St Jude's, Bristol

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St Jude's
St Jude's Church, Bristol (2751881503).jpg
The former St Jude's Church
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St Jude's
Location within Bristol
OS grid reference ST600736
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town BRISTOL
Postcode district BS5
Dialling code 0117
Police Avon and Somerset
Fire Avon
Ambulance South Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Bristol
51°27′38″N2°34′37″W / 51.460633°N 2.5768567°W / 51.460633; -2.5768567

St Jude's is a mixed residential, commercial, and light industrial area of central Bristol, England, which forms part of the Lawrence Hill ward. Situated immediately east of Broadmead and the city centre, parts of the area were historically known as Poyntz Pool and the Lamb Ground. It developed from a 17th-century extra-mural settlement into a densely populated Victorian district. In the 20th century, St Jude's underwent two major waves of clearance and redevelopment, resulting in the high-density social housing that is visible in the area today.

Contents

Geography

St Jude's is part of a low-lying area of the lower Frome valley between the Bristol Avon and Bristol Frome rivers[ citation needed ]. St Jude's sits between the hills of north Bristol to the west and Trooper's Hill to the east[ citation needed ].

A tributary of Bristol Avon, the River Frome (Bristol) flows through the northern section of the district. In this area, the river is heavily channelised and semi-culverted; it runs along the southern edge of Riverside Park, which separates the residential streets and the motorway before disappearing underground beneath the Cabot Circus car park[ citation needed ]. Originally joining the Avon near Bristol Bridge, it now meets the Avon at St Augustine's Reach. The Frome was diverted to form the Bristol Castle moat and later was diverted to form the harbour[ citation needed ]. There were major flooding events in the immediate area at Baptist Mills in 1882 and 1888. Several parts of the neighbourhood have a high chance of flooding each year [1] .

St Jude's is at the western send of the Frome Valley Walkway. [2] [3] [4]

St Jude's boundaries

Present day St Jude's is an informal but widely referenced neighbourhood within the wider area of Easton. St Jude's sits in the Lawrence Hill ward of the city, county and unitary authority of Bristol; the neighbourhood is within the boundaries of the Bristol East parliamentary constituency and the historic county of Gloucestershire [5] . Part of St Jude's is included in the Old Market Quarter neighbourhood planning area. [6] St Jude's is co-terminus with Lawrence Hill ward polling districts B and D [7] and split between the Temple Meads, Barton Hill and Upper Easton 2021 census output areas [8] .  The whole of St Jude's notionally sits inside the Eastside Community [9] .

The size and extent of the St Jude's neighbourhood has changed over time since the creation of the original parish in 1844 [10] [11] . St Jude's today comprises land from parts of former parishes including St Philip & Jacob within, St Philip & Jacob without, St Peter, Holy Trinity, St Matthias on the Weir, St Paul, St Paul outparish, St Simon, St Mark, St Werburgh and St Barnabas [12] .

Historic boundaries

Sited in the Swineshead hundred in the Domesday book, later moved into the Barton Regis hundred, most of the area later known as St Jude's was part of St Philip & Jacob parish until 1834[ citation needed ]. From 1836 this area was administered under the Poor Laws by the Clifton Union rather than Barton Regis hundred. By 1877 the Clifton Union had been renamed to the Barton Regis Union, not to be confused with the Barton Regis rural sanitary district then rural district from 1875 and 1894 respectively[ citation needed ].

Much of current St Jude's was outside the Bristol city boundary until 1835, exceptions being Redcross Street to Old Market, St Matthias Park, part of River Street and the northern section of Champion Square [12] .  St Philip & Jacob, including the rest of St Jude's, joined the city in 1835. The rest of Easton followed in 1897 [12] .

St Philip & Jacob parish created Holy Trinity parish covering much of present day St Jude's in 1832 [13] . Trinity was further divided into St Simon (1844) [14] , St Jude (1844) [10] and St Matthias on the Weir (1846) [15] . These parishes continued to be part of consolidated chapelry St Philip & Jacob (Without) when it formally separated into in-parish and out-parish in 1865 [16] .

This original parish of St Jude's created in 1844 was a small urban area, comprising modern day River Street, parts of Wade Street, Houlton Street, Wellington Road and Great George Street. As well as the back of Little George Street and half of Cabot Circus' car park [17] .

