Timeline of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)

See also: History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)

War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
Part of the Global War on Terrorism, and the continuous Afghanistan conflict
Clockwise from top-left: British Royal Marines during a clearance in Helmand Province; U.S. soldiers in a firefight with Taliban forces in Kunar Province; An Afghan National Army soldier surveying atop a Humvee; Afghan and U.S. soldiers move through snow in Logar Province; Canadian forces fire an M777 howitzer in Helmand Province; An Afghan soldier surveying a valley in Parwan Province; British troops preparing to board a Chinook during Operation Tor Shezada. (For a map of the current military situation in Afghanistan, see here.)
Date 7 October 2001 – present (19 years, 10 months and 1 day) First phase: 7 October 2001 – 28 December 2014 Second phase: 1 January 2015 – present Location Afghanistan Result Ongoing Overthrow of the Taliban governed Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 17 December 2001 Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan 2004 Afghan presidential election Coalition failure to quell Taliban insurgency since 2006 [1] [2] [3] Doha Agreement (2020) Withdrawal of U.S forces from Afghanistan
Belligerents
Invasion (2001): Northern Alliance   United States   United Kingdom   Canada   Australia   Italy   New Zealand [4]   Germany [5]	Invasion (2001): Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan al-Qaeda 055 Brigade [6] [7] IMU [8] TNSM [9] ETIM [10]
ISAF/RS phase (from 2001):   Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ISAF (2001–2015)   United States   United Kingdom   Canada   Australia   Italy   Germany   Georgia   Jordan   Turkey   Bulgaria   Poland   Romania   Spain   Czech Republic   North Macedonia   Denmark   Armenia   Azerbaijan   Finland   France   Croatia   Hungary   Norway   Lithuania   Mongolia   UAE   Belgium   Portugal   Slovakia   Netherlands   Montenegro   Latvia   Sweden   Albania   Ukraine   Bosnia and Herzegovina   Greece   Ireland   Iceland   Estonia   Malaysia   Slovenia   Austria    Switzerland   Bahrain   El Salvador   Luxembourg   New Zealand   South Korea   Tonga   Singapore Resolute Support (from 2015) [11]	ISAF/RS phase (from 2001): Taliban Islamic Jihad Union [12] Haqqani network [13] (from 2002) al-Qaeda (al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS)) [14] Taliban splinter groups Fidai Mahaz (from 2013) Mullah Dadullah Front (from 2012) [15] IEHCA loyal to Muhammad Rasul (from 2015) [16] [17] Supported by: Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin (until 2016) Islamic Jihad Union [18] (from 2002) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (until 2015) Turkistan Islamic Party Lashkar-e-Jhangvi [19] Pakistani Taliban [20] Lashkar-e-Islam   Iran (allegedly) [21] [22]   Russia (allegedly) [23]   Pakistan (allegedly) [24] [25]   Saudi Arabia (allegedly) [26]   China (allegedly) [27]	RS phase (from 2015): ISIL–KP [28] IMU [29]
Commanders and leaders
Ashraf Ghani Joe Biden Elizabeth II Boris Johnson Scott Morrison Sergio Mattarella Mario Draghi Angela Merkel Austin S. Miller John F. Campbell Former Hamid Karzai Gerhard Schröder Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Giorgio Napolitano Silvio Berlusconi Romano Prodi Mario Monti Enrico Letta Matteo Renzi Paolo Gentiloni Giuseppe Conte Tony Blair Gordon Brown David Cameron Theresa May George W. Bush Barack Obama Donald Trump Jean Chrétien Paul Martin Stephen Harper John Howard Kevin Rudd Julia Gillard Tony Abbott Malcolm Turnbull List of former ISAF Commanders	Mohammed Omar # Akhtar Mansoor   † A. G. Baradar   (POW) [30] Hibatullah Akhundzada [13] Jalaluddin Haqqani # [31] Obaidullah Akhund   † [30] Dadullah Akhund   † [30] Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Osama bin Laden   † Ayman al-Zawahiri Asim Umar   † Muhammad Rasul   (POW) [17] Haji Najibullah [32]	Shahab al-Muhajir [33] Hafiz Saeed Khan   † Mawlavi Habib Ur Rahman [34] Abdul Haseeb Logari   † Abdul Rahman Ghaleb   † Abu Saad Erhabi  † Abdullah Orokzai   (POW) Qari Hekmat   † Mufti Nemat   Dawood Ahmad Sofi  † Mohamed Zahran  † Ishfaq Ahmed Sofi  †
Strength
Afghan National Security Forces: 352,000 [35] Resolute Support Mission: ~17,000 [36] Military Contractors: 20,000+ [37]	Taliban: 60,000 (tentative estimate) [38] Haqqani network: 4,000–15,000 [39] [40] [41] HIG: 1,500–2,000+ [42] al-Qaeda: ~300 [43] [44] [45] (~ 3,000 in 2001) [43] IEHCA: 3,000–3,500 [17] Fidai Mahaz: 8,000 [32]	ISIL–KP: 3,500–4,000 (2018, in Afghanistan) [46]
Casualties and losses
Afghan security forces: 65,596+ killed [47] [48] Northern Alliance: 200 killed [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] Coalition: Dead: 3,562 United States: 2,420 United Kingdom: 456 [54] Canada: 159 France: 89 Germany: 57 Italy: 53 Others: 321 Wounded: 22,773 United States: 19,950 [55] United Kingdom: 2,188 [56] Canada: 635 [57] Contractors Dead: 3,937 [58] [59] Wounded: 15,000+ [58] [59] Total killed: 73,295+	Taliban: 51,000+ killed (no official numbers, incomplete according to Brown, can be higher) [47] al-Qaeda: 2,000+ killed [43]	ISIL–KP: 2,400+ killed [28]
Civilians killed: 47,245 [47] Total killed: 212,191+ (per UCDP) [60]
a The continued list includes nations who have contributed fewer than 200 troops as of November 2014. [61] b The continued list includes nations who have contributed fewer than 200 troops as of May 2017. [62]

