1983 Atlantic hurricane season

Last updated

1983 Atlantic hurricane season
1983 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedJuly 23, 1983
Last system dissipatedSeptember 30, 1983
Strongest storm
Name Alicia
 • Maximum winds115 mph (185 km/h)
(1-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure962 mbar (hPa; 28.41 inHg)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions7
Total storms4 (Record low in the satellite era)
Hurricanes3
Major hurricanes
(Cat. 3+)		1
Total fatalities21 total
Total damage$3 billion (1983 USD)
Related articles
Atlantic hurricane seasons
1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985

The 1983 Atlantic hurricane season was the least active Atlantic hurricane season since 1930. The season officially began on June 1, 1983, and lasted until November 30, 1983. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most storms form in the Atlantic basin. The season had very little activity, with only seven tropical depressions, four of which reached tropical storm strength or higher. This led to the lowest accumulated cyclone energy count since 1977.

Contents

The season began later than normal; the first tropical depression formed on July 23 and the second on July 27. Neither tropical depressions strengthened and they dissipated soon thereafter. Hurricane Alicia formed as Tropical Depression Three on August 15, quickly intensified into a hurricane on August 16 and made landfall in Texas on August 18. Alicia caused $3 billion in damage in Texas. Hurricane Barry formed on August 25, crossed Florida and strengthened into a hurricane. Barry made landfall near the Mexico–United States border, and dissipated over land on August 30.

Hurricane Chantal, the third and final hurricane in 1983, formed on September 10. It strengthened into a hurricane, but stayed out at sea, and was absorbed by a frontal system on September 15. Tropical Depression Six formed on September 18 and caused heavy rains in the Caribbean before degenerating into a wave on September 20. Tropical Storm Dean was the final storm of the season, forming on September 26. It originally tracked to the north, peaking at 65 mph (105 km/h) winds, and made landfall in the Delmarva Peninsula on September 29. It dissipated over the coast of Virginia on the following day.

Seasonal forecasts

Predictions of tropical activity in the 1983 season
SourceDateNamed
storms		HurricanesMajor
hurricanes		Ref
Average (1981–2010)12.16.42.7 [1]
Record high activity 30 15 7† [2]
Record low activity 1 0† 0† [2]
CSU July 23, 198385N/A [3]
Actual activity
431
† Most recent of several such occurrences. (See all)

Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University (CSU). [3] A normal season, as defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the period from 1981 to 2010, has approximately 12 named storms, with 6 of those reaching hurricane status. About 3 hurricane strengthen into major hurricanes, which are tropical cyclones that reach at least Category 3 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson scale. [1]

The July 23, 1983, forecasters at CSU predicted that after the slow start to the season, a total of eight tropical storms would develop, and five of the storms would reach hurricane status. The forecast did not specify how many of the hurricanes would reach major hurricane status. CSU based this prediction on an ongoing El Niño event, sea-level pressures, and wind currents. [3] However, the prediction issued by CSU proved to be too high, with only four named storms forming by the end of the season and three of those reaching hurricane status. [4] The CSU attributed the overforecast to the El Niño event being stronger and more persistent than they expected. [5]

Seasonal summary

Tropical Storm Dean (1983)Hurricane Barry (1983)Hurricane AliciaSaffir-Simpson scale1983 Atlantic hurricane season

The season, which began on June 1 and ended on November 30, [6] was very inactive because of strong upper-level wind shear. The wind shear was unusually strong throughout the Caribbean and open Atlantic, and disrupted convection in areas of disturbed weather so they could not develop. Over 60 African systems had formed and made it westward, but when they reached the Lesser Antilles, they were dissolved easily. The only area where the shear was minimal—a region encompassing the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic north of the Bahamas and east of Florida—was where the four named storms developed. Another contributing factor to the low number of storms may have been the decaying 1982–83 El Niño event. The season total of four named storms was the fewest in the satellite era, while the 1983 season was the least active since 1930, which had only three storms. This season and the previous became the first example of two consecutive years to have no storms form in the Caribbean since reliable record began. Additionally, the 1983 season was the first on record in which a system did not reach tropical storm intensity south of 25°N latitude. [4]

