.0 Mm2 Egypt (country ranked 29th by area) [73]
2 Mm2 Mexico
3.10 Mm2 Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia (largest subnational governing body) [74]
3.28 Mm2 India (country ranked 7th by area)
5 Mm2Largest extent of the Roman Empire [75] [76]
7.74 Mm2Australia (country ranked 6th by area) [77]
8.5 Mm2Brazil
9.5 Mm2China/ United States of America
1013 10 Mm2Canada (including water) [78]
14 Mm2 Antarctica [79]
14 Mm2 Arable land worldwide [80]
16.6 Mm2Surface area of Pluto [81]
17 Mm2Russia (country ranked 1st by area) [82]
24 Mm2Largest extent of Mongol Empire
30 Mm2 Africa [83]
35.5 Mm2Largest extent of the British Empire [84]
38 Mm2Surface area of the Moon [85]
44.6 Mm2 Asia (largest continent by area)
70.5 Mm2 Indian Ocean [86]
85.1 Mm2 Atlantic Ocean [87]
1014 144 Mm2Surface area of Mars [88]
150 Mm2Land area of Earth [89]
168.7 Mm2 Pacific Ocean [90]
360 Mm2Water area of Earth [89]
510 Mm2Total surface area of Earth [89]

1015 to 1026 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 1015 to 1026 square metres.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10151 peta square meter P(m2)1,000 Mm2Surface area of the white dwarf, Van Maanen's star
7,600 Mm2Surface area of Neptune [91]
1016 43,000 Mm2Surface area of Saturn [92]
61 000 Mm2Surface area of Jupiter, [93] the "surface" area of the spheroid (calculated from the mean radius as reported by NASA). The cross-sectional area of Jupiter, which is the same as the "circle" of Jupiter seen by an approaching spacecraft, is almost exactly one quarter the surface-area of the overall sphere, which in the case of Jupiter is approximately 1.535×1016 m2.
1017 2-600 000 Mm2Surface area of the brown dwarf CT Chamaeleontis B.
460,000 Mm2Area swept by the Moon's orbit of Earth
10181 square gigametre (Gm2)6.1 Gm2Surface area of the Sun [94]
1019 30 Gm2Surface area of the star Vega
1020  100 Gm2 
10211 zetta square meter Z(m2)1 000 Gm2
1022 11 000 Gm2Area swept by Mercury's orbit around the Sun
37 000 Gm2Area swept by Venus' orbit around the Sun
71 000 Gm2Area swept by Earth's orbit around the Sun
1023 160 000 Gm2Area swept by Mars' orbit around the Sun
281 000 Gm2Surface area of a Dyson sphere with a radius of 1 AU
10241 yotta square meter (m2)

1 square terametre (Tm2)

1.9 Tm2Area swept by Jupiter's orbit around the Sun
6.4 Tm2Area swept by Saturn's orbit around the Sun
8.5 Tm2Surface area of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse
1025 24 Tm2Surface area of the hypergiant star VY Canis Majoris
26 Tm2Area swept by Uranus' orbit around the Sun
64 Tm2Area swept by Neptune's orbit around the Sun
1026 110 Tm2Area swept by Pluto's orbit around the Sun

1027 square metres and larger

List of orders of magnitude for areas 1027 square metres and larger.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10301 square petametre (Pm2)
103110 Pm2
1032200 Pm2Roughly the surface area of an Oort Cloud
300 Pm2Roughly the surface area of a Bok globule
10331 000 Pm2
103430 000 Pm2Roughly the surface area of The Bubble nebula
1035100 000 Pm2
10361 square exametre (Em2)
...
1041700 000 Em2Roughly the area of Milky Way's galactic disk
10421 square zettametre (Zm2)
...
10481 square yottametre (Ym2)
10541 square ronnametre (Rm2)2.4 Rm2Surface area of the observable universe [95]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>The World Factbook</i> Reference resource produced by the CIA

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available from the Government Publishing Office. The Factbook is available in website and downloadable formats. It provides a two- to three-page summary of the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of 266 international entities, including U.S.-recognized countries, dependencies, and other areas in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orders of magnitude (mass)</span> Comparison of a wide range of masses

To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following lists describe various mass levels between 10−67 kg and 1052 kg. The least massive thing listed here is a graviton, and the most massive thing is the observable universe. Typically, an object having greater mass will also have greater weight (see mass versus weight), especially if the objects are subject to the same gravitational field strength.