The following items form a partial timeline of the War in Afghanistan . For events prior to October 7, 2001, see 2001 in Afghanistan.

2001

Main article: 2001 in Afghanistan

• October 7: (9 p.m. local time): the United States, supported by Britain, begins its attack on Afghanistan, launching bombs and cruise missiles against Taliban military and communications facilities and suspected terrorist training camps. Kabul, Kandahar, and Herat were hit.
• October 9: A cruise missile kills four U.N. demining employees and injured four others in a building several miles east of Kabul.
• October 19: Airborne invasion into Afghanistan by Rangers of the Third Ranger Battalion, Seventy Fifth Ranger Regiment and others seizing a Qandahar airfield named Objective Rhino.
• October 26: Abdul Haq killed.
• November 6: Zari, Keshendeh and Aq-Kupruk fall to the Northern Alliance ^[63]
• November 8: Pakistan, being the only nation that still had diplomatic ties to the Taliban, asked Afghanistan's rulers to close their consulate in the city of Karachi.
• November 9: Battle of Mazari Sharif.
• November 10: The Taliban and Northern Alliance fighters both claimed that the strategic northern Afghan city of Mazari Sharif was taken by Northern Alliance fighters.
• November 11: Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton, and Volker Handloik are ambushed and killed.
• November 12: Taliban forces abandon Kabul ahead of advancing Northern Alliance troops.
  • 2001 uprising in Herat.
• November 14: Northern Alliance fighters took over Kabul, the Afghan capital, and then controlled virtually all the north of Afghanistan.
• November 16: Mohammed Atef, the military chief of al-Qaeda, killed in a US airstrike.
• November 19: Four foreign journalists - Harry Burton, Maria Grazia Cutuli, Azizullah Haidari, and Julio Fuentes – were ambushed and killed.
• November 25: Northern Alliance gained control of Kunduz, the last Taliban stronghold in Northern Afghanistan, but only after Pakistani aircraft rescue several thousand Taliban and Al-Qaeda fighters and their military advisers. ^{[64] [65]} The Taliban then controlled less than 25% of the country, mainly around Kandahar in the south.
  • U.S. Marines landed in force by helicopter at Camp Rhino south of Kandahar and began preparing it for fixed wing aircraft. They also occupied the main road between Kandahar and Pakistan.
  • Battle of Qala-i-Jangi. Forces loyal to bin Laden smuggled weapons into their prison near Mazar i Sharif after surrendering at Kunduz. They attacked the Northern Alliance guards and storm an armory. U.S. Special Forces call in air attacks. Hundreds of prisoners are killed as well as 40 Alliance fighters and one U.S. CIA operative, Johnny Michael Spann. Spann becomes the first U.S. and Coalition combat casualty. A young American named John Walker Lindh is found in the midst of the rebellion and extradited to the US on terrorism charges.
• December 6: Kandahar falls.
• December: The Battle of Tora Bora against Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters; Osama bin Laden reportedly escapes during this battle.
• December: The Dasht-i-Leili massacre, where hundreds of Taliban were allegedly suffocated to death while being transported in metal containers.
• December: The Bonn Agreement establishes the postwar system of government for Afghanistan, and establishes the International Security Assistance Force.
• December 21: The interim Afghan government is sworn in.

