Sardinella

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Sardinella
Temporal range: 47.8–0  Ma
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S
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Middle Eocene to Present [1]
Sardinella gibbosa.jpg
Sardinella gibbosa
Sardinella maderensis.jpg
Sardinella maderensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Suborder: Clupeoidei
Family: Dorosomatidae
Genus: Sardinella
Valenciennes, 1847

Sardinella is a genus of fish in the family Dorosomatidae found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. They are abundant in warmer waters of the tropical and subtropical oceans. Adults are generally coastal, schooling, marine fish but juveniles are often found in lagoons and estuaries. [2] These species are distinguished by their ranges and by specific body features, but they are often confused with one another. Fish of the genus have seven to 14 striped markings along the scales of the top of the head. The paddle-shaped supramaxilla bones are characteristic; they separate Sardinella from other genera and their shapes help distinguish species. They have paired predorsal scales and enlarged fin rays. [3]

Species

There are currently 24 recognized species in this genus:

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Sardinella pacifica is a species of marine fish of the sardines in the family Clupeidae belonging to the genus Sardinella, which is endemic to the waters around the Philippines. This species was first described in 2019, with 21 preserved specimens, discovered and known only in the Philippines. It is characterized with centrally discontinuous striae in its lateral scales, dorsal fin origin with a dark spot, lower gill rakers which is more than 70 on the first gill arch, eight rays of the pelvic fin, and 17-18 prepelvic and 12-13 postpelvic scutes, all of which it closely resembled that of Sardinella fimbriata. However, the two species differs in that, S. pacifica have lower count of lateral scales, lower count of pseudobranchial filaments(14-19 compared to S. fimbriata, 19–22), postpelvic scutes(12-13 compared to S. fimbriata, 13–14), and shorter lower jaw(10.4–11.6% of standard length compared to that of S. fimbriata which is 11.1–12.2% of standard length). The fish's gill rakers was considered as the species adaptation to Philippine waters.

Stolephorus advenus, the false Indian anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.

Stolephorus brachycephalus, the broadhead anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.

Stolephorus dubiosus, the Thai anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.

Stolephorus multibranchus, the Caroline anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.

Stolephorus ronquilloi, the Ronquillo's anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.

References

  1. Sepkoski, J.J.Jr (2002): A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 363: 1-560.
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Sardinella in FishBase . June 2016 version.
  3. Whitehead, P.J.P. (1985). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of the Herrings, Sardines, Pilchards, Sprats, Shads, Anchovies and Wolf-herrings. (Part. 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae) (PDF). FAO. pp. 90–114. ISBN   92-5-102340-9.
  4. 1 2 Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2019). FishBase. Sardinella pacifica Hata & Motomura, 2019. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1332810 on 2019-03-12
  5. Stern, N., Rinkevich, B. & Goren, M. (2016): Integrative approach revises the frequently misidentified species of Sardinella (Clupeidae) of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. Journal of Fish Biology, 89 (5): 2282–2305.