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Walnut Hills | |
|---|---|
 Walnut Hills Branch Library | |
 Walnut Hills (red) within Cincinnati, Ohio. | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Ohio |
| City | Cincinnati |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 6,344 |
Walnut Hills is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. [1] [2] One of the city's oldest hilltop neighborhoods, it is a large diverse area on the near east side of Cincinnati. The population was 6,344 in the 2020 census.
The neighborhood was named from the farm of an early settler, Reverend James Kemper, which he called Walnut Hill. [3] For generations, the Kemper family lived in the Kemper Log House. Walnut Hills was annexed to the City of Cincinnati in September, 1869. [4]
After the turn of the century, new migrants from Cincinnati's downtown basin moved to the area. Like South Avondale, Walnut Hills was home to many Jewish and Italian families. An area on the western side of McMillan St. was known as “Little Italy.” After construction of the Union Terminal, and other public housing projects demolished housing in the West End, many African Americans moved to the area in the 1930s. When modern suburbs were created after World War II, many of community's middle class white residents moved out of Walnut Hills. Similarly, middle class African Americans moved from the area after less affluent residents moved to the area. Almost 80% of Walnut Hills was populated by African Americans by 1970. [5]
Walnut Hills is home to multiple historic sites. The Harriet Beecher Stowe House was where Harriet Beecher Stowe's father, Lyman Beecher, lived. Harriet spent time there since it was the center of Beecher family life in Cincinnati. While Harriet's husband was out of town her first children, twin daughters, were born in the house. Although Harriet wrote her famous anti-slavery novel in Brunswick Maine, the factual material for the novel was gathered during her almost 20 years in Cincinnati. Her father was the president of Lane Seminary where Harriet first learned about the horrors of slavery by attending the famous Lane Debates. These were a series of presentations, held at the seminary in 1834, about the need to abolish slavery.' [6]
The Walnut Hills Library, Cincinnati's first Carnegie Library, and the Walnut Hills United Presbyterian Church's remaining tower at Taft and Gilbert were designed by architect Samuel Hannaford. [7]
The commercial district at Peebles' Corner, originally called Kemper's Corner, was once the busiest district outside Downtown Cincinnati, with six street cars lines intersecting at McMillan and Gilbert by the end of the 19th century. [8]
The original site of Walnut Hills High School is located in the neighborhood. [9]
Several historic districts in Walnut Hills have been listed on the National Register. These include the Gilbert-Sinton Historic District, Gilbert Row, and Peeble's Corner Historic District.
| Year | Pop. | ±% | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 16,136 | — | ||
| 1910 | 18,018 | +11.7% | ||
| 1920 | 21,125 | +17.2% | ||
| 1930 | 21,545 | +2.0% | ||
| 1940 | 22,824 | +5.9% | ||
| 1950 | 23,369 | +2.4% | ||
| 1960 | 20,658 | −11.6% | ||
| 1970 | 14,049 | −32.0% | ||
| 1980 | 9,907 | −29.5% | ||
| 1990 | 8,917 | −10.0% | ||
| 2000 | 7,790 | −12.6% | ||
| 2010 | 6,495 | −16.6% | ||
| 2020 | 6,344 | −2.3% | ||
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As of the census of 2020, there were 6,344 people living in the neighborhood. There were 4,223 housing units. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 32.8% White, 60.1% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.8% from some other race, and 4.7% from two or more races. 2.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. [10]
There were 3,777 households, out of which 32.6% were families. About 65.7% of all households were made up of individuals. [10]
12.7% of the neighborhood's population were under the age of 18, 71.8% were 18 to 64, and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. 48.5% of the population were male and 51.5% were female. [10]
According to the U.S. Census American Community Survey, for the period 2016-2020 the estimated median annual income for a household in the neighborhood was $30,259. About 30.5% of family households were living below the poverty line. About 27.8% of adults had a bachelor's degree or higher. [10]
Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe was an American author and abolitionist. She came from the religious Beecher family and wrote the popular novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852), which depicts the harsh conditions experienced by enslaved African Americans. The book reached an audience of millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and in Great Britain, energizing anti-slavery forces in the American North, while provoking widespread anger in the South. Stowe wrote 30 books, including novels, three travel memoirs, and collections of articles and letters. She was influential both for her writings as well as for her public stances and debates on social issues of the day.
Lyman Beecher was a Presbyterian minister, and the father of 13 children, many of whom became writers or ministers, including Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry Ward Beecher, Charles Beecher, Edward Beecher, Isabella Beecher Hooker, Catharine Beecher, and Thomas K. Beecher.
Lane Seminary, sometimes called Cincinnati Lane Seminary, and later renamed Lane Theological Seminary, was a Presbyterian theological college that operated from 1829 to 1932 in Walnut Hills, Ohio, today a neighborhood in Cincinnati. Its campus was bounded by today's Gilbert, Yale, Park, and Chapel Streets.