The National Hurricane Center also issued numeric landfall probabilities for the first time in 1983. Probabilities had been calculated for prior storms for use in the issuing of hurricane watches and warnings, but this was the first time the raw numeric probabilities were released to the public. [4] The probabilities issued were accurate during Alicia, indicating that Galveston and surrounding portions of the upper Texas coast were the most likely area to be struck. [7]

Tropical cyclogenesis began on July 23, when Tropical Depression One formed over the deep Atlantic. After crossing the Windward Islands, the depression dissipated over the eastern Caribbean on July 28. As the previous system moved across the Caribbean, another depression formed on July 27 to the southwest of the Cape Verde Islands. The depression traversed the Atlantic in a west-northwestward direction and also failed to reach tropical storm intensity before dissipating near the northern Leeward Islands on August 2. Later in August, hurricanes Alicia and Barry developed. The former also became the most intense tropical cyclone of the season, peaking as a Category 3 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h). [8] Alicia caused 21 fatalities and approximately $3 billion in damage, mostly in Texas. [9] [10] Three tropical cyclones formed in September – Hurricane Chantal, Tropical Depression Six, and Tropical Storm Dean. The dissipation of Dean on September 30 marked the end of tropical cyclone activity. [8]

The season's activity was reflected with a very low cumulative accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 17, one of the lowest on record, [11] which is classified as "below normal". [12] ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. It is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. [11]

Systems

Tropical Depression One

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Tropical Depression 1 (1983).jpg   01L 1983 track.png
DurationJuly 23 – July 28
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min);

Tropical Depression One developed about halfway between French Guiana and the Cape Verde Islands on July 23. [8] The National Hurricane Center indicated the possibility of the depression strengthening into a tropical storm in media reports, but upper-level wind shear inhibited any development. [4] [13] The depression dissipated over the eastern Caribbean late on July 28. [8]

Tropical Depression Two

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
TD 2 30 jul 1983 1501Z.JPG   02L 1983 track.png
DurationJuly 27 – August 2
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min);

An area of disturbed weather organized into a tropical depression southwest of the Cape Verde Islands on July 27. [8] [14] The depression moved generally west-northwestward across the deep Atlantic for several days, [8] but failed to strengthened significantly due to strong upper-level wind shear. [15] The depression dissipated near the northern Leeward Islands on August 2. [8]

Hurricane Alicia

Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
Alicia 1983-08-17 2330Z.png   Alicia 1983 track.png
DurationAugust 15 – August 20
Peak intensity115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min);
962  mbar  (hPa)

The system that would become Hurricane Alicia originated from the western end of a frontal trough that stretched from New England to the Gulf of Mexico. [9] Satellite pictures showed a meso-scale low-pressure area that had moved off the Alabama and Mississippi coasts near the trough and was possibly the precursor system to Alicia. Pressures in the Gulf of Mexico were high and stayed high during the early development stages. On August 15, a ship recorded a minimal pressure of 1015  millibars (29.99  inHg), when the system was upgraded into Tropical Storm Alicia. With high environmental pressures around it, Alicia remained a small system. [9]

Steering currents above Alicia remained weak during the storm's lifetime. [9] However, a ridge was well formed to the north of the developing storms. With fluctuations in the pressures, Alicia began to drift to west on August 16. This was short-lived, as Alicia turned to the northwest towards Texas. During the period of August 16 to August 18, an anticyclone had formed over Alicia and along with slow movement over warm waters, caused Alicia to intensify rapidly. The pressure in Alicia decreased one millibar an hour in the 40 hours before landfall. Alicia peaked at 115 mph (185 km/h) in winds and 962 millibars (28.4 inHg) in pressure on August 18. Alicia made landfall near Galveston on August 18 as a Category 3 hurricane. Alicia weakened quickly over land and accelerated over the Midwest, before dissipating over Nebraska on August 21. [9]