<i>Mars Climate Orbiter</i> Failed NASA mission to Mars (1998–1999)

The Mars Climate Orbiter was a robotic space probe launched by NASA on December 11, 1998, to study the Martian climate, Martian atmosphere, and surface changes and to act as the communications relay in the Mars Surveyor '98 program for Mars Polar Lander. However, on September 23, 1999, communication with the spacecraft was permanently lost as it went into orbital insertion. The spacecraft encountered Mars on a trajectory that brought it too close to the planet, and it was either destroyed in the atmosphere or escaped the planet's vicinity and entered an orbit around the Sun. An investigation attributed the failure to a measurement mismatch between two measurement systems: SI units (metric) by NASA and US customary units by spacecraft builder Lockheed Martin.

This list compares various energies in joules (J), organized by order of magnitude.

This is a tabulated listing of the orders of magnitude in relation to pressure expressed in pascals. psi values, prefixed with + and -, denote values relative to Earth's sea level standard atmospheric pressure (psig); otherwise, psia is assumed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity by country</span>

As of the year 2023, Christianity had approximately 2.4 billion adherents and is the largest religion by population. According to a PEW estimation in 2020, Christians made up to 2.38 billion of the worldwide population of about 8 billion people. It represents nearly one-third of the world's population and is the largest religion in the world, with the three largest groups of Christians being the Catholic Church, Protestantism, and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The largest Christian denomination is the Catholic Church, with 1.3 billion baptized members. The second largest Christian branch is either Protestantism, or the Eastern Orthodox Church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of the State of Palestine</span> Demographic features of the Palestinian territories

Demographic features of the population of the area commonly described as the Palestinian territories includes information on ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of that population.

This is a timeline of space exploration which includes notable achievements, first accomplishments and milestones in humanity's exploration of outer space.

The following are the international rankings of Taiwan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of the Arab world</span>

The Arab world consists of the 22 members of the Arab League. As of 2023, the combined population of all the Arab states was around 473 million people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Location of Earth</span> Knowledge of the location of Earth

Knowledge of the location of Earth has been shaped by 400 years of telescopic observations, and has expanded radically since the start of the 20th century. Initially, Earth was believed to be the center of the Universe, which consisted only of those planets visible with the naked eye and an outlying sphere of fixed stars. After the acceptance of the heliocentric model in the 17th century, observations by William Herschel and others showed that the Sun lay within a vast, disc-shaped galaxy of stars. By the 20th century, observations of spiral nebulae revealed that the Milky Way galaxy was one of billions in an expanding universe, grouped into clusters and superclusters. By the end of the 20th century, the overall structure of the visible universe was becoming clearer, with superclusters forming into a vast web of filaments and voids. Superclusters, filaments and voids are the largest coherent structures in the Universe that we can observe. At still larger scales the Universe becomes homogeneous, meaning that all its parts have on average the same density, composition and structure.