St Mathias was merged into St Jude's parish in 1937 [15] . By 1975 the Easton Christian Family Centre comprised the merged parishes of Holy Trinity, St Philip, St Gabriel, St Jude and St Lawrence. [18]

Impact of inner city regeneration on boundaries

Before the second world war St Jude's was a community adjacent to the 'golden mile', a shopping street running from the city centre to Lawrence Hill [19] . The wider area comprised a continuous swathe of tight terraces with small scale industry with few major boundaries. Parts of the River Frome served as a boundary between St Jude's and other parishes [12] .

Inner city regeneration isolated St Jude's from both the city centre and from Easton. To the west the creation of a dual carriageway underpass in 1967 cut off Old Market from Broad Weir and the city centre [19] . To the east in the same year creation of Easton Way, a dual carriageway breaking Stapleton Road into two discrete areas, acting as a hard boundary separating St Jude's from the rest of Easton. To the north where the River Frome had served as a partial boundary the building of M32 and Newfoundland Way (A4032) created a new, hard north western boundary. These roads now acts as a unified boundary between council wards and between Parliamentary constituencies [5] . Formerly a part of St Paul then St Barnabas on the western bank of the River Frome [12] , Riverside Park now sits between the main road and the river and is in St Jude's [2] . Similarly where the A4320 (Easton Way) formed a new hard boundary a small section of Barton Mills is now part of Riverside Park in modern day St Jude's [12] .

The historic area of St Jude's did not include Stapleton Road, occupying the space between Old Market Street and the river [11] . The creation of the dual carriageway and Lawrence Hill roundabout created a small, isolated area boundaried by Stapleton Road to the west and Lawrence Hill roundabout to the A4320 (Easton Way).

The impact was to divide a previously contiguous sweep of residential, shopping and industry [19] and create a district isolated from its surrounding areas by the end of the M32 motorway and the network of inner city dual carriageway ring roads [11] .

Current boundaries of St Jude's

St Jude's is now an informal but widely referenced area where the name is used interchangeably with the wider area of Easton and, in part, with Old Market Quarter as part of the area surrounding the commercial district. For this area known locally as St Jude's Ordnance Survey carries no locale name: the area bounded by the A420 north of Old Market roundabout, east onto Newfoundland Way, south east, then west onto Easton Way, Easton Road/West Street/Old Market. The only known street signage or infrastructure to reference St Jude's is the former St Jude's Community Room [20] at Tyndall House, Great George Street. Other names in existence for this same area are not in common usage and typically single source: St Stephen [21] , St Mathias Park [6] , Trinity [6] and, historically, St Philip [19] .

The whole area between the Newfoundland Way/M32 in the west and Stapleton Road to the east is now commonly known as St Jude's with Easton Way as a northern boundary and the northernmost section of Temple Way as a western boundary. Common citations naming St Jude's include the Frome Gateway either site of the River Frome including Riverside Park and Houlton Street [2] ; Rawnsley Park that borders Easton Way and Stapleton Road [22] ; the Bristol Post defined Stapleton Road and Clifton Place as being the border of St Jude's and Easton [23] ; the former Trinity Church [24] now Trinity Centre [25] ; Gloucester Lane [26] ; Redcross Place [27] ; St Matthias Park [28] and Champion Square [29] ; and Cabot Gate/Cabot Circus car park [30] . Old Market Street and West Street are rarely named as part of a neighbourhood and are referred to as part of Old Market as the dominant road.

History

Early history

In the medieval period, the land was open pasture situated outside the city walls. By the late 17th century, the area was referred to as Great Wells or the Lamb Ground, an estate of approximately 16 acres named after the Lamb Inn. [31] The Lamb Inn, a triple-gabled timber-framed structure established c. 1651, fronted West Street and remained a local landmark until its demolition for road widening in 1906. [32] It is known as the site where James Nayler stayed before the events of the Nayler case. [33] [a]

