1956 in science

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The year 1956 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Contents

Biology

Chemistry

Climatology

Computer science

Mathematics

Medicine

Physics

Psychology

Technology

Awards

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick Reines</span> American physicist (1918–1998)

Frederick Reines was an American physicist. He was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics for his co-detection of the neutrino with Clyde Cowan in the neutrino experiment. He may be the only scientist in history "so intimately associated with the discovery of an elementary particle and the subsequent thorough investigation of its fundamental properties."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obesity hypoventilation syndrome</span> Condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly or deeply enough

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly or deeply enough, resulting in low oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. The syndrome is often associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which causes periods of absent or reduced breathing in sleep, resulting in many partial awakenings during the night and sleepiness during the day. The disease puts strain on the heart, which may lead to heart failure and leg swelling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saunders Mac Lane</span> American mathematician (1909–2005)

Saunders Mac Lane, born Leslie Saunders MacLane, was an American mathematician who co-founded category theory with Samuel Eilenberg.

The year 1940 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Eilenberg</span> Polish-American mathematician (1913–1998)

Samuel Eilenberg was a Polish-American mathematician who co-founded category theory and homological algebra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henri Cartan</span> French mathematician (1904–2008)

Henri Paul Cartan was a French mathematician who made substantial contributions to algebraic topology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clyde Cowan</span> American physicist (1919 – 1974)

Clyde Lorrain Cowan Jr was an American physicist and the co-discoverer of the neutrino along with Frederick Reines. The discovery was made in 1956 in the neutrino experiment. Reines received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995 in both their names.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Kendrew</span> English biochemist and crystallographer

Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, was an English biochemist, crystallographer, and science administrator. Kendrew shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Max Perutz, for their work at the Cavendish Laboratory to investigate the structure of haem-containing proteins.

The year 1942 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1945 in science</span> Overview of the events of 1945 in science

The year 1945 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1990 in science and technology involved some significant events.

The year 1964 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1955 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.

The year 1949 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1943 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1941 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Joseph Bernard Kruskal, Jr. was an American mathematician, statistician, computer scientist and psychometrician.

The year 1931 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tomas Lindahl</span> Swedish-British scientist

Tomas Robert Lindahl FRS FMedSci is a Swedish-British scientist specialising in cancer research. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly with American chemist Paul L. Modrich and Turkish chemist Aziz Sancar for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.

References

  1. Harman, Denham (1956). "Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry". Journal of Gerontology . 11 (3): 298–300. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.663.3809 . doi:10.1093/geronj/11.3.298. PMID   13332224.
  2. Whitten, W. K. (14 January 1956). "Culture of Tubal Mouse Ova". Nature . 177 (4498): 96. Bibcode:1956Natur.177...96W. doi: 10.1038/177096a0 . PMID   13288608.
  3. Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot; Kamper, Jennifer; Mackay, Maureen; Pickworth, Jenny; Trueblood, Kenneth N; White, John G. (1956). "Structure of vitamin B12". Nature. 178 (4524): 64–66. Bibcode:1956Natur.178...64H. doi:10.1038/178064a0. PMID   13348621. S2CID   4210164.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Plass, Gilbert N. (1956). "The Carbon Dioxide Theory of Climate Change". Tellus. 8 (2): 140–54. Bibcode:1956TellA...8..140P. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1956.tb01206.x.
  5. "The TX-0: Its Past and Present" (PDF). The Computer Museum Report. 8. The Computer Museum, Boston: 2–11. Spring 1984. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
  6. Kruskal, Joseph B. (1956). "On the shortest spanning subtree of a graph and the traveling salesman problem". Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society . 7 (1): 48–50. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9939-1956-0078686-7 . JSTOR   2033241.
  7. Mac Lane, Saunders (1956). "Review: Homological algebra, by Henri Cartan and Samuel Eilenberg". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society . 62 (6): 615–624. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9904-1956-10082-7 .
  8. Serre, Jean-Pierre (1956). "Géométrie algébrique et géométrie analytique". Annales de l'Institut Fourier . 6: 1–42. doi: 10.5802/aif.59 . MR   0082175.
  9. Burwell, C. Sidney; Robin, Eugene D.; Whaley, Robert D.; Bicklemann, Albert G. (1956). "Extreme obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation a Pickwickian syndrome". The American Journal of Medicine . 21 (5): 811–8. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(56)90094-8. PMID   13362309. Reproduced as Burwell, C. S.; Robin, E. D.; Whaley, R. D.; Bicklemann, A. G. (1994). "Extreme obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation; a Pickwickian syndrome". Obesity Research. 2 (4): 390–7. doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1994.tb00084.x. PMID   16353591.
  10. Walshe, John M. (January 1956). "Wilson's disease; new oral therapy". The Lancet . 270 (6906): 25–6. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(56)91859-1. PMID   13279157.
  11. US Patent #3097366 of 1963. "Inventor of the Week Archive". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. September 2005. Archived from the original on 2006-01-27. Retrieved 2022-11-19.
  12. Cooper, Leon N. (1956). "Bound electron pairs in a degenerate Fermi gas". Physical Review . 104 (4): 1189–1190. Bibcode:1956PhRv..104.1189C. doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.104.1189 .
  13. "New Atomic Reactor Opens". Birmingham Daily Post. 1956-11-22. p. 24.
  14. "The Reines-Cowan Experiments: Detecting the Poltergeist" (PDF). Los Alamos Science . 25: 3. 1997.
  15. Bensinger, Charles (1981). "All About Videotape". VideoPreservation Website. Retrieved 2012-04-14.
  16. "Some Quad History". Quad Videotape Group. Retrieved 2012-04-14.
  17. "New kind of alarm clock". telechron.net. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
  18. "Calder Hall Power Station". The Engineer . 5 October 1956.
  19. "Sellafield Sites, Site history". Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
  20. Wilson, Stewart (2000). Combat Aircraft since 1945. Fyshwick, ACT, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd. p. 38. ISBN   978-1-875671-50-2.
  21. Epand, Len (April 1976). "A Phantom Orchestra at Your Fingertips" (PDF). Crawdaddy! : A27–A28. Retrieved 2011-12-16.
  22. "These Nobel Prize Winners Weren't Always Noble". National Geographic News. 6 October 2015. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2021.