As Alicia moved northward, the remnants caused moderate to heavy rainfall in several states. [16] Houston suffered heavy damage, including thousands of shattered glass panes from downtown skyscrapers. Overall, Alicia killed 21 people and caused $3 billion (1983 USD) in damage. [16] [17] [10]

Hurricane Barry

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Barry 1983-08-28 1800Z.png   Barry 1983 track.png
DurationAugust 23 – August 29
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min);
986  mbar  (hPa)

Hurricane Barry originated from a tropical disturbance that left the Northwestern African coast on August 13. [18] Most of the season, the northwestern tropical Atlantic Ocean had upper-level wind shear, which had inhibited development of systems. Due to these conditions, the disturbance was unable to strengthen until August 22 as it was approaching the Bahamas. A weak trough moved the disturbance into an area of low wind shear, and the disturbance intensified into Tropical Depression Four on the evening of August 23. The depression was just to the northeast of the northern Bahamian Islands where it strengthened into Tropical Storm Barry on the morning of August 24. [18]

Tropical Storm Barry subsequently turned to the west into an area of increased wind shear and weakened rapidly. [18] It was able to make landfall near Melbourne, Florida, on the morning of August 25 as a 45 mph tropical storm, before weakening to a tropical depression over Florida. After Tropical Depression Barry emerged from central Florida, it was still under pressure from high-level winds. The depression entered the central Gulf of Mexico, and after meandering west for a day or so, returned to tropical storm strength. Just off the coast of Mexico, Barry rapidly intensified into a hurricane on August 28, just before making landfall near Matamoros that afternoon. Before landfall, Barry peaked with 80 mph (130 km/h) winds and a pressure of 986  millibars (29.11  inHg). The remnants quickly dissipated over the Sierra Madre Oriental on August 29. [18]

Hurricane Chantal

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
Chantal 1983-09-11 2000Z.png   Chantal 1983 track.png
DurationSeptember 10 – September 15
Peak intensity75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min);
994  mbar  (hPa)

The precursor low to Chantal originated from a large envelope of low pressure on the morning of September 10. [19] The disturbed weather, nested off the coast of Bermuda, was one of the remnants of an old frontal trough that had extended from Hispaniola to the central north Atlantic Ocean. This particular area of disturbed weather become part of the northeast portion of a low-pressure system. On September 10, a reconnaissance aircraft found sustained winds of 30 mph (50 km/h) and a 1010  millibar (29.83  inHg) pressure reading, indicating development into a tropical depression. [19]

The depression moved to within 100 miles (160 kilometers) of Bermuda and slowly intensified. [19] Late that afternoon, Tropical Depression Five had intensified into a 40 mph (65 km/h) storm and was named Chantal. Chantal intensified rapidly, intensifying to hurricane status late on September 11. It then turned to the east and gained a weak upper-level cirrus-cloud outflow. The structure of the system changed little over the next 24 hours, before Chantal lost organization and was downgraded to a tropical storm on the night of the 12th. [19]

Overnight, all convection in Chantal dissipated, and its forward speed decreased as it headed north. [19] A frontal system attracted and absorbed the remnants of Chantal by the night of September 14. Effects on Bermuda were minimal, with the island getting winds only up to 20 mph (30 km/h) and a few thundershowers. [19] However, Chantal generated swells of 30–40 ft (9.1–12.2 m) offshore. [20]

Tropical Depression Six

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
TD6 20 sept 1983 0600Z.JPG   06L 1983 track.png
DurationSeptember 18 – September 20
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min);

Tropical Depression Six formed on September 18 from a tropical wave. [8] [21] The depression caused heavy rainfall in the Lesser Antilles, [21] before degenerating into an open tropical wave on September 20 near the Dominican Republic. [8] [22]

