2021 Albanian parliamentary election

Last updated

2021 Albanian parliamentary election
Flag of Albania.svg
←  2017 25 April 2021 2025  →
140 seats to the Parliament of Albania
71 seats needed for a majority
Turnout46.29% (Decrease2.svg 0.46pp)
PartyLeaderVote %Seats+/–
PS Edi Rama 48.67740
PD–AN [a] Lulzim Basha 39.4359+16
LSI Monika Kryemadhi 6.814−15
PSD Tom Doshi 2.253+2
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Zgjedhjet e pergjithshme 2021 (harta qarqeve).svg
Result by constituency
Prime Minister beforePrime Minister after election
Edi Rama
PS 		Edi Rama
PS

Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 25 April 2021 amid the COVID-19 pandemic to elect the 140 members of the parliament. A total of 1,871 candidates, including 732 women, were registered, with ten political parties, two coalitions and three independent candidates contesting the election. The Socialist Party (PS), led by incumbent Prime Minister Edi Rama, opted for an independent participation, while the opposition Democratic Party (PD), under Lulzim Basha, formed the Democratic Party –Alliance for Change (PD –AN), a coalition with 12 smaller parties. Other notable political entities, including the Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) and the Social Democratic Party (PSD), also pursued electoral success independently. The election campaign was highly polarised, with competing narratives centered on pressing national issues such as European Union (EU) accession, economic development, healthcare reform, infrastructure modernisation, and the government's handling of the COVID-19 crisis. Campaign strategies were significantly altered due to the pandemic, with political parties increasingly relying on digital platforms and social media to reach voters, as traditional in-person events were limited by public health restrictions.

Contents

Voter turnout was recorded at 46%, with 1,661,176 voters casting their ballots. The PS emerged as the dominant political force, securing 49% of the vote, which translated into 74 seats in parliament, thereby maintaining its parliamentary majority. This marked a third consecutive victory for the PS and Prime Minister Rama. The PD –AN coalition experienced a notable recovery compared to previous electoral cycles, securing 39% of the vote and winning 59 seats. Conversely, the LSI suffered a sharp decline, losing 15 seats and securing just four seats overall, while the PSD contested the elections with limited success. One of the key challenges in the election was the high rate of invalid votes, 83,059 ballots, 5% of the total, were invalid, primarily due to voter confusion with the new ballot design, which only displayed candidate numbers rather than names for preferential votes.

Prime Minister Rama's government received a vote of confidence in parliament on 10 September 2021, enabling the formation of his third cabinet. Subsequently, on 18 September, the cabinet was formally sworn in, with a renewed focus on earthquake reconstruction, economic recovery, pandemic management, and efforts to strengthen the rule of law. The new administration's priorities included the continued rebuilding of infrastructure following the devastating 2019 earthquake, as well as the implementation of reforms aimed at modernising Albania's economy and improving the welfare system. These efforts were framed within the context of Albania's aspirations for EU integration.

Background

Following the 2017 parliamentary elections the Socialist Party (PS), led by Prime Minister Edi Rama, secured a second consecutive term. [1] [2] The PS maintained a dominant position in the parliament, winning 74 of the 140 seats. [3] The Democratic Party (PD) followed with 43 seats, while the Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) obtained 19 seats. [3] Other parties represented included the Party for Justice, Integration and Unity (PDIU), with three seats, and the Social Democratic Party (PSD), with one seat. [3] By early 2019, an unrest arose as the opposition, particularly the PD and LSI, expressed intense dissatisfaction with the administration of Rama, citing allegations of perceived corruption and electoral fraud. [4] Both parties rescinded all their parliamentary mandates after the government voted down their initiative for the vetting of politicians. [5] This discontent led to their boycott of the municipal elections, as they claimed the process was neither free nor fair. [6] [7] It resulted in the Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ) reallocating vacant seats to remaining registered candidates. [8] The situation became further complicated by a confrontation between President Ilir Meta and Rama, with the former attempting to annul the municipal elections through a presidential decree, which prompted the latter to seek the dismissal of the president. [9] [10] In November 2019, Albania was struck by a 6.4 magnitude earthquake centered near Durrës that resulted in substantial casualties and extensive infrastructural damage. [11] [12]

In March 2020, Albania encountered additional complexities with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The government instituted a comprehensive set of public health measures, including nationwide lockdowns, travel restrictions, and the enforcement of social distancing protocols, which resulted in profound economic repercussions. In June, an agreement was reached to implement a depoliticised electoral administration, consistent with recommendations from the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), which included the introduction of electronic voter identification and the restructuring of the KQZ. [13] Subsequently, on 23 July, the parliament adopted amendments to the electoral code, followed by constitutional revisions on 30 July. [13] The parliament further initiated impeachment proceedings against Meta, however, an inquiry committee concluded that he had overstepped his constitutional authority by postponing municipal elections, impeachment was not warranted. [14] [15] On 5 October 2020, the parliament approved further amendments to the electoral code, aimed at enhancing gender representation, safeguarding public resources, and reforming candidate verification, nomination processes, campaign financing, and dispute mechanisms. [16]