These are the international rankings of Pakistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IKAROS</span> First interplanetary solar sail spacecraft

IKAROS is a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) experimental spacecraft. The spacecraft was launched on 20 May 2010, aboard an H-IIA rocket, together with the Akatsuki probe and four other small spacecraft. IKAROS is the first spacecraft to successfully demonstrate solar sail technology in interplanetary space. The craft's name is an allusion to the legendary Icarus, who flew close to the Sun on wings made of bird-feathers and wax.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Energy in Qatar</span>

Energy in Qatar describes energy production, consumption, and policies of the State of Qatar. The International Monetary Fund ranked Qatar as having the fifth highest GDP per capita in 2016 with a 60,787 USD per capita nominal GDP over a population of 2.421 million inhabitants. In 2014, oil and natural gas production made up 51.1% of Qatar's nominal GDP. Thus, Qatar has a worldwide high ranking of per capita GDP due to its significance production and exports in both crude oil and natural gas in proportion to its relatively small population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Kosovo</span>

The Kosovo Agency of Statistics monitors various demographic features of the population of Kosovo, such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Censuses, normally conducted at ten-year intervals, record the demographic characteristics of the population. The latest census started on 5th of April 2024 and according to the preliminary results, the Republic of Kosovo has 1,586,659 inhabitants, of which 795,046 are men (50.1%) and 791,614 are women (49.9%). The same year, US CIA World Factbook estimate put the country's population at 1,977,093. According to the first census conducted after the 2008 declaration of independence in 2011, the permanent population of Kosovo was 1,810,366.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Islam by country</span> Population of Muslims by country

Adherents of Islam constitute the world's second largest and fastest growing major religious grouping, maintaining suggested 2017 projections in 2022. As of 2020, Pew Research Centre (PEW) projections suggest there are a total of 1.9 billion adherents worldwide. Further studies indicate the worldwide spread and percentage growth of Islam, may be attributed to high birth rates followed by a trend of worldwide adoption and conversion to Islam.