2002

Main article: 2002 in Afghanistan

• January 4: First US soldier dies due to hostile fire.
• January 24, the Hazar Qadam raid sees Americans accidentally attack an allied compound collecting weapons for their Karzai government
• February 14: Abdul Rahman, Afghan Aviation and Tourism Minister, killed by angry Hajj pilgrims.
• March 1: Operation Anaconda against al-Qaeda fighters launched.
• April 17: The 87-year-old exiled king of Afghanistan, Mohammed Zahir Shah, returns.
• April 18: Tarnak Farm incident leaves four Canadians dead from friendly fire.
• June 11: King Zahir Shah opens the first post-Taliban loya jirga. ^[66]
• July 1: In Uruzgan province, a US AC-130 gunship struck a wedding party, killing 48 civilians and injuring 117. The United States claimed their plane had come under attack from anti-aircraft fire before the strike.
• July 6: Vice President Abdul Qadir assassinated in Kabul.
• September 5: 2002 Kabul bombing kills 30 people.

2003

Main article: 2003 in Afghanistan

• August 11 – NATO officially takes command of peacekeeping in Afghanistan.
• December 14 – 2003 loya jirga convened to consider the proposed Afghan Constitution.

2004

Main article: 2004 in Afghanistan

• January 4 – Constitution approved by Loya Jirga.
• January 26 – Constitution signed by President Hamid Karzai.
• October 9 – 2004 Afghan presidential election. In the country's first direct election, Hamid Karzai wins the presidency with 55.4% of the vote.

2005

Main article: 2005 in Afghanistan

• June 28: Operation Red Wings results in the death of 19 Americans and many Taliban fighters.
• September 18: 2005 Afghan parliamentary election.

2006

Main articles: 2006 in Afghanistan and Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2006

• January 13: Damadola airstrike by US in Pakistan.
• February 1: The Afghanistan Compact is developed, establishing a framework of international cooperation with Afghanistan.
• March 29: Battle of Lashkagar. Taliban fighters attack a NATO base.
• May 15: Operation Mountain Thrust is launched, the largest offensive since the fall of the Taliban.
• July: Battle of Panjwaii between Canadian NATO forces and the Taliban.
• September 2: Canadians launch Operation Medusa.
• September 16: Operation Mountain Fury.

2007

Main articles: 2007 in Afghanistan and Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2007

• February 27: 2007 Bagram Air Base bombing during US Vice President Dick Cheney’s visit.
• March 4: Afghan civilians killed by U.S. troops in Shinwar.
• March 6: Operation Achilles against the Taliban in Helmand Province.
• May 12: Mullah Dadullah killed.
• May 13: Afghanistan–Pakistan Skirmishes.
• June 15: Battle of Chora begins.
• June 28: The Hyderabad airstrike kills a large number of civilians including women and children.
• July 19: 2007 South Korean hostage crisis in Afghanistan begins.
• August 16: Nangar Khel massacre - Eight civilians including a pregnant women and a baby died when Polish soldiers shelled the village of Nangar Khel. Seven soldiers have been charged with war crimes.
• November 6: 2007 Baghlan sugar factory bombing kills 75, including six Afghan MPs.
• December 7: Battle of Musa Qala, a major clash in Helmand Province.