Systematic development of the area as part of eastward expansion of Bristol's urban core began under Nathaniel Wade, town clerk of Bristol. Around 1707, Wade began laying out a street grid on the land used as pasture, establishing Wade Street, Great George Street (named for Prince George of Denmark), and Great Ann Street (named for Queen Anne). The development was initially intended for artisans, with early residents including feltmakers, carpenters, and pipe makers. Wade developed the area in partnership with Abraham Hooke, and together they constructed approximately 560 houses in the low-lying marshy area then known as Crotwells. [36] The district was also home to a community of weavers living just outside Lawford's Gate. In 1729, economic hardship led to a riot in which weavers attacked the home of Stephen Feacham, an unpopular employer, resulting in fatalities when troops fired on the crowd. [37]

An excavation of a proposed residential development, on a site of 1,260 m² at the corner and on the north-west side of Little Anne Street and Wade Street, uncovered 18th century artisan's houses. Census records and other primary sources suggest that a property within the bounds of the study site, 26 Wade Street, served as a pipe factory, while several pipemaking families and individuals resided within the area. [31] [38] Archaeological finds of pipe-making waste at Monk Street (since razed for Riverside Park) have been linked to the St Jude's industry, with local production being historically centred on New Street and Wade Street. John Wilkey, a local pipemaker, managed the Phoenix Pottery at Baptist Mills for the White family before opening his own factory on Wade Street in 1862 on property owned by the same family. [39]

Situated at the eastern boundary of the area was Lawford's Gate Prison, constructed in 1791. Designed by George Onesiphorus Paul as a House of Correction for Gloucestershire, the facility was intended to enforce modern ideas of prison reform, including controlled diets and labour. The prison was severely damaged during the 1831 Bristol riots, where the treadmill and gallows were destroyed and prisoners released. While the ruins remained for nearly a century, the structure was finally demolished in 1926 to make way for municipal housing. [40] [41]

19th century

By the 19th century, the open ground near the Lamb Inn had become known as Poyntz Pool. The etymology is uncertain, though it was rendered as Pints Pool on John Rocque's 1742 map. [32] The area gained notoriety for lawlessness and "unhallowed revelry"; it was historically a site for bull-baiting, leading to the local thoroughfare of Lawford Street being colloquially known as Bull Paunch Lane. [42] [43] This lane connected to Butchers' Row, an area housing four slaughterhouses in the mid-19th century. [44]

As Bristol urbanised, the area became a dense slum, described in 1854 as one of the Bristol's rookeries. [45] Contemporary reports detailed severe overcrowding, with families living in single rooms without water or sanitation. Specific locations such as Whippington Court and the "Dark Entry" were highlighted during an 1864 fever epidemic for their filth and lack of ventilation. [46] The area moreover had a reputation for violence, with reports of "ruffians" from Poyntz Pool being hired to fight during elections. [43] By the 1880s, the density of the district had increased significantly with the construction of narrow alleyways of housing tucked behind the main streets, such as Pratten's Court and Swan Court. [31]

In 1884, the Bristol Mercury published a comprehensive investigation entitled The Homes of the Bristol Poor, which documented the social conditions around impoverished areas of the city. The report described the district as a network of rookeries, blind alleys, and dark entries, particularly noting the poor conditions present in Great Ann Street, Wade Street, and New Street. It documented the prevalence of tenements where individual rooms were rented to entire families; in one instance, a single house was found to be occupied by 23 people, while in another, a family of eight shared a single bed. [47] [48] In February 1893, a sanitary sub-committee reported that 246 families in St Jude's occupied single rooms, with another 136 families living in two rooms each; despite these findings, the authority decided that no immediate action was necessary. [49]

During the mid-19th century redevelopment in parts of the surrounding area, industrial waste was frequently used to level the terrain. When Victoria Road (now Wellington Road) was constructed in 1855 along the course of the River Frome, layers of clay pipe kiln waste from nearby factories were used to create a solid foundation for the new road surface. The area contained examples of mid-19th century Italianate brick-built terraced housing much like what is extant in Easton and St Paul's. The Bath and Wash-House Committee established facilities that were opened in August 1850 as a response to the cholera outbreaks in 1845 and 1849, and were situated adjacent to St Matthias Church. [50]