COVID-19 measures

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Health and Social Protection implemented a comprehensive protocol to guarantee the safety of voters and electoral personnel during the election on 25 April. [17] Approved on 13 April, the protocol aimed to prevent virus transmission and maintain electoral integrity. [17] It specified that voting centers had to be located on the ground floor of buildings with proper ventilation. [18] All personnel and observers were required to complete a self-declaration form confirming the absence of COVID-19 symptoms, which included a mandatory temperature check. [19] Observers, both party-affiliated and independent, were allowed to monitor all phases of the electoral process without obstruction. Disinfection protocols were crucial, requiring voting spaces to be disinfected one day before the election and at regular intervals throughout the voting period. Hand sanitizers were made available at the entrance and throughout the area to promote hygiene. [18]

Strict social distancing guidelines limited the number of voters inside each voting center to the number of secret voting booths plus two additional individuals, with individuals waiting to vote required to maintain a distance of at least 1.5 meters. [18] Personal protective equipment, including masks, was mandatory for all election commission members and accredited observers, who had to wear masks at all times while inside the voting center. On election day, voters were required to sanitize their hands and wear masks before entering the polling area, while election officials managed orderly voter movements to facilitate social distancing. [18] Notably, 23,625 citizens infected with COVID-19 were unable to participate in the elections due to isolation protocols. [20] Furthermore, Albanian citizens returning from Greece and North Macedonia shortly before the election were barred from voting because of a 14-day quarantine mandate imposed by the Technical Committee of Experts on 19 April. [21] [22] This decision prompted significant debate among the participating political parties and coalition but was upheld by the Administrative Court of Appeal. [23]

Electoral system

The electoral system of Albania is constructed upon the principles defined in the constitution and the electoral code. As a parliamentary constitutional republic, Albania implements a regional proportional representation method that allocates seats in the parliament according to the proportion of votes garnered by political parties in a multi-party system. [24] [25] [26] The parliament is composed of 140 representatives with a term of four years, where 100 members are elected directly from multi-member constituencies and 40 members from multi-name lists of parties or coalitions. [25] The constitution codifies substantial democratic principles, stipulating that voting rights are equal, free, and conducted through secret ballot. [27] [28] All citizens of Albania, upon reaching the age of 18 and have not been deprived of voting rights, are permitted to participate in elections. [29] The electoral code also establishes comprehensive procedures for voter registration, ensuring that all eligible citizens can participate fully in the process. The allocation of representatives in the parliament is integrated on population size within 12 electoral districts, which correspond to the administrative regions of Albania. [26] To ensure proportional representation, the d'Hondt method is employed for seat distribution, contingent upon an electoral threshold of 1%. [26] This method facilitates a fair allocation of seats relative to the number of registered citizens in each district of Albania. [26]

Election date

According to the constitution, parliamentary elections in Albania are required to be conducted no later than 60 days and no earlier than 30 days prior to the expiration of the parliament's mandate. [25] On 4 September 2020, President Ilir Meta initiated several consultations to determine the election date for the upcoming parliamentary elections, inviting representatives from both parliamentary and non-parliamentary political parties to the Presidenca . [30] [31] The aim of the consultations was to ensure an organised and transparent electoral process. [32] Lulzim Basha of the Democratic Party (PD) proposed 18 April 2021 as the optimal election date, a suggestion that garnered support from other political leaders and smaller party representatives. [33] Edi Rama of the Socialist Party (PS) expressed a willingness to consider various dates but opposed 2 May due to its conflict with Easter celebrations. [33] Rudina Hajdari of Nisma Thurje countered with the suggestion of 2 May, arguing that elections could be conducted on holidays without compromising the democratic process. [33] This sentiment was echoed by Arben Tafaj of the Agrarian Party and Vangjel Dule of the Unity for Human Rights Party, who advocated for holding elections at the earliest possible opportunity. [33] Conclusively, on 6 September, Meta announced that the 2021 elections would be scheduled for 25 April 2021. [34] [35]

Parliamentary parties

As of the electoral code, a parliamentary party is defined as a political organisation that has achieved representation in the parliament by obtaining a minimum of one seat in the most recent electoral contest. [36] Subsequent to the 2017 parliamentary election, the PS obtained 74 of the 140 seats, emerging as the majority party. [3] [37] The PD secured 43 seats, while the Socialist Movement for Integration acquired 19 seats. [3] Further, the Party for Justice, Integration, and Unity received 3 seats, and the Social Democratic Party attained 1 seat. [3]

