The Elaine massacre occurred on September 30–October 2, 1919 at Hoop Spur in the vicinity of Elaine in rural Phillips County, Arkansas. As many as several hundred African Americans and five white men were killed. Estimates of deaths made in the immediate aftermath of the Elaine Massacre by eyewitnesses range from 50 to "more than a hundred". Walter Francis White, an NAACP attorney who visited Elaine shortly after the incident, stated "... twenty-five Negroes killed, although some place the Negro fatalities as high as one hundred". More recent estimates in the 21st century of the number of black people killed during this violence are higher than estimates provided by the eyewitnesses, and have ranged into the hundreds. Robert Whitaker estimated 856 people were killed in his 2008 book on this topic. The white mobs were aided by federal troops and local terrorist organizations. Gov. Brough led a contingent of 583 US soldiers from Camp Pike, with a 12-gun machine gun battalion.
Helena–West Helena is the county seat of and the largest city within Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. The current city was consolidated, effective January 1, 2006, from the two Arkansas cities of Helena and West Helena. Helena is sited on lowlands between the Mississippi River and the eastern side of Crowley's Ridge. West Helena is located on the western side of Crowley's Ridge, a geographic anomaly in the typically flat Arkansas Delta. The Helena Bridge, one of Arkansas' four Mississippi River bridges, carries U.S. Route 49 across to Mississippi. The combined population of the two cities was 15,012 at the 2000 census and at the 2010 census, the official population was 12,282.
The Allegheny County Courthouse in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is part of a complex designed by H. H. Richardson. The buildings are considered among the finest examples of the Romanesque Revival style for which Richardson is well known.
Ashland County Courthouse was constructed from 1928–1929 on West 2nd Street in Ashland, Ohio, United States. The courthouse was added to the National Register on 1979-12-21.
The Jefferson County Courthouse is a historic building in Charles Town, West Virginia, USA. The building is historically notable as the site of two trials for treason: that of John Brown in 1859, and those of unionizing coal miners from Mingo County, West Virginia, a consequence of the Battle of Blair Mountain, whose trials were moved from the southern part of the state in 1922 as a result of a change of venue.
New York's historic Putnam County Courthouse is located on Gleneida Avenue across from the eastern terminus of NY 301 in downtown Carmel, the county seat, overlooking Lake Gleneida. First built in 1814, two years after the county itself was established, it is the second-oldest county courthouse still in use in the state after Fulton County's.
The historic Mohave County Courthouse and Jail buildings on Spring Street at North 4th Street in Kingman, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
Valparaiso has retained an active downtown. It remains a mix of government, retail and business center, with a mixed residential and service area. Numerous economic changes have not changed the basic character, historic courthouse area. The historic district retains the distinctive turn-of-the-19th-century architecture, supporting numerous small specialty shops, shaded sidewalks, and a people friendly environment. The Downtown District, is anchored on the Porter County Courthouse. It includes 14-blocks surrounding the square, bounded on the north by Jefferson Street, on the east by Morgan Street, on the south by Monroe Street, and on the west by Napoleon Street.
The Scott County Jail is the main detention facility for Scott County, Iowa, United States. Inmates are housed for no more than one year, by Iowa law. It is located in the county seat, Davenport, and is part of same facility as the Scott County Courthouse.
Frank W. Gibb was an architect in Little Rock, Arkansas.
The Cherry Street Historic District is a historic neighborhood, commercial, and entertainment district serving as the downtown of Helena in Helena–West Helena, Arkansas. Cherry Street is located between Elm Street and the nearby Phillips County Courthouse to the north, and Porter Street to the south. The history of Cherry Street is tied to the blues heritage of the area beginning in the 1940s.
The Yell County Courthouse is a courthouse in Dardanelle, Arkansas, United States, one of two county seats of Yell County, built in 1914. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. The courthouse is the second building to serve the Dardanelle district of Yell County.