To address the area's social and spiritual needs, the ecclesiastical district of St Jude's was created. The foundation stone for the church, designed by Samuel Burleigh Gabriel in the 14th-century style, was laid in 1848 on the former waste ground of Poyntz Pool. [42] [51] It was consecrated in 1849, with the Bishop of Gloucester hoping it would bring order to a "den of thieves". [52] [43] At the time of its opening, the new ecclesiastical district, which included Gloucester Lane, Wade Street, and Poyntz Pool, had a population of approximately 5,000 people. [53] In 1848, a plot of land described opposite Lawford's Gate Prison was purchased for the construction of St Nicholas of Tolentino Church. Designed by Charles Hansom, the church was established to serve the large influx of Irish refugees fleeing the Great Famine who had settled in the low-cost housing of the area. [54] John Cozens, a local missionary at the Bristol City Mission on Great Ann Street, also served the area from 1889 to 1900. [55]

20th century

Pinnel Street, St Jude's: 1907, by Samuel Loxton Pinnel Street Bristol 1907.jpg
Pinnel Street, St Jude's: 1907, by Samuel Loxton

Before the large-scale clearances of the 1930s, St Jude's was the site of one of Bristol's earliest experiments in municipal housing. In 1901, the Bristol Corporation constructed a block of dwellings on Bragg's Lane, one of only four such sites developed in the city at the turn of the century to replace slum housing. [56]

In 1923, the Corporation initiated the Eugene Street Improvement Scheme to address unsanitary housing conditions in the district. The clearance was politically contentious, resulting in local property owners forming defence associations to resist compulsory purchase orders, arguing that the compensation offered, often a nominal £1 based on site value alone, was unjust for many of the homes within the clearance zones. [57] [58] To rehouse the displaced residents, the council constructed the Lawford's Gate Flats on the site of the demolished prison. Completed in early 1925, these three-storey blocks—named Wessex, Somerset, and Gloucester Houses—provided accommodation for 44 families and included amenities considered advanced for the time, such as a central playground and sheds for prams. [59] [60]

The mid-century tower blocks fronting Lamb Street Flats, Lamb Street, Bristol - geograph.org.uk - 5732973.jpg
The mid-century tower blocks fronting Lamb Street

Further clearance took place in the 1930s under the Great Ann Street scheme, displacing approximately 1,400 residents. [61] In 1938, the Bristol Corporation opened St Matthias House, a block of municipal flats named after the nearby church which was then facing closure and possible demolition. [62] Following World War II, more of the area was redeveloped with high-density housing. In 1959, tenants moved into the new multi-storey blocks of the St Jude's Estate (Haviland, Charleton, and John Cozens Houses). [63] The construction of the estate was executed in two primary phases, commencing in 1957 under the supervision of the city architects J. Nelson Meredith. Constructed by the firm Stone, the estate comprises four inter-connected residential blocks: Charleton House and Langton House (stage 1), followed by Haviland House and John Cozens House (stage 2). [64] While Langton House was built using in situ reinforced concrete to house single-storey flats, the other three blocks utilised a precast concrete cross-wall construction method to create two-storey maisonettes. [65] [66] A dedicated nursery was also built for the estate. [63] Following its completion, the St Jude's Estate was described by architectural critics as among the most successful post-war projects in Bristol. [67]

However, the safety of these dwellings was called into question following the Ronan Point disaster in London. In 1968 the Bristol Housing Committee removed gas supplies from 258 tenants in seven of the blocks in St Jude's and switching the estate to an electric supply to mitigate the risk of progressive collapse. [68] This would not be enough, as in November 1969, Bristol Corporation ordered the immediate evacuation of 135 families from the St Jude's blocks due to concerns that the pre-cast concrete joints could fail during high winds or a gas explosion. [69] Tenants were moved to temporary accommodation while structural strengthening was undertaken and electric cooking was installed. [70]  

Commercial redevelopment also occurred during this period, with the erection of Tollgate House, a 19-storey Y-shaped office block later occupied by the Department of the Environment. It was completed in 1974 on the site of a former vinegar works at a cost of £3.5 million and originally intended to house the corporate operations of Beaverbrook Newspapers. [71] [72]

21st century

In conjunction with the development of Cabot Circus from 2005 to 2008, some parts of St Jude's also saw redevelopment. The area to the south of the Cabot Circus car park at Wellington Road and River Street was redeveloped into a new public space known as Champion Square by landscape architects New Leaf Studio, forming a pedestrian area that joins St Matthias Park. [73] It was named for the Champions, a prominent Quaker family in the local area during the 18th century. [74]