NameIdeologyPositionLeader2017 result
Votes (%)Seats
PS Socialist Party of Albania
Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë		 Social democracy Centre-left Edi Rama 48.34
74 / 140
PD Democratic Party of Albania
Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë		 Conservatism Centre-right Lulzim Basha 28.85
43 / 140
LSI Socialist Movement for Integration
Lëvizja Socialiste për Integrim		Social democracyCentre-left Monika Kryemadhi 14.28
19 / 140
PDIU Party for Justice, Integration and Unity
Partia Drejtësi, Integrim dhe Unitet		 Minority Right-wing Shpëtim Idrizi 4.81
3 / 140
PSD Social Democratic Party of Albania
Partia Socialdemokrate e Shqipërisë		Social democracyCentre-leftEngjell Bejtja0.95
1 / 140

Parties and coalitions

According to the electoral code, each political party is mandated to submit a registration request to the KQZ no later than 70 days prior to the scheduled election date. [38] This request must comprehensively contain several critical components, including the identity of the party chair authorised to present candidates, the official name and acronym of the party, a specimen of the official stamp, and the contact information for both the finance officer and communication officer. [39] Registered political parties have the option to form coalitions, which must also be registered with the KQZ at least 60 days before the election. [40] A political party that is part of a coalition is restricted from engaging in another coalition or presenting candidates independently. [40] The coalition is required to designate a leading party, which assumes the responsibility for fulfilling the legal obligations formed in the electoral code, and to document inter-party relations in a formal coalition agreement submitted to the KQZ. [40] It is essential that both political parties and coalitions submit a multi-name list of candidates for the parliament election no later than 50 days prior to the election. [41] For the 2021 parliamentary elections, the Socialist Party opted to participate independently, stating its intention to avoid political coalitions. [42] The Democratic Party formed a coalition called the Democratic Party-Alliance for Change (PD-AN) with 12 other parties to present a unified candidate list. [43] [44] The Socialist Movement for Integration also announced its intention to compete independently, while indicating plans to corporate with the two major opposition parties in the counties of Dibër, Gjirokastër and Kukës to create a joint candidate list. [42] However, the KQZ did not register the Party for Albanian People's Welfare, the Labor Party of Albania, and the Party for the Defense of Albanian Workers' Rights due to the absence of a designated bank account number in their submissions. [45] Furthermore, the coalition National Hour Alliance –Emigration –People's Union and Conservatives (AOKBPEK) was formed by the Conservative Party, comprising four parties. [46] [47]

Electoral lists

On 1 April 2021, the KQZ confirmed the electoral lists for the 2021 parliamentary elections. [48] Political parties were required to register by 15 February, while coalitions had until 25 February to complete their registration. [45] A total of 1,871 candidates were registered, of which 732 were women, aligning with the electoral code's mandate that at least one third of candidates from the underrepresented gender must be included on each list. [49] The code also stipulates that candidate lists must incorporate at least one woman for every three candidates, starting from the first position, although the specifics regarding sequencing were somewhat ambiguous. [50] Candidates were required to submit lists for each of the 12 electoral districts, with parties needing to collect 5,000 voter signatures and coalitions 7,000 signatures to validate their participation. [41] [51] However, parliamentary parties and coalitions that jointly hold a number of parliamentary seats equal to or exceeding the number of parties in the coalition were exempt from this signature requirement. [52] A total of 49 party requests were submitted, with 46 parties and three coalitions registered. [51] The final candidate lists consisted of ten parties, two coalitions, and five independent candidates. [48] Independent candidates could enter the election by being nominated by a group of voters, but they were restricted to appearing on only one list. [52] Furthermore, voters were permitted to support multiple candidate lists throughout the electoral process. [52]