The Harriet Beecher Stowe House is a historic home in Cincinnati, Ohio which was once the residence of influential antislavery author Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin.
East Walnut Hills is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. Established in 1867 and annexed in 1873, it is located in the eastern side of the city. The population was 4,103 at the 2020 census.
The Stowe Center for Literary Activism is a history museum and National Historic Landmark at 73 Forest Street in Hartford, Connecticut that was once the home of Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. Stowe lived in this house for the last 23 years of her life. It was her family's second home in Hartford. The 5,000 sq ft cottage-style house is located adjacent to the Mark Twain House and is open to the public. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970, and declared a National Historic Landmark in 2013.
The Alexandra is a historic apartment building located on Gilbert Avenue in the Walnut Hills neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1904 as the neighborhood's first large apartment building, it was one of many such buildings constructed for the real estate management firm of Thomas J. Emery's Sons. It has been named a historic site.
Washington is a neighborhood of the city of Maysville located near the Ohio River in Mason County in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is one of the earliest settlements in Kentucky and also one of the earliest American settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains. It played a significant role in the lead-up to the Civil War, producing two civil war generals and an escaped slave whose legal case established Canada as a safe haven for escaping slaves. It also provided the site where Harriet Beecher Stowe witnessed a slave auction. It has since been annexed by Maysville, and is sometimes now referred to as Old Washington. The community is in Area 606 served by the 759 exchange.
Calvin Ellis Stowe was an American Biblical scholar who helped spread public education in the United States. Over his career, he was a professor of languages and Biblical and sacred literature at Andover Theological Seminary, Dartmouth College, Lane Theological Seminary, and Bowdoin College. He was the husband and literary agent of Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the best-seller Uncle Tom's Cabin.
The Cincinnati riots of 1836 were caused by racial tensions at a time when African Americans, some of whom had escaped from slavery in the Southern United States, were competing with whites for jobs. The racial riots occurred in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States in April and July 1836 by a mob of whites against black residents. These were part of a pattern of violence at that time. A severe riot had occurred in 1829, led by ethnic Irish, and another riot against blacks broke out in 1841. After the Cincinnati riots of 1829, in which many African Americans lost their homes and property, a growing number of whites, such as the "Lane rebels" who withdrew from the Cincinnati Lane Seminary en masse in 1834 over the issue of abolition, became sympathetic to their plight. The anti-abolitionist rioters of 1836, worried about their jobs if they had to compete with more blacks, attacked both the blacks and white supporters.
The Cincinnati riots of 1841 occurred after a long drought had created widespread unemployment in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Over a period of several days in September 1841, unemployed whites attacked black residents who defended themselves. Many blacks were rounded up and held behind a cordon and then moved to the jail. According to the authorities, this was for their own protection.
Donald Andrew Spencer Sr. was one of the first African American realtors in Cincinnati, the first African American broker to join the Cincinnati Board of Realtors, the first African American broker to serve as President of the Cincinnati Board of Realtors, and the first African American trustee at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. He was appointed trustee of Ohio University by former Ohio Governor John J. Gilligan. He was the first African American to chair the Ohio University board of trustees in 1979 and served on the Ohio University board from 1974 to 1983. He was also the charter member of the Beta Eta chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi, a predominantly African American fraternity, at the University of Cincinnati. He chartered the chapter in 1939.
Peebles' Corner Historic District is a registered historic district surrounding the intersection of East McMillan Street and Gilbert Avenue in the neighborhood of Walnut Hills in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on November 14, 1985.
Lewis and Harriet Hayden House was the home of African-American abolitionists who had escaped from slavery in Kentucky; it is located in Beacon Hill, Boston. They maintained the home as a stop on the Underground Railroad, and the Haydens were visited by Harriet Beecher Stowe as research for her book, Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852). Lewis Hayden was an important leader in the African-American community of Boston; in addition, he lectured as an abolitionist and was a member of the Boston Vigilance Committee, which resisted the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
Raymond S. Lane, Jr. is a sculptor known for creating a series of hand-built clay sculptures about Black Lives such as Harriet Tubman. The sculptures were first displayed at an exhibit in the Public Library of Hamilton County titled, "Harriet Tubman's Experience in the Underground Railroad." These sculptures are now permanently loaned at the Harriet Beecher Stowe House in Cincinnati, Ohio, where they are displayed to the public.
Jennie Davis Porter was an American educator. She was the first African-American to receive a PhD from the University of Cincinnati and became the first black female principal of a public school in Cincinnati. In 1989, she was posthumously inducted into the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame.
James Bradley was an African slave in the United States who purchased his freedom and became an anti-slavery activist in Ohio.
The Wein Bar, located in Cincinnati, Ohio was established in 1934 as a Black and Tan club and is one of the longest known operating establishments that catered to the Black community, its musicians, and in active support of their civil rights. The bar was closed in 1980 after more than 45 years of operation.
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