Tropical Storm Dean

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Dean 1983-09-29 1401Z.png   Dean 1983 track.png
DurationSeptember 26 – September 30
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min);
999  mbar  (hPa)

A frontal cloud band moved off the East Coast of the United States on September 22. [23] During the next few days, the band became stationary from the Bahamas to beyond Bermuda. A high-pressure area then settled over the northeastern United States, resulting in a strong pressure gradient and winds near gale-force along the east coast. [23] A low-level circulation formed from the frontal cloud band on September 26 about 460 mi (740 km) east of central Florida. [23] Dean was first identified late on September 26 as a subtropical storm, though an Air Force reconnaissance flight on the following day only reported winds of 35 mph (55 km/h) at 23 mi (37 km) from the center. A pressure of 999 mbar (29.5 inHg) indicated that Dean was strengthening as it headed northward. Additionally, satellite pictures showed that the subtropical cyclone was emerging from the cloud. Consequently, the system became a tropical storm late on September 27. [23] Dean's winds peaked at 65 mph (105 km/h) on September 28 as it headed northward. [23] Dean's circulation turned to the northwest on September 29 then struck the Delmarva Peninsula and dissipated over land on September 30. [23]

Gale warnings were from North Carolina to Rhode Island in association with Dean. [24] Rainfall produced by the storm spread from the North Carolina – Virginia state line all the way to New England. Virginia reported rains of 1 in (25 mm) with 3 in (76 mm) at the border. [25] Rains peaked at 4.62 in (117 mm) at Cockaponset Ranger Station in Connecticut. [25] Damage was limited to minor beach erosion and flooding along the portion of Mid-Atlantic coast states. [23]

Storm names

The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 1983. [26] [27] Each name used this season was utilized for the first time.

  • Alicia
  • Barry
  • Chantal
  • Dean
  • Erin (unused)
  • Felix (unused)
  • Gabrielle (unused)
  • Hugo (unused)
  • Iris (unused)
  • Jerry (unused)
  • Karen (unused)
  • Luis (unused)
  • Marilyn (unused)
  • Noel (unused)
  • Opal (unused)
  • Pablo (unused)
  • Roxanne (unused)
  • Sebastien (unused)
  • Tanya (unused)
  • Van (unused)
  • Wendy (unused)

Retirement

In the spring of 1984, the World Meteorological Organization retired the name Alicia from the rotating name lists due to the amount of damage and deaths it caused, and it will not be used again for another Atlantic hurricane. [28] Alicia was replaced with Allison for the 1989 season. [29]

Season effects

This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1983 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1983 USD.

Saffir–Simpson scale
TDTSC1C2C3C4C5
NameDatesPeak intensityAreas affectedDamage
(USD)		DeathsRefs
Category Wind speedPressure
OneJuly 23–28Tropical depression35 mph (55 km/h)Not specifiedNoneNoneNone
TwoJuly 27 – August 2Tropical depression35 mph (55 km/h)Not specifiedNoneNoneNone
Alicia August 15–20Category 3 hurricane115 mph (185 km/h)962 hPa (28.41 inHg) Eastern Texas, Central United States $3 billion21 [17] [30] [10]
Barry August 23–29Category 1 hurricane80 mph (130 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Florida, United States Gulf Coast, Mexico MinorNone
ChantalSeptember 10–15Category 1 hurricane75 mph (120 km/h)994 hPa (29.35 inHg)BermudaNoneNone
SixSeptember 19–21Tropical depression35 mph (55 km/h)Not specifiedNoneNoneNone
Dean September 26–30Tropical storm65 mph (105 km/h)999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Mid-Atlantic, New England, North Carolina, Virginia MinorNone
Season aggregates
7 systemsJuly 23 – September 30115 mph (185 km/h)962 hPa (28.41 inHg)$3 billion21