The River Frome flowing through Riverside Park Riverside Park Bristol.jpg
The River Frome flowing through Riverside Park

In the 2020s, St Jude's became the focus of the Frome Gateway Regeneration Framework, a long-term plan to transform the area's light industrial zones into a mixed-use neighbourhood providing approximately 1,000 new homes. [75] The framework proposes the demolition of existing industrial units to create a mixed-use neighbourhood. Specific developments approved in 2025 include the transformation of the former Alide plant hire site and the Crown Sawmills (since Scaddings Timber Importers) into student accommodation and rental apartments. The regeneration plan also outlines the naturalisation of the River Frome within Riverside Park to improve flood resilience and public visibility. [76] [4]

By the 2023, the condition of the housing stock in the St Jude's Estate had deteriorated, with residents reporting damp, mould, and leaks. Following a campaign by ACORN, which included a march on the City Hall in September 2023, the council committed to an £18 million refurbishment programme. [77] [78] However, following the emergency evacuation of the similarly constructed Barton House in 2023, extensive structural surveys were commissioned for the St Jude's Estate, which again suggested the buildings were insufficiently constructed. By 2024, structural surveys by engineering firm Ridge identified that John Cozens, Haviland, and Charleton Houses lacked sufficient horizontal and vertical ties, making them vulnerable to collapse in the event of an internal explosion. [79] As of 2025, there were 539 registered residents living in 135 homes within these blocks. To mitigate risks, the council implemented a waking watch fire safety patrol in September 2024. [79] [80] The council subsequently cancelled an £18 million refurbishment scheme to prioritise essential fire safety upgrades and investigate potential options for the site. [81] Consequently, in May 2025, the council cancelled the full refurbishment programme to prioritise essential fire safety upgrades and prohibited the storage of gas canisters and high-capacity batteries within the blocks. [82] [83]

Demographics

St Jude's has historically served as a gateway for diverse immigrant communities. In the 1960s, the Rosemary Nursery School in Haviland House catered to Greek-Cypriot, Italian, German, and Jamaican families. [84] While drawing from the wider city, only a small portion of residents within the flats initially utilised the nursery. [85] By the early 21st century, a significant Somali community settled in the area, largely served by the Albaseera Mosque. [86] The church of St Nicholas of Tolentino reported in 2008 that its congregation represented over 50 different nationalities. [87] The district remains a transient residential area, with many families living in high-density, social-rented tenements. [88]

Built environment

The built environment of St Jude's is characterised by a mixture of inter- and post-war social housing, remnant industrial architecture, and a number of religious institutions serving a diverse range or religions and denominations.

Historic buildings

Several buildings from the area's industrial heyday have survived clearances and are recognised on the Bristol Local List:

Some historic public houses remain in the area, including the Crown Tavern on Lawford's Gate, which underwent refurbishment in 2024 and is noted for serving Bass ale from the barrel; [95] and the Swan with Two Necks on Little Ann Street, which is locally listed along with its outbuildings. [91] There are also two pubs that are Grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England : The Phoenix on Champion Square (formerly Wellington Road) [96] [97] and The Volunteer Tavern on New Street. [98] [99] Many other public houses were razed in the various waves of the area's redevelopment, including those at at Great George Street and Great Ann Street such as the Three Tuns and the Marquis of Granby. [50] 17 Wade Street, occupied by a butcher shop named J. D. Brittan, was locally listed but eventually demolished for redevelopment. [91] [100]

Religious buildings

St Jude's contains a number of active and former religious buildings representing various religions and denominations.

Churches

Mosques

  • Albaseera Bristol Centre, a mosque located on Wade Street. The building historically housed The Sportsman's Arms public house. [31] [105]

Former religious buildings

Some extant religious buildings have been repurposed for secular use:

  • Trinity Centre, formerly the Holy Trinity Church (built 1829–1832), now a community arts centre and music venue.
  • St Jude the Apostle Church, the original parish church for the district, built 1848–1849. It has been converted into private residences.