References

  1. ↑ Calculated: square of the Planck length = (1.62e-35 m)^2 = 2.6e-70 m^2
  2. ↑ Russ Rowlett (September 1, 2004). "Units: S". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Retrieved 2011-10-25.
  3. ↑ "Femtobarn". CERN writing guidelines. CERN . Retrieved 2015-10-22.
  4. ↑ Eric W. Weisstein. "Thomson Cross Section". Eric Weisstein's World of Science. Wolfram Research. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
  5. ↑ "Other non-SI units". SI brochure. BIPM. Archived from the original on 2008-08-21. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
  6. ↑ ""Rule of thumb" for the area per molecule in lipid bilayer". BioNumbers. Retrieved 2011-10-09.
  7. ↑ "Individual Properties of the 20 Standard Amino Acids: Properties and Images". The Amino Acid Repository. Jena Library of Biological Macromolecules. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
  8. ↑ Janin, J. E. L. (1979). "Surface and inside volumes in globular proteins". Nature. 277 (5696): 491–492. Bibcode:1979Natur.277..491J. doi:10.1038/277491a0. PMID   763335. S2CID   4338901.
  9. ↑ "The Nuclear Pore Complex". UIUC Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group. Retrieved 2011-10-14.
  10. ↑ "E. coli Statistics". The CyberCell Database. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-09-11.
  11. ↑ Marcelli, Gianluca; Parker, Kim H.; Winlove, C. Peter (2005). "Thermal Fluctuations of Red Blood Cell Membrane via a Constant-Area Particle-Dynamics Model". Biophysical Journal. 89 (4): 2473–2480. Bibcode:2005BpJ....89.2473M. doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.056168. PMC   1366746 . PMID   16055528.
  12. ↑ Calculated: Smallest and largest common pitches were 77 micrometers and 337 micrometers. (77e-6 m)^2 ~= 6e-9 m^2. (337e-6 m)^2 ~= 114e-9 m^2 ~= 110e-9 m^2
  13. ↑ Calculated: (300 dots per inch / 2.54e-2 m/inch)^(-2) = 7.2e-9 m^2
  14. ↑ "Hair Fiber Composition" . Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  15. ↑ Calculated: 100 μm in diameter => pi * ((1e-4 m)/2)**2 = 7.9e-9 m^2
  16. ↑ Calculated: pi * (0.5mm/2)^2 = 2.0e-7 m^2 and pi * (0.7mm/2)^2 = 3.8e-7 m^2)
  17. ↑ "Part XIII: Facts and Figures concerning the human retina". Webvision. University of Utah. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
  18. ↑ Calculated: ((6e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 2.8e-5 m^2 and ((8e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 5.0e-5 m^2
  19. ↑ "Coin specifications". United States Mint. Retrieved 2011-12-28.
  20. ↑ Calculated: area = pi * diameter^2 / 4 = 3.14 * (19.05e-3 m)^2 = 2.850e-4 m^2
  21. ↑ Taylor, Enid; Jennings, Alan (1971). "Calculation of total retinal area". Br. J. Ophthalmol. 55 (4): 262–5. doi:10.1136/bjo.55.4.262. PMC   1208280 . PMID   5572268.
  22. ↑ "Credit Card Dimensions" . Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  23. ↑ Calculated: 3 inches * 5 inches * (2.54e-2 m/inch)^2 = 9.7e-3 m^2 ~= 0.01 m^2
  24. ↑ Calculated: 1 foot * 1 foot * (0.3048 meters / foot)^2 = 0.092.90304 m^2
  25. ↑ "Rules of the Game". USA Basketball. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  26. ↑ Calculated: 29.5-29.75 inch circumference * 2.54 cm / in = 23.85-24.05 cm diameter => radius = 0.119-0.120 m => Area = 4 * pi * (0.119 m)^2 = 0.18 m^2
  27. ↑ Sacco, Joseph J.; Botten, Joanne; Macbeth, Fergus; Bagust, Adrian; Clark, Peter (2010). "The Average Body Surface Area of Adult Cancer Patients in the UK: A Multicentre Retrospective Study". PLOS ONE. 5 (1): e8933. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8933S. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008933 . PMC   2812484 . PMID   20126669.
  28. ↑ Notter, Robert H. (2000). Lung surfactants: basic science and clinical applications. New York, N.Y: Marcel Dekker. p. 120. ISBN   0-8247-0401-0 . Retrieved 2011-09-27.
  29. ↑ "Section 1.1" (PDF). Official Volleyball Rules 2011-2012. FIVB. 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-27. The playing court is a rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides.
  30. ↑ "Median and Average Square Feet of Floor Area in New Single-Family Houses Completed by Location" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
  31. ↑ "Area of a Tennis Court". The Physics Factbook. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
  32. ↑ Calculated: 4,700 sq ft * (0.3048 ft/m)2 = 436.644288 m2
  33. ↑ "A380 Prestige Specifications" (PDF). Airbus. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2016.
  34. ↑ "Extremely Large Telescope - Timeline" . Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  35. ↑ Calculated: 50 m * 25 m = 1250 m^2
  36. ↑ "General Tables of Units of Measurement" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-11-26. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 4046.87
  37. ↑ "What are the Dimensions of a Football Field". Dimensions Guide. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
  38. ↑ Calculated: 360 feet * 160 feet * (0.3048 m/ft)^2 = 5351 m^2 ~= 5400 m^2
  39. ↑ "How Big Is An Olympic Soccer Field?". LIVESTRONG.COM. Retrieved 2012-01-04. For the Olympics, fields are supposed to measure exactly 105 meters long and 68 meters wide
  40. ↑ Calculated: 105 m * 68 m = 7140 m^2
  41. ↑ "General Tables of Units of Measurement" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-11-26. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  42. ↑ "AFL Ground Sizes | Passy's World of Mathematics". passyworldofmathematics.com. 11 September 2011. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
  43. ↑ Greenberg, Ralph. "THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA (Some Elegant Numerical Relationships)" . Retrieved 2012-01-04. average length of the four sides is 230.364 meters
  44. ↑ Calculated: 230.364 m^2 ~= 53068 m^2