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1995 Atlantic hurricane season was a very active Atlantic hurricane season, and is considered to be the start of an ongoing era of high-activity tropical cyclone formation. The season produced twenty-one tropical cyclones, nineteen named storms, as well as eleven hurricanes and five major hurricanes. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The first tropical cyclone, Hurricane Allison, developed on June 2, while the season's final storm, Hurricane Tanya, transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on November 1. The very active Atlantic hurricane activity in 1995 was caused by La Niña conditions, which also influenced an inactive Pacific hurricane season. It was tied with 1887 Atlantic hurricane season with 19 named storms, which was later equalled by the 2010, 2011, and 2012 seasons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2002 Atlantic hurricane season was a near-average Atlantic hurricane season. It officially started on June 1, 2002, and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally limit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic Ocean. The season produced fourteen tropical cyclones, of which twelve developed into named storms; four became hurricanes, and two attained major hurricane status. While the season's first cyclone did not develop until July 14, activity quickly picked up: eight storms developed in the month of September. It ended early however, with no tropical storms forming after October 6—a rare occurrence caused partly by El Niño conditions. The most intense hurricane of the season was Hurricane Isidore with a minimum central pressure of 934 mbar, although Hurricane Lili attained higher winds and peaked at Category 4 whereas Isidore only reached Category 3. However, Lili had a minimum central pressure of 938 mbar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2001 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2001 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active Atlantic hurricane season that produced 17 tropical cyclones, 15 named storms, nine hurricanes, and four major hurricanes. The season officially lasted from June 1, 2001, to November 30, 2001, dates which by convention limit the period of each year when tropical cyclones tend to form in the Atlantic Ocean basin. The season began with Tropical Storm Allison on June 4, and ended with Hurricane Olga, which dissipated on December 6.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1973 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1973 Atlantic hurricane season was a below average tropical cyclone season overall. Of the 24 tropical or subtropical cyclones which developed, only 8 became named storms, and of those, only 4 became hurricanes, with 1 reaching major hurricane status on the newly implemented Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. This continued the pattern of storm activity from the previous season, as hostile El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions again hindered tropical cyclogenesis and intensification in the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1975 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1975 Atlantic hurricane season was a near average hurricane season with nine named storms forming, of which six became hurricanes. Three of those six became major hurricanes, which are Category 3 or higher systems on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The season officially began on June 1 and lasted until November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1977 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1977 Atlantic hurricane season was a very inactive Atlantic hurricane season, with only six named storms. The season officially began on Wednesday, June 1, 1977 and lasted until Wednesday, November 30, 1977. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in the Atlantic basin. The first tropical cyclone of the season developed over the western Caribbean Sea on June 13, 12 days after the start of the season. Three more organized during July and early August. Then, on August 29, the first named storm, Hurricane Anita formed and rapidly intensified to a Category 5 hurricane on September 1, before weakening slightly and striking Mexico as a high-end Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, bringing strong winds and heavy rainfall, causing 11 fatalities, and leaving at least 25,000 people homeless. Damage from Anita exceeded $956 million USD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1982 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1982 Atlantic hurricane season was an extremely inactive Atlantic hurricane season with five named tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Two storms became hurricanes, one of which reached major hurricane status. The season officially began on June 1, 1982, and lasted until November 30, 1982. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. Activity started early with Hurricane Alberto forming on the first day of the season. Alberto threatened the Southwestern Florida coast as a tropical storm, meadering offshore in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico and causing 23 fatalities in Cuba. The next system, a subtropical storm, formed later in June and affected the same area as Alberto, causing $10 million in damage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1989 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 1989 Atlantic hurricane season was an average hurricane season with 11 named storms. The season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. The first tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One, developed on June 15, and dissipated two days later without any effects on land. Later that month, Tropical Storm Allison caused severe flooding, especially in Texas and Louisiana. Tropical Storm Barry, Tropical Depressions Six, Nine, and Thirteen, and Hurricanes Erin and Felix caused negligible impact. Hurricane Gabrielle and Tropical Storm Iris caused light effects on land, with the former resulting in nine fatalities from rip currents offshore the East Coast of the United States and Atlantic Canada, while the latter produced minor flooding in the United States Virgin Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2002 Pacific hurricane season was a near–average season which produced fifteen named storms. Eight hurricanes formed, including a record-equaling three Category 5 hurricanes, a record it shares with the 1994 and 2018 seasons. It was also a near-average season in terms of accumulated cyclone energy (ACE), having an ACE of 125. The season officially began on May 15, 2002 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June 1, 2002 in the Central Pacific; both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclone formation occurs in these regions of the Pacific. The first system of the 2002 season, Hurricane Alma, formed on May 24, and the last, Tropical Depression Sixteen-E, dissipated on November 16.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2000 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2000 Pacific hurricane season was an above-average Pacific hurricane season, although most of the storms were weak and short-lived. There were few notable storms this year. Tropical storms Miriam, Norman, and Rosa all made landfall in Mexico with minimal impact. Hurricane Daniel briefly threatened the U.S. state of Hawaii while weakening. Hurricane Carlotta was the strongest storm of the year and the second-strongest June hurricane in recorded history. Carlotta killed 18 people when it sank a freighter. Overall, the season was significantly more active than the previous season, with 19 tropical storms. In addition, six hurricanes developed. Furthermore, there were total of two major hurricanes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1997 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 1997 Pacific hurricane season was a very active hurricane season. With hundreds of deaths and hundreds of millions of dollars in damage, this was one of the deadliest and costliest Pacific hurricane seasons on record. This was due to the exceptionally strong 1997–98 El Niño event. The season officially started on May 15, in the eastern Pacific, and on June 1, in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when almost all tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1996 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 1996 Pacific hurricane season had below normal tropical cyclone activity, producing 9 tropical storms, of which 5 became hurricanes, with 2 of those intensifying into major hurricanes. With an Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 53.9, the season ranks among the least intense Pacific hurricane seasons on record. It officially began May 15, 1996, in the eastern north Pacific and on June 1, 1996, in the central north Pacific. It ended on November 30, 1996. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The season slightly exceeded these bounds when tropical storm One-E formed on May 13.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2007 Atlantic hurricane season was the first season since 2003 to feature tropical activity both before and after the official bounds of the season. There were an above-average number of named storms during the season – 15, however many storms were weak and short-lived. Despite the predominance of weak systems, this was the first season on record to feature more than one Category 5 landfalling hurricane. This would not happen again until 2017. It produced 17 tropical cyclones, 15 tropical storms, six hurricanes, and two major hurricanes. It officially started on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean, although as shown by Subtropical Storm Andrea and Tropical Storm Olga in early May and early December, respectively, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year. The first system, Subtropical Storm Andrea, developed on May 9, while the last storm, Tropical Storm Olga, dissipated on December 13. The most intense hurricane, Dean, was, at the time, the third most intense landfalling Atlantic storm on record. It was the second on record in which an Atlantic hurricane, Felix, and an eastern Pacific hurricane, Henriette, made landfall on the same day. September had a then record-tying eight storms, until it was surpassed in 2020. However, the strengths and durations of most of the storms were low.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the 1983 Atlantic hurricane season</span>