Party or coalitionLeaderIdeologyPositionRef.
ADRNew Democracy Alliance Party
Partia Aleanca Demokracia e Re		Edmond Stojku
AOKBPEKNational Hour Alliance –Emigration –People's Union and Conservatives
Aleanca Ora Kombëtare –Emigracioni –Bashkimi Popullor dhe Konservatorët)
Composition
  • Conservative Party of Albania (KONS)
    Partia Konservatore e Shqipërisë
  • Albanian People's Union of Pensioners (PBPPSH)
    Partia Bashkimi Popullor i Pensionisteve Shqiptare
  • Albanian Emigration Party (PESH)
    Partia e Emigracionit Shqiptar
  • Hour of Albania Party (PO)
    Partia Ora e Shqipërisë
Kujtim Gjuzi Conservatism
BD Democratic Conviction
Partia Bindja Demokratike		 Astrit Patozi Pro-Europeanism Centre-right
LNMovement for Change
Partia Lëvizja për Ndryshim		 Jozefina Topalli Pro-Europeanism
LRENew Movement Party
Partia Lëvizja e Re		Arian Galdini Albanian nationalism Right
LSI Socialist Movement for Integration
Lëvizja Socialiste për Integrim		Monika KryemadhiSocial democraticCenter-left
NTH Hashtag Initiative
Nisma Thurje		Endrit ShabaniPro-EuropeanismCenter
PBK Albanian National Front Party
Partia Balli Kombëtar Shqiptar		Adriatik AlimadhiAlbanian nationalismRight
PD –AN Democratic Party –Alliance for Change
Partia Demokratike –Aleanca për Ndryshim
Composition
Lulzim BashaConservatismCenter-right
PLDSHAlbanian Democratic Movement Party
Partia Lëvizja Demokratike Shqiptare		Myslim Murrizi
PS Socialist Party of Albania
Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë		Edi RamaSocial democraticCenter-left
PSD Social Democratic Party of Albania
Partia Socialdemokrate e Shqipërisë		 Tom Doshi Social democraticCenter-left

Campaign

Election campaigns in Albania are regulated to initiate 30 days before the scheduled election date and must conclude 24 hours prior to voting. [67] The day preceding and election day are designated as periods of electoral silence, during which all campaigning is prohibited. [67] [68] The 2021 campaign commenced on 26 March, although several parties, including the Socialist Party and the Democratic Party –Alliance for Change, engaged in preliminary activities and political advertising prior to this date. [69] [70] The campaign was highly polarised, with the discourse centered on European Union accession, economic growth, infrastructure modernisation, healthcare, democratic reforms, and the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. [69] [70] [71] The pandemic necessitated a shift towards digital campaigning, as large rallies were replaced by online platforms. Increased internet accessibility and social media usage led political parties to focus on these channels for voter engagement. [72] [73]

A detailed analysis by the Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) investigated the impact of social media on political engagement and voter behavior during the 2021 campaign. [74] The study examined approximately 85,000 posts from 756 candidate accounts of participating candidates across two major social media platforms, Facebook and Instagram, over a period spanning from 26 March to 9 April 2021, encompassing the initial two weeks of the campaign. The analysis identified stark contrasts in the social media strategies employed by the governing Socialist Party and the opposition, the Democratic Party and the Socialist Movement for Integration, revealing disparities in engagement methodologies and content distribution. Analysts questioned the credibility of the reported engagement metrics, suggesting potential manipulation through the misuse of public resources and coordinated actions, which undermines social media's reliability as an indicator of authentic voter sentiment. [74]

On Facebook, the Socialist Party emerged as the dominant actor, accounting for 49% of all analysed posts and generating approximately 4.11 million interactions. [74] In contrast, the Democratic Party recorded 3.45 million interactions, while the Socialist Movement for Integration garnered only 243,700. The Socialist's strategic deployment of video content was particularly impactful, with videos attracting 2.22 million views. [74] On Instagram, PS candidates published 2,542 posts, yielding over 1.12 million interactions. Rama's digital influence was pronounced, amassing 1.5 million followers on Facebook, more than double the 629,000 followers of Basha, and far surpassing the 87,000 followers of Kryemadhi. Rama's posts generated 1.89 million interactions, while his videos accumulated over 22 million views, further underscoring his considerable influence across social media platforms. [74]

Governing party

The inaugural rally of the Socialist Party at Skanderbeg Square in Tirana comprised a staging designed in the shape of the party's emblematic rose. Partia Socialiste.svg
The inaugural rally of the Socialist Party at Skanderbeg Square in Tirana comprised a staging designed in the shape of the party's emblematic rose.

The Socialist Party (PS) initiated its electoral campaign on 25 March with a rally at Skanderbeg Square in Tirana. [75] In attendance were Prime Minister Rama and the parliamentary candidates, each of whom presented their visions and objectives, thereby reinforcing their alignment with the Socialist Party's electoral agenda. [76] In adherence to public health regulations necessitated by the pandemic, stringent social distancing protocols were implemented to ensure the safety of all candidates in attendance. [77] On 10 February, Rama announced through social media that the party's program for the forthcoming parliamentary elections was nearing completion. [78] [79] [80] He indicated that the program aimed to define a comprehensive vision for Albania by 2030, captured by the accompanying slogan "No time for rest!". [81]