Social issues

Modern St Jude's is frequently described as being isolated from the city's more affluent areas, despite its proximity to the city centre, which was intensified by the development of Cabot Circus. [86] Issues of overcrowding and a lack of green play space have also been noted as challenges for families living in the high-rise blocks. [106] [107]

The Frome Gateway Regeneration Framework has faced criticism from some locals who fear it will lead to the dispersal of existing communities and the loss of essential services such as the Salvation Army's Logos House. [107]

Crime

St Jude's has a long-standing reputation for high crime rates, with postcodes on Wade Street identified in 2024 as being in the top 1% of the most dangerous in the country. [108] [109] In October 1995, the Avon and Somerset Police conducted dawn raids on 21 homes across the city, including flats in Ropewalk House, targeting suspected crack cocaine dealers. [110] Residents of Ropewalk House subsequently petitioned the council for electronic entry systems to prevent intruders and drug users from accessing the building's communal stairwells. [111]

In the 2020s, residents reported that the area's nightlife and music venues have exacerbated antisocial behaviour, with patrons urinating outside residential windows and consuming drugs in communal areas. [112] Crime data from 2017 showed that Wade Street was a major hotspot for antisocial behaviour and violent offences within the Trinity area. [113]

Transport

Stapleton Road is the principal thoroughfare through St Jude's. The area is served by a number of bus services operated by First West of England, linking it to the city centre and the wider Bristol area. [114] Rail access is provided by a number of nearby railway stations, as the area is only 1.35 kilometres (0.84 mi) north of Bristol Temple Meads station with an additional two local railway stations near to the area: Lawrence Hill station and Stapleton Road station.

St Jude's is located next to the M32 motorway, linking it to the M4 and M5 motorways. It is also bordered by the A4320 linking it to Bath. [4]

Location filming in St Jude's includes:

A Productions, at that time A for Animation, was set up on Little Ann Street in 1985 [120] . The studio is now split across two Bristol locations, one of which is at Old Market. Studio productions have included titles for Playbus and the Antique's Roadshow, all episodes of Tweenies, as well as Spitting Image, Sesame Street specials and promos for Madonna and Elton John [121] .

See also

Further reading

Notes

  1. ↑ It was also the site of alleged supernatural disturbances involving the children of the landlord, Richard Giles. The case was investigated by local chemist Henry Durbin, who recorded reports of the children suffering bites and scratches from an invisible entity in 1761 and 1762. [34] The events were later cited by the occultist Montague Summers as a potential instance of witchcraft or poltergeist activity. [35]