2008

Main articles: 2008 in Afghanistan and Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2008

• January 14: The 2008 Kabul Serena Hotel attack leaves six people dead.
• February 17: 2008 Kandahar bombing kills 100 people, the deadliest suicide bombing of the war.
• June 10: Gora Prai airstrike in Pakistan kills 11 Pakistani paramilitary troops.
• June 13: Sarposa Prison attack. Taliban attack the Sarposa Prison, freeing up to 1,000 prisoners.
• July 6: Deh Bala wedding party bombing. 47 civilians mostly women and children killed in Nangarhar province.
• July 7: The 2008 Indian embassy bombing in Kabul kills 58, including four Indians. India blames Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence for the attack.
• July 13: Battle of Wanat. Taliban fighters attack a NATO base, killing nine American soldiers.
• August 19: The Taliban kill 10 French soldiers in the Uzbin valley ambush.
• August 22: Azizabad airstrike kills up to 90 Afghan civilians.
• August 27: Operation Eagle's Summit begins in Helmand Province.
• September: United States-Pakistan skirmishes.
• September 3: Angoor Ada raid by US special forces into Pakistan.
• November 3: Wech Baghtu wedding party attack kills 37 civilians, mostly women and children.
• December 19: US vows to send 3,000 more troops to Afghanistan.

2009

Main articles: 2009 in Afghanistan and Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2009

• February 11: February 2009 Kabul raids
• May 4: The Granai airstrike resulted in one of the highest civilian death tolls from Western military action since foreign forces invaded Afghanistan in 2001.
• July 2: Operation Khanjar begins
• September 4: NATO planes attacks two fuel tankers, which had been hijacked by Taliban insurgents. Up to 142 people died in the attack, including over 100 Afghan civilian victims. ^[67]
• December 1: U.S. President Barack Obama announces Afghanistan War troop surge of 2009.
• December 17: Operation Septentrion, assault by 1100 soldiers (mostly French) in the Uzbin Valley. ^{[68] [69] [70] [71]}
• December 29: 10 Afghan civilians mostly school children killed by special operation forces in the botched Narang night raid.

2010

Main article: 2010 in Afghanistan

• February 12: Five innocent civilians including two pregnant women and a teenage girl killed in the botched Khataba raid.
• February 21: Uruzgan helicopter attack kills 27-33 civilians including four women and a child in Uruzgan province.
• Spring: Operation Moshtarak Phase I is led by US Marines to retake Marjah, in Helmand Province, from the Taliban.
• Spring-Summer: U.S. Surge to Afghanistan sees its peak, as 20,000 soldiers are deployed to the south
• June 23: General Stanley A. McChrystal, commander of the ISAF, resigns after controversial comments critical of the Obama administration were published in a magazine.
• July 23: The Sangin airstrike kills a large number of Afghan civilians mostly women and children in Nangarhar province.
• July 25: WikiLeaks releases 90,000 leaked documents pertaining to the war in Afghanistan.
• September 18: Afghan Parliamentary Elections are held, widely criticized as fraudulent, although with notable instances of electoral institution impartiality.
• Fall: Operation Moshtarak Phases II and III are held in Kandahar, driving the Taliban out of traditional safe-havens
• Fall: Command of Regional Command South rotates from British to American command.

2011

Main article: 2011 in Afghanistan

• January 26: The Afghan National Assembly is inaugurated. ^[72]
• May 1: The number one Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden is killed by U.S. Navy SEALs in Abbottabad, Pakistan, just miles from Islamabad.
• May 23: 4 U.S. soldiers (2nd Battalion 27th Infantry Regiment) die and 1 wounded following an improvised explosive device attack in Kunar province.
• June 4–6: The Battle Of Gewi Ridge takes place where a platoon of U.S. soldiers air-assaulted the mountain ridge of Gewi (Kunar province) for over-watch of a major re-supply convoy. Following the insertion, an intensive firefight lasting 52 hours takes place, resulting in the deaths of 50+ Taliban insurgents.
• August 6: A CH-47 Chinook helicopter transporting 30 U.S. soldiers (including 17 Navy SEALs), 1 civilian interpreter and 7 Afghan troops is shot down in Wardak Province by RPG-wielding Taliban insurgents. There were no survivors of the crash. This incident marks the deadliest day for U.S. Forces in Afghanistan since the invasion in 2001.
• August 11: Vengeance is exacted on the 11 Taliban militants involved in downing the CH-47 Chinook, who are killed in an F-16 airstrike. Meanwhile, five ISAF service members die following an improvised explosive device attack in the southern provinces.
• December 9: Mohammed Ishmael, Ghaziabad district (Kunar province) police chief is killed in a suicide bombing of a mosque carried out by a 12-year-old Pakistani boy.

2012

Main article: 2012 in Afghanistan

2013

Main article: 2013 in Afghanistan

The army of the United States continues to conduct missions throughout Afghanistan, began closing forward operating bases (FOB).

See also

• 2006: Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2006
• 2007: Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2007
• 2008: Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2008

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