The campaign organised by the PS, presented through the "Rruga drejt 25 Prillit" series of online conferences, offered a comprehensive overview of critical socio-political issues while articulating the government's achievements and objectives. The series commenced on 3 March with "Drejtësia që duam," during which Rama asserted the paramount importance of the judicial reforms aimed at addressing systemic inefficiencies and reduce corruption within the judicial system. [82] [83] [84] Subsequent to this, the 4 March conference, entitled "Shëndetësia që duam," [85] examined the government's substantial measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, spotlighting fiscal allocations directed towards the healthcare sector, which included notable salary and working condition enhancements for healthcare personnel. [86] [87] [88] On 5 March, during the session "Rindërtimi nuk ndalet," Rama delineated the extensive reconstruction efforts that have transpired since the 2019 earthquake. [89] He underscored that all affected families had been provided with housing solutions, with the exception of a minor group entangled in property disputess, while receiving rental assistance. [90] [91] Rama positioned his government as having a commitment to building new, high-standard homes, schools, and public facilities. [90] The conference held on 8 March, "Shqipëria e ardhmja, emigracioni e shkuara," explored the pressing issue of Albanian emigration, proposing a series of strategic interventions designed to mitigate this phenomenon through the promotion of enhanced economic opportunities and the fortification of social welfare programs. [92] [93] [94]

Further discussions on 10 March in "Nisim sprintin drejt 25 Prillit" revealed the administration's commitment to fostering a conducive business environment. [95] [96] Rama pledged to maintain a zero percent profit tax for small enterprises, coupled with an increase in the minimum wage, thereby aiming to stimulate economic growth. [96] On 15 March, the conference "Pagat, Taksa dhe Biznesi" continued this dialogue, emphasising the importance of fair wages and tax policies that support business development. [97] Rama announced that the tax rate for small businesses employing up to 150,000 Albanians would remain at zero until 2029. [98] The following day, 16 March, the focus shifted to education with the event "Shkolla dhe Universiteti." [99] [100] This conference advocated for a 40% increase in teacher salaries, the introduction of English language instruction in all schools starting from first grade, and the construction of new educational facilities, including a university campus. [100] [101] On 18 March, the discussions progressed to notable services in the "Uji dhe Energjia" conference, where the administration pledged to improve water and energy services, ensuring continuous access to potable water for all citizens. [102] [103] Rama outlined an objective to reduce energy losses from 21% to 10%, describing these improvements as essential for the economic growth and long-term development. [103] The series culminated on 19 March with "Shërbimet për Qytetarët dhe Biznesin," which focused on the digitalisation of public services. [104] [105] This final conference detailed initiatives designed to improve administrative efficiency and elevate the overall quality of life for citizens. [106]

Other parties

On 25 March, the Democratic Party –Alliance for Change launched its electoral campaign at 18:00 (CET) at Mother Teresa Square in Tirana under the slogan "Shqipëria fiton" that corresponds to "Albania wins". [107] [108] The event was marked by extensive motorcades of luxury vehicles and large gatherings of party supporters, during which social distancing and COVID-19 safety measures, as recommended by the Technical Committee of Experts, were not adhered to. [108] [109] Notably absent from this event was Sali Berisha, a significant figure in the party's history, marking the first time he was not present at an electoral campaign since its inception. [108] During the rally, Basha addressed the crowd, emphasising his commitment to lead Albania into the European Union. [107] He reminded attendees of the accomplishments achieved during the previous Democratic administration, such as NATO membership and the facilitation of free movement within Europe for Albanian citizens. [108] The selected slogan echoed the 1996 campaign motto "Me ne fitojnë të gjithë" (With us, everyone wins), raised questions about the party's vision and creativity, suggesting a perceived lack of innovation in its political messaging. [110] Throughout the electoral campaign, the party held several gatherings in Elbasan, Kavajë, Shijak, and Shkodër. [111] [112] [113]

The Socialist Movement for Integration adopted a more localised strategy by not organising large-scale events, instead opting to continue with a series of community-based meetings. [114] Kryemadhi opened the campaign on 25 March in Divjakë centered around the slogan "Shqipëria shtëpia juaj", which is interpreted to "Albania is your home". [114] [115] The campaign furhter expanded to other cities such as Fier, and Peqin before concluding on 22 April at Mother Teresa Square in Tirana. [116] [117] [118] During her remarks, Kryemadhi underscored the party's vision for a nation that upholds its citizens, promotes non-discrimination in business, and ensures a dignified life for the youth. [118] Topalli of the Movement for Change inaugurated the party's electoral campaign in Lezhë on 25 March with a public invitation to key political figures Rama, Basha, and Meta to participate in a public debate. [119] She criticised the political establishment for monopolising power and dismissed the notion of meaningful change from figures like Basha, Meta, and Kryemadhi, accusing them of co-opting her party's slogan. [119] Doshi of the Social Democratic Party launched their campaign on 26 March in Tirana under the slogan, "Na jepni besimin, t'ju kthjejmë shpresën", which translates to "Give us your trust, and we will restore your hope". [120] Focused on anti-corruption and judicial reform, the party sought to rebuild public trust in the political system. [121] Following its Tirana rally, the campaign extended to other cities, including Korçë, where it continued to emphasise its message of restoring hope and integrity within the government. [122]