The 1983 Atlantic hurricane season was an event in the annual tropical cyclone season in the north Atlantic Ocean. It was the least active Atlantic hurricane season in 53 years, during which four storms formed. The season officially began on June 1, 1983 and ended November 30, 1983. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most systems form. The first named storm, Hurricane Alicia, formed on August 15. The last storm of the season, Tropical Storm Dean, dissipated on September 30.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2009 Atlantic hurricane season was a near-average Atlantic hurricane season that produced eleven tropical cyclones, nine named storms, three hurricanes, and two major hurricanes. It officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates that conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season's first tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One, developed on May 28, while the final storm, Hurricane Ida, dissipated on November 10. The most intense hurricane, Bill, was a powerful Cape Verde-type hurricane that affected areas from the Leeward Islands to Newfoundland. The season featured the lowest number of tropical cyclones since the 1997 season, and only one system, Claudette, made landfall in the United States. Forming from the interaction of a tropical wave and an upper-level low, Claudette made landfall on the Florida Panhandle with maximum sustained winds of 45 mph (70 km/h) before quickly dissipating over Alabama. The storm killed two people and caused $228,000 in damage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2012 Atlantic hurricane season was the final year in a string of three consecutive very active seasons since 2010, with 19 tropical storms. The 2012 season was also a costly one in terms of property damage, mostly due to Hurricane Sandy. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates that conventionally delimit the period during each year in which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean. However, Alberto, the first named system of the year, developed on May 19 – the earliest date of formation since Subtropical Storm Andrea in 2007. A second tropical cyclone, Beryl, developed later that month. This was the first occurrence of two pre-season named storms in the Atlantic basin since 1951. It moved ashore in North Florida on May 29 with winds of 65 mph (105 km/h), making it the strongest pre-season storm to make landfall in the Atlantic basin. This season marked the first time since 2009 where no tropical cyclones formed in July. Another record was set by Hurricane Nadine later in the season; the system became the fourth-longest-lived tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Atlantic, with a total duration of 22.25 days. The final storm to form, Tony, dissipated on October 25 – however, Hurricane Sandy, which formed before Tony, became extratropical on October 29.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2013 Atlantic hurricane season was a well below average Atlantic hurricane season in terms of the number of hurricanes. It was the first since 1994 with no major hurricanes, Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson scale, and the first in the satellite era where no hurricanes reached Category 2 strength. Altogether, the season produced 15 tropical cyclones, of which all but one became a named storm. The season officially began on June 1, 2013, and ended on November 30, 2013. These dates historically describe the period in each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in the North Atlantic and are adopted by convention. The first storm of the season, Andrea, developed on June 5, while the last, an unnamed subtropical storm, dissipated on December 7. Throughout the year, only two storms, Humberto and Ingrid, reached hurricane strength; this was the lowest seasonal total since 1982.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record, in terms of number of systems. It featured a total of 31 tropical or subtropical cyclones, with all but one cyclone becoming a named storm. Of the 30 named storms, 14 developed into hurricanes, and a record-tying seven further intensified into major hurricanes. It was the second and final season to use the Greek letter storm naming system, the first being 2005, the previous record. Of the 30 named storms, 11 of them made landfall in the contiguous United States, breaking the record of nine set in 1916. During the season, 27 tropical storms established a new record for earliest formation date by storm number. This season also featured a record ten tropical cyclones that underwent rapid intensification, tying it with 1995, as well as tying the record for most Category 4 hurricanes in a singular season in the Atlantic Basin. This unprecedented activity was fueled by a La Niña that developed in the summer months of 2020, continuing a stretch of above-average seasonal activity that began in 2016. Despite the record-high activity, this was the first season since 2015 in which no Category 5 hurricanes formed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2019 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2019 Pacific hurricane season was an above average season which produced nineteen named storms, most of which were rather weak and short-lived. Only seven hurricanes formed, the fewest since 2010. The season officially began on May 15 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; they both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin. This season was one of the latest-starting Pacific hurricane seasons on record, with the first tropical cyclone, Hurricane Alvin, forming on June 25. The final system, Tropical Depression Twenty-One-E, dissipated on November 18.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Atlantic hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean

The 2021 Atlantic hurricane season was the third-most active Atlantic hurricane season on record in terms of number of tropical cyclones, although many of them were weak and short-lived. With 21 named storms forming, it became the second season in a row and third overall in which the designated 21-name list of storm names was exhausted. Seven of those storms strengthened into a hurricane, four of which reached major hurricane intensity, which is slightly above-average. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30. These dates historically describe the period in each year when most Atlantic tropical cyclones form. However, subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis is possible at any time of the year, as demonstrated by the development of Tropical Storm Ana on May 22, making this the seventh consecutive year in which a storm developed outside of the official season.

References

  1. 1 2 "Background Information: The North Atlantic Hurricane Season". Climate Prediction Center. College Park, Maryland: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. August 9, 2012. Archived from the original on March 11, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
  2. 1 2 "North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics". Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 Mary Vorobril (July 23, 1983). "Five-hurricane season predicted new—though fallible—technique also forecasts a busy 1984 period". Miami Herald . p. 3A. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved April 5, 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Robert Case; Harold Gerrish (1984). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1983" (PDF). American Meteorological Society. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 2, 2014. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  5. ↑ William M. Gray (May 24, 1984). "Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity for 1984" (PDF). Colorado State University. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 15, 2021. Retrieved August 29, 2021.
  6. ↑ Albert Sehlstedt Jr. (October 1, 1983). "Apathy in the face of a killer storm is a major concern". The Baltimore Sun. p. B2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  7. ↑ National Hurricane Center (1983). "Hurricane Alicia Preliminary Report Page 3". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2024.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 National Hurricane Center (1983). "Hurricane Alicia Preliminary Report Page 1". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  10. 1 2 3 Costliest U.S. tropical cyclones tables updated (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. January 26, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
  11. 1 2 "Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT". Hurricane Research Division. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. September 2021. Archived from the original on February 27, 2020. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  12. ↑ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (May 27, 2010). "Background information: the North Atlantic Hurricane Season". Climate Prediction Center. Archived from the original on May 10, 2011. Retrieved March 30, 2011.
  13. ↑ "First Tropical Depression Weakens, Second Tropical Depression Forming". The Noblesville Ledger. United Press International. July 29, 1983. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  14. ↑ Liz Balmaseda (July 31, 1983). "Depression has good chance of being first tropical storm". Miami Herald. p. 2A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  15. ↑ "2nd tropical depression withers". Miami Herald. August 3, 1983. p. 2A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  16. 1 2 David Roth (2007). "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall: Hurricane Alicia". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  17. 1 2 "Hurricane Alicia: Prediction, Damage & Recovery Efforts" (PDF). Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environment. 1983. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 15, 2012. Retrieved May 5, 2011.
  18. 1 2 3 4 National Hurricane Center (1983). "Hurricane Barry Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 National Hurricane Center (1983). "Hurricane Chantal Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  20. ↑ "Hurricane Chantal bypasses Bermuda". The Philadelphia Inquirer. United Press International. September 12, 1983. p. 3-A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  21. 1 2 "New tropical depression forms aims toward Windwards". Miami Herald. September 19, 1983. p. 3A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  22. ↑ "Caribbean storm downgraded". Miami Herald. September 21, 1983. p. 2A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Miles B. Lawrence (October 14, 1983). "Tropical Storm Dean Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  24. ↑ Miles B. Lawrence (October 14, 1983). "Tropical Storm Dean Preliminary Report – Page 2". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
  25. 1 2 David Roth (2007). "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall: Tropical Storm Dean". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Archived from the original on February 16, 2015. Retrieved February 2, 2007.
  26. ↑ National Hurricane Operations Plan (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. May 1983. p. 3-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 12, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  27. ↑ "Alicia first: When will Barry come?". Asbury Park Press. Asbury Park, New Jersey. August 21, 1983. p. C1. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved April 5, 2021– via Newspapers.com. Lock-green.svg
  28. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  29. ↑ National Hurricane Operations Plan (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. April 1989. p. 3-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  30. ↑ Robert A. Case; Harold P. Gerrish (May 1, 1984). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1983". Monthly Weather Review. 112 (5). American Meteorological Society: 1083–1092. Bibcode:1984MWRv..112.1083C. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1083:AHSO>2.0.CO;2 . ISSN   1520-0493. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.