  45. ↑ Gartland, Fiona. "Valuable lead roofing stolen from Dublin bandstands". Archived from the original on 30 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  46. ↑ "Holy See (Vatican City)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  47. ↑ "The Pentagon - George Bergstrom". Great Buildings Online. Retrieved 2011-10-28. Floor area of 6.5 million square feet, 34 acres, 13.8 hectares, of which 3.7 million square feet are used for offices.
  48. ↑ Holland, Oscar (2023-07-18). "The world's new largest office building is bigger than the Pentagon". CNN. Retrieved 2024-11-07.
  49. ↑ "Monaco". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  50. ↑ Calculated: 1 mile * 1 mile * (1.61 km / mile)^2 = 2.59 km^2
  51. ↑ "Jurisdictions: London". The International Finance Centre Portal. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  52. ↑ "New York -- Place and County Subdivision: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density 2000". Census 2000 Summary File 1. US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2011-01-03. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  53. ↑ "San Marino". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  54. ↑ "Comparateur de territoire: Commune de Paris (75056)". INSEE. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  55. ↑ "Walt Disney World Resort". Disney By The Numb3rs. Archived from the original on 2015-06-12. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 30,500 acres
  56. ↑ "Appendix II Statistics". Taipei Yearbook 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-05-22. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  57. ↑ "Population and Dwelling Counts". 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  58. ↑ "Hong Kong". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  59. ↑ "California by Place: Los Angeles city". US Census. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 498.29 square miles
  60. ↑ "Cities with 100,000 or More Population in 2000 ranked by Land Area (square miles) /1, 2000 in Rank Order". U.S. Census Bureau, Administrative and Customer Services Division, Statistical Compendia Branch. March 16, 2004. Archived from the original on October 17, 2002. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
  61. ↑ "OVERVIEW OF TOKYO". Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Archived from the original on 2011-11-08. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  62. ↑ "Kabupaten Klungkung : Data Agregat per Kecamatan" (PDF). Sp2010.bps.go.id. 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  63. ↑ "Jamaica". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  64. ↑ "Lake Profile: Victoria". World Lakes. LakeNet. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  65. ↑ "Austria". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  66. ↑ "South Korea". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  67. ↑ The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  68. ↑ "Italy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  69. ↑ "Germany". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  70. ↑ "Japan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  71. ↑ "Spain". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  72. ↑ "Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  73. ↑ "Egypt". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  74. ↑ Rosstat (Russian Statistical Service), 2010 Archived 2012-10-18 at the Wayback Machine (xls). Retrieved 2012-06-15.
  75. ↑ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN   1076-156X . Retrieved 2016-09-16.
  76. ↑ Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 125. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR   1170959.
  77. ↑ "Australia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  78. ↑ "Canada". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  79. ↑ "Antarctica". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  80. ↑ "FAO Resources page". FAO.org. 2010.
  81. ↑ "Pluto: By the Numbers". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2015-12-11.
  82. ↑ "Russia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  83. ↑ "Map of Africa". Worldatlas.com. Retrieved 2012-01-04. 30,065,000 sq km
  84. ↑ Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia" (PDF). International Studies Quarterly . 41 (3): 502. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR   2600793.
  85. ↑ "Earth's Moon: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2004-02-24. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  86. ↑ "Indian Ocean - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2024-11-07.
  87. ↑ "The World Factbook: Atlantic Ocean". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-03-24. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  88. ↑ "Mars: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2003-12-15. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  89. 1 2 3 "The World Factbook: World". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-08-31. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
  90. ↑ "The World Factbook: Pacific Ocean". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-11-17. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  91. ↑ "Neptune: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2003-12-15. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  92. ↑ "Saturn: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2004-02-24. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  93. ↑ "Jupiter: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2003-12-15. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  94. ↑ "Sun: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 2011-07-03. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  95. ↑ "Wolfram|Alpha: Computational Knowledge Engine". www.wolframalpha.com. Retrieved 2016-03-01.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.