References

  1. ↑ "Long term flood risk (gov.uk)". check-long-term-flood-risk.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  2. 1 2 3 "Frome Gateway regeneration". Bristol City Council. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  3. ↑ Seabrook, Alex (6 June 2025). "City centre park to get major upgrades as part of huge regeneration project". Bristol Post . Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  4. 1 2 3 Frome Gateway Spatial Regeneration Framework (PDF) (Report). Bristol City Council. January 2024. Retrieved 27 November 2025.
  5. 1 2 "Election Maps". www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  6. 1 2 3 "Old Market Quarter Neighbourhood Development Plan". Bristol City Council. March 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  7. ↑ "Bristol Polling districts". hub.arcgis.com. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  8. ↑ "Census Maps - Census 2021 data interactive, ONS". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  9. ↑ Eastside Community Trust (31 March 2025). "Bristol Eastside Trust Annual Report 2025, page 3" (PDF). Eastside Community Trust. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  10. 1 2 "Anglican parish; St Jude, Bristol; 1844 - 1982". Bristol Archives online catalogue. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  11. 1 2 3 Cork, Tristan (16 March 2025). "The tiny area of Bristol where 2,000 homes are planned". Bristol Live. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Know Your Place". maps.bristol.gov.uk. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  13. ↑ "Records of the Anglican parish of Holy Trinity, St Philip". Bristol Archives online catalogue. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  14. ↑ "Records of the Anglican parish of St Simon the Apostle, Baptist Mills". Bristol Archives online catalogue. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  15. 1 2 "Anglican parish; St Matthias, Bristol; 1846 - 1940". Bristol Archives online catalogue. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  16. ↑ "Act for dividing the Parish of Saint Philip and Jacob in the City and County of Bristol, and for forming the Out-Parish of Saint Philip and Jacob into a distinct and separate Parish" (PDF). UK Legislation. 5 July 1865. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  17. ↑ "England Jurisdictions 1851". FamilySearch. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  18. ↑ "Anglican parish; Holy Trinity St Philip's, with St Gabriel and St Lawrence and St Jude (Easton Christian Family Centre); 1970s - 1990s". Bristol Archives online catalogue. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  19. 1 2 3 4 Burton, Edson (2015). Vice & Virtue: Discovering the story of Old Market, Bristol. Bristol: Bristol Books CIC (published 1 June 2015). ISBN   9781909446076.
  20. ↑ "Entrance to Tyndall House, St Judes, Bristol. Sept 21 Stock Photo - Alamy". www.alamy.com. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  21. ↑ Smith, Veronica (2001). Easton, Eastville and St Jude's (Images of England). The History Press. ISBN   978-0752422374.
  22. ↑ "Council plans to invest £1m in playgrounds". BBC News. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  23. ↑ Cork, Tristan (31 May 2024). "Two teenagers stabbed this week on same Bristol street". Bristol Live. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  24. ↑ Johnson, Nicole (16 June 2022). "Trinity Centre - Power to Change". www.powertochange.org.uk. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  25. ↑ "Welcoming Spaces winter opening hours 2025". Bristol City Council. 2025. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  26. ↑ Murray, Robin (15 April 2021). "Coffee and vinyl shop opens in south Bristol". Bristol Live. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  27. ↑ "List of Blue Plaques in Bristol". Bristol City Council. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  28. ↑ Hansen, Maddy (24 May 2023). "Plans for St Jude's street to be pedestrianised". Bristol24/7. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  29. ↑ Baby, Chopsy (10 January 2023). "The Lazarus Project Filming in St Jude's Bristol This Morning". Bristol News From Chopsy Bristol. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  30. ↑ Booth, Martin (1 July 2025). "New homes and shops could be built on land next to car park". Bristol24/7. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  31. 1 2 3 4 Corcos, Nick (2017). "Excavations in 2014 at Wade Street, Bristol - a documentary and archaeological analysis". Internet Archaeology (45). doi: 10.11141/ia.45.3 .
  32. 1 2 Corcos, Nick (August 2014). 13-15 West Street, Old Market, Bristol: Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (PDF) (Report). Avon Archaeology Limited.
  33. ↑ Taylor, John (1872). A book about Bristol, historical, ecclesiastical, and biographical, from original research: illustrated with twenty-four photographs. London and Bristol: Houlston and Sons; Thomas Kerslake & Co. p. 308 – via Archive.org.
  34. ↑ Durbin, Henry (1800). A narrative of some extraordinary things that happened to Mr. Richard Giles's children, at the Lamb, without Lawford's-Gate, Bristol: supposed to be the effect of witchcraft. Bristol: R. Edwards. pp. 11–13.
  35. ↑ Summers, Montague (1928). The Vampire: His Kith and Kin. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. pp. 4–5.
  36. ↑ Malpass, Peter (2019). The Making of Victorian Bristol. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 63–66. ISBN   9781783273911.
  37. ↑ Jones, Philip D. (Spring 1980). "The Bristol Bridge Riot and Its Antecedents: Eighteenth-Century Perception of the Crowd". Journal of British Studies . 19 (2). Cambridge University Press: 74–92. doi:10.1086/385756 – via Cambridge Core.
  38. 1 2 Insole, Pete (28 October 2021). "The Frome Gateway Story: Earlsmead and Pennywell". ArcGIS StoryMaps. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  39. ↑ Beckey, Ian; Price, Roger (2005). "A Group of 1850s Clay Tobacco-Pipe Kiln Wasters from Monk Street, Bristol" (PDF). Bristol and Avon Archaeology. 20. Bristol and Avon Archaeological Society: 115–120.
  40. ↑ "Bristol's Prisons Unlocked". Prison History. April 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  41. ↑ "Throw away the key: a history of Gloucestershire prisons & prisoners". Gloucestershire Archives. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  42. 1 2 "Laying the Foundation Stone of St. Jude's Church, Bristol". Felix Farley's Bristol Journal . 19 August 1848. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. 1 2 3 "Church Intelligence: Laying the Foundation Stone". Bristol Times and Bath Advocate . 19 August 1848. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ↑ "Butchers' Row". Western Daily Press . 15 October 1942. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. ↑ "Model Lodging Houses in Bristol - No. 2: The Bristol Rookeries". The Bristol Mirror . 18 February 1854. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
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