The Covington County Courthouse and Jail is a historic courthouse in Andalusia, the seat of Covington County, Alabama. It was built from 1914 to 1916 along with a jail. Together, the buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
The Craighead County Courthouse is located at 511 Main Street, in the center of Jonesboro, Arkansas, the county seat of Craighead County. It is a two-story brick structure with limestone trim, built in 1934, and is the city's only significant example of Art Deco architecture. The building has a stepped appearance, with a large central block that has an oversized second story, and is flanked by smaller two-story wings, from which single-story sections project to the front and back. Vertical panels of fluted limestone accentuate corner projections from the main block, a motif repeated near the roof line of that block. The main entrance is recessed in an opening flanked by similarly fluted panels. The courthouse is the fifth of the county to stand on the site. Near the entrance to the courthouse stands a copy of John Paulding's World War I memorial, Over the Top, placed in 1920, and often confused with E. M. Viquesney's "Spirit of the American Doughboy".
The Poinsett County Courthouse is located on a city block of downtown Harrisburg, Arkansas, bounded by Court, North Main, Market, and East Streets. It is a two-story granite and concrete structure, set on a raised foundation. The central block is topped by a tiled hip roof, with an octagonal tower set on a square base at its center. The front facade has a Classical Revival tetrastyle Corinthian portico with a fully enclosed gable pediment. Wings on either side of the main block are lower in height, but project beyond the main block's front and back. They are capped by low balustrade surrounding a flat roof. The courthouse was designed by Mitchell Seligman of Pine Bluff. Construction began in 1918 and it was completed in 1920. This courthouse was built to replace an earlier courthouse which had been destroyed by fire on May 4, 1917.
The Old Searcy County Jail is a historic building on Center Street, on the south side of the courthouse square in Marshall, Arkansas. It is a two-story stone structure, built out of local sandstone, with a pyramidal roof topped by a cupola. The front facade, three bays wide, has a central bay that projects slightly, rising to a gabled top, with barred windows at each level. The main entrance is recessed in the rightmost bay. The building's interior houses jailer's quarters on the ground floor and cells on the upper level. Built in 1902, it was used as a jail until 1976, and briefly as a museum thereafter.
The former Newton County Jail is located at the junction of Spring and Elm Streets in Jasper, Arkansas. Built of local stone c. 1903–04, it served as a local lockup until 2009, when a new jail was opened. It is a two-story structure, located just off the courthouse square northwest of the county courthouse. Its main facade has a center entrance flanked by barred windows, and a larger two-leaf casement window, also barred, set in a segmented-arch opening, at the center of the second floor.
The Searcy Municipal Courthouse, formerly the Searcy Post Office is a historic government building at Gum and Arch Streets in downtown Searcy, Arkansas. It is a two-story brick building with Renaissance Revival styling. The central bays of its main facade are articulated by paneled pilasters of the Corinthian order, with large two-story windows flanking a two-story entrance, all set in recessed segmented-arch openings. The shallow hipped roof has elongated eaves with large brackets. The building was designed by Oscar Wenderoth and built in 1914, and is the only high-style Renaissance Revival building in White County.
The Conway County Courthouse is located at 117 S. Moose Street in downtown Morrilton, Arkansas, the county seat of Conway County. It is a 2+1⁄2-story masonry building, built out of red brick with trim of white concrete and white terra cotta. Dominating the main facade are five slightly recessed bays, articulated by four two-story engaged round columns, and flanked by square pilasters. The outer bays of the facade are each flanked by brick pilasters with cast terra cotta bases and capitals. The courthouse was built in 1929 to a design by Arkansas architect Frank W. Gibb.
Hamilton County Courthouse Square is a historic courthouse and jail located at Noblesville, Hamilton County, Indiana. The jail was built in 1875–1876, and is a Second Empire style brick and limestone building. It consists of the two-story, ell-shaped jailer's residence, with a cellblock attached at the rear. It features a three-story square tower that once had a mansard roof. The courthouse was built between 1877 and 1879, and is a three-story, Second Empire style, rectangular brick building. It has a clock tower atop the mansard roof and limestone Corinthian order pilasters.
