Procaine benzylpenicillin

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Procaine benzylpenicillin
Combination of
Benzylpenicillin antibiotic
Procaine anaesthetic
Clinical data
Trade names Bicillin C-R, [1] other
Other namespenicillin G procaine, procaine penicillin G, procaine penicillin
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Procaine benzylpenicillin also known as penicillin G procaine, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [2] Specifically it is used for syphilis, anthrax, mouth infections, pneumonia, diphtheria, cellulitis, and animal bites. [2] It is given by injection into a muscle. [2]

Contents

Side effects include pain at the site of injection, blood clotting problems, seizures, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. [2] When used to treat syphilis a reaction known as Jarisch-Herxheimer may occur. [2] It is not recommended in those with a history of penicillin allergy or procaine allergy. [1] [2] Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is relatively safe. [1] [2] Procaine benzylpenicillin is in the penicillin and beta lactam family of medications. [2] It works via benzylpenicillin and results in bacterial death. [2] [3] Procaine makes the combination long acting. [4]

Procaine benzylpenicillin was introduced for medical use in 1948. [3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [5]

Medical uses

Specific indications for procaine penicillin include: [6]

Adverse effects

At high doses procaine penicillin can cause seizures and CNS abnormalities due to procaine present in it.[ citation needed ]

Mechanism

It is a form of penicillin which is a combination of benzylpenicillin and the local anaesthetic agent procaine. [9] Following deep intramuscular injection, it is slowly absorbed into the circulation and hydrolysed to benzylpenicillin — thus it is used where prolonged low concentrations of benzylpenicillin are required.

Compendial status

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

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  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2005). "Inadvertent use of Bicillin C-R to treat syphilis infection—Los Angeles, California, 1999–2004". MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 54 (9): 217–9. PMC   6820132 . PMID   15758893.
  8. United States Food & Drug Administration. "FDA Strengthens Labels of Two Specific Types of Antibiotics to Ensure Proper Use." Archived 2009-01-14 at the Wayback Machine Published December 1, 2004. Last accessed June 18, 2007.
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