Issues

The 2021 electoral campaign was marked by several critical challenges, as observed by both the European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations (ENEMO) and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). [69] [70] Media coverage lacked analytical depth, with political messaging predominantly centered on the personalities of party leaders rather than on policy discussions. [69] This focus on individual personas was accompanied by a confrontational tone, particularly from President Meta, whose rhetoric extended to social media platforms. [69] The prevalence of hostile and offensive discourse, including derogatory comments targeting political opponents, violated established ethical standards. [69] However, a positive development was the initiation of the "No Hate Alliance", which sought to promote tolerance and mitigate hate speech. [69] The COVID-19 pandemic further complicated the campaign environment. [123] Public health restrictions, including limits on gatherings and mandatory mask-wearing, impeded the ability of political parties to fully engage with voters. [123] While these measures were necessary for public health, their inconsistent enforcement created discrepancies in compliance, with some rallies failing to adhere to distancing requirements. [70] This inconsistency in enforcement was particularly evident in the unequal application of penalties, disproportionately affecting independent candidates and contributing to legal ambiguities, which further skewed the competitive landscape. [123]

Both OSCE and ENEMO highlighted that, despite the broad respect for fundamental freedoms, the campaign was hampered by a lack of substantive policy discourse. [70] Rather than articulating clear, actionable policy platforms, the focus of the major political parties was largely directed at personal attacks and allegations of corruption. [70] The opposition coalition, led by the Democratic Party and the Socialist Movement for Integration, primarily criticised Rama, accusing the Socialist Party of corruption and misuse of state resources. [70] The tone of the campaign was further exacerbated by Meta's open opposition to Rama, which amplified political polarisation. [70] Accusations of organised crime affiliations and corruption, alongside the aggressive rhetoric, contributed to a pervasive atmosphere of distrust. [123]

Opinion polls

The opinion polls preceding the 2021 parliamentary elections indicated a competitive political landscape dominated by the Socialist Party (PS) and the Democratic Party (PD). [59] During this period, the PS exhibited robust support, with percentages ranging from 39.9% to 59%, ultimately achieving a final vote share of 48.67%. [124] In contrast, the PD's support fluctuated between 28% and 47.1%, reflecting challenges in consolidating voter backing, as evidenced by its final share of 39.43%. [124] Smaller parties, such as the Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) and PDIU, struggled to gain traction, consistently polling below 10%, with the LSI receiving 6.81% in the elections. [124]

Polling firmDateSample PS PD LSI PDIU PSD OthersLead
2017 election 25 June1,614,04848.34%28.85%14.28%4.81%0.95%2.77%19.49%
Piepoli + Report TV 24 –27 November 202050053 –59%30 –34%2 –4%1 –3% –5 –7%20%
MRB + Euronews Albania 22 December 2020 –13 January 20211,60041.8%28.2%10.3%1.5% –2.1%13.6%
Piepoli + Report TV 19 January –22 January90048 –52%31 –35%4 –8%2 –4% –1 –9%13%
MRB + Euronews Albania 25 January –12 February1,60039.9%30.6%9.1%1.6% –1.8%9.3%
IPSOS + Top Channel 10 February –16 February1,52749.5%39.3%5.1%0.2%0.8%5%12.2%
Piepoli + Report TV 18 February80047 –51%33 –37%4 –8%2 –4% –2 –12%10%
NOTO Sondaggi + Ora News 23 February2,00041 –45%34 –38%8 –12%1 –3% –7 –11%3%
GeoCartography + T7&GE 24 February –8 March3,77845.25%42.55%8.8% – –3.54%2.7%
MRB + Euronews Albania 25 February –9 March1,60041.3%30.8%7.6%1.3% –1.1%10.5%
IPSOS + Top Channel 3 March –9 March1,51948.7%40.6%4.6% –0.9%5.1%8.1%
Piepoli + Report TV 17 March1,00047 –51%37 –41%4 –8% –0 –2%1 –10%6%
NOTO Sondaggi + Ora News 12 March –22 March2,00044.5 –48.5%41 –45%6 –10% –0 –2%0 –2%1%
Piepoli + Report TV 23 March –28 March1,00047 –51%38 –42%4 –8% –0 –2%0 –8%5%
MRB + Euronews Albania 17 March –31 March2,50043%35.4%5.2% – –3.8%7.6%
IPSOS + Top Channel 29 March –31 March1,51348.4%39.3%5% –1.7%5.5%9.1%
NOTO Sondaggi + Ora News 6 April2,00044 –48%42 –46%6 –10% –0 –1%0 –3%1%
Smith Research & Consulting 27 March –9 April1,00042.5%44.7%11.3% – –1.5%2.2%
MRB + Euronews Albania 1 April –15 April2,70043%36.8%5.8% – –3%6.2%
NOTO Sondaggi + Ora News 16 April –19 April2,00043.5 –47.5%42.5 –46.5%4 –7.5% –0 –2%1 –5%1%
Flame Tree Advisors + Syri TV 19 April1,00042.1%47.1%9.4% – –1.3%5%
IPSOS + Top Channel 18 April –20 April1,02948.1%43.6%3.6% –0.8%3.4%4.5%
Smith Research & Consulting 23 April1,00042.4%46.1%10.4% – –1.1%3.7%
2021 election25 April1,578,11748.67%39.43%6.81%with PD2.25%2.84%9.24%

Results

The 2021 parliamentary elections took place on 25 April 2021 from 07:00 to 19:00 (CET) and recorded a total of 3,588,869 registered voters. [124] [125] Voter turnout was at 46.29%, with 1,661,176 ballots cast across 5,199 voting centres throughout Albania. [126] [127] The Socialist Party (PS) emerged as the predominant political force in the elections, securing 768,134 votes, which represented 48.67% of the total electorate, and successfully maintaining its representation with 74 seats in the parliament. The Democratic Party –Alliance for Change (PD –AN) demonstrated significant improvement in the elections, receiving 622,187 votes, equivalent to 39.43% of the electorate, a notable increase from its lows in both 2013 and 2017. This recovery was aided by the incorporation of several smaller parties, which strengthened its electoral coalition and overall representation to 59 seats in the parliament. [128] The Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) encountered a considerable decline, obtaining 107,538 votes, or 6.81%, and reducing its seat count to 4, reflecting a loss of 15 seats compared to the 2017 elections. Smaller parties also participated, with the Social Democratic Party (PSD) attracting 35,475 votes, representing 2.25%, and securing 3 seats. Nisma Thurje garnered 10,217 votes, amounting to 0.65%, yet failed to achieve parliamentary representation. A significant concern during the elections was the high number of invalid votes, totaling 83,059, which accounted for 5.00% of the total ballots cast. [128] This issue was largely attributed to voter confusion with the new ballot design, which did not display the names of candidates for preferential votes, only their corresponding numbers. [128] [129]

The 2021 elections were marked by significant external influences from neighboring countries. [59] [130] The Vetëvendosje party from Kosovo attempted to shape the electoral outcome by fielding three candidates presented as independent, who aligned with its pro-unification agenda. [59] Prime Minister Albin Kurti actively encouraged Albanian voters to support these candidates, with party members participating in campaign events across Albania. [59] [131] Furthermore, North Macedonia's Prime Minister Zoran Zaev endorsed the PS, urging the Albanian-Macedonian community to vote in its favor. [59] [132]

Summary

Albania Parliament 2021.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Socialist Party 768,13448.67740
Democratic Party –Alliance for Change 622,18739.4359+16
Socialist Movement for Integration 107,5386.814–15
Social Democratic Party 35,4752.253+2
Nisma Thurje 10,2170.650New
Democratic Conviction 8,2390.520New
Movement for Change7,0540.450New
Albanian Democratic Movement Party4,7050.300New
New Movement Party3,7670.240New
New Democracy Alliance Party3,2320.200New
Albanian National Front Party 1,9460.120New
National Hour Alliance –Emigration –People's Union and Conservatives1,3760.090New
Independents4,2470.270–
Total1,578,117100.00140–
Valid votes1,578,11795.00
Invalid/blank votes83,0595.00
Total votes1,661,176100.00
Registered voters/turnout3,588,86946.29
Source: KQZ [126] and OSCE [124]

Results by constituency

Results by constituency .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Socialist Party Democratic Party Socialist Movement for Integration Social Democratic Party 2021 Alb election constituency deputies.png
Results by constituency

The 2021 parliamentary elections revealed varied results across the Albanian constituencies. The PS emerged as the dominant political force, securing 48.67% of the total electorate. [133] It achieved significant victories among others in Berat with 55.97% and 5 seats, in Elbasan with 55.21% and 8 seats, and in Vlorë with 57.91% and 8 seats, demonstrating substantial endorsement in the southwestern and southern regions, while experiencing diminished endorsement in the northwestern and northeastern areas. [128] The PD –AN received 39.43% of the electorate, aided by the incorporation of several smaller parties that strengthened its coalition. [133] Notable results were recorded among others in Kukës, where it garnered 62.27% and 2 seats, and in Dibër, where it secured 45.13% and 3 seats. The LSI faced a marked decline, obtaining 6.81% of the total electorate and securing representation primarily in Fier and Korçë. [133] The PSD garnered 2.25% of the vote, achieving representation in Shkodër and Tirana. [133]

Constituency PS PD –AN LSI PSD Seats
 %Seats %Seats %Seats %Seats
Berat 55.97530.44211.12–0.50–7
Dibër 44.70245.1336.91–0.70–5
Durrës 50.26841.4466.20–0.43–14
Elbasan 55.21837.0664.42–0.38–14
Fier 52.77937.2767.1010.46–16
Gjirokastër 53.83330.66112.68–1.16–4
Korçë 48.90640.7756.86–1.02–11
Kukës 35.84162.2720.17–0.47–3
Lezhë 38.03347.42410.34–0.44–7
Shkodër 28.11343.8059.37115.24211
Tirana 48.671839.12156.0022.85136
Vlorë 57.91831.5246.08–0.60–12
Total48.677439.43596.8142.253140

Aftermath

Subsequent to the announcement of the preliminary election results, Rama proclaimed his electoral triumph and convened with supporters of the Socialist Party (PS) at Skanderbeg Square in Tirana to commemorate his third consecutive term in office. [134] [135] [136] He distinguished the results as "the most challenging, significant, and beautiful victory" in the annals of the PS. [134] [137] In his address, Rama articulated a profound sense of pride in the Albanian people, acknowledging their resilience and determination during this critical moment in Albania's history. [138] Conversely, Basha of the Democratic Party –Alliance for Change (PD –AN) contested the preliminary results, alleging that the PS engaged in extensive electoral manipulation, including vote buying and the invalidation of thousands of ballots. [134] He denounced the electoral process as an "electoral massacre", asserting that the PD faced not merely a political opponent but a regime intent on undermining democratic principles. [134] President Meta emphasised the significance of 25 April as a peaceful and orderly electoral day, affirming that this achievement contributes to the democratic stability of Albania. [139] In a video message, he called for moderation among political parties, urging them to facilitate a serene conclusion to the process and underlined the importance of collaboration among political entities to foster a stable and constructive political environment. [134] [139]

Kryemadhi of the Socialist Movement for Integration attributed the electoral disappointment to strategic missteps, particularly the prior boycott of local elections and the relinquishment of parliamentary seats. [140] Amid these developments, Doshi of the Social Democratic Party submitted his resignation through a formal letter to the KQZ. [141] He expressed his intent to resign from his parliamentary mandate, withdraw from the proportional representation candidate list, and request his replacement. [142] Doshi stated that his decision stemmed from a commitment to safeguarding his reputation against recent unfounded allegations. [143] He reaffirmed his dedication to the leadership of the party and his unwavering commitment to fulfilling the promises made to his constituents. [143] Endri Shabani of Nisma Thurje conveyed gratitude and apologies to their supporters, recognising the significant effort made by citizens who contributed their time and resources to the campaign. [144]

International reception

The electoral triumph of Rama and the PS generated several responses from international dignitaries:

Government formation

On 10 September 2021, the government of Prime Minister Edi Rama received a vote of confidence in the parliament. [154] [155] [156] Subsequently, on 14 September, the President Ilir Meta decreed the government after all ministers were confirmed by the national anti-corruption agency, Special Structure against Corruption and Organized Crime (SPAK). [157] [158] On 18 September at 10:00 (CET), Rama's third cabinet was sworn in during a formal ceremony presided over by President at Presidenca. [159] [160] Following the oath-taking, Rama convened an inaugural session with the newly appointed ministers, comprising 12 women and 5 men, marking their first summit as the Këshilli i Ministrave at Kryeministria . [160] The cabinet received parliamentary approval with 77 votes in favor, amid ongoing discussions regarding President Meta's recent dismissal, which awaited a ruling from the Constitutional Court. [154] The administration's agenda emphasised earthquake reconstruction, effective pandemic management, enhancement of welfare, and initiatives aimed at economic modernisation and the fortification of the rule of law. [160]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Alliance led by PD. The other members are PDIU, PR, PAA, LZHK, PDK, FRD, PBKD, PBDNJ, BLD, PBD, PLL, PKD

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edi Rama</span> Prime Minister of Albania since 2013

Edi Rama is an Albanian politician and painter who has been serving as the 33rd and incumbent prime minister of Albania since 2013 and chairman of the Socialist Party of Albania since 2005. He was Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports from 1998 to 2000. First elected mayor of Tirana in 2000, he was reelected in 2003 and 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Socialist Party of Albania</span> Political party in Albania

The Socialist Party of Albania is a social-democratic political party in Albania. It has been described as centre-left. It is the inheriting force of the Communist Party of Albania, which was founded on 8 November 1941 and later became known as the Party of Labour of Albania. After the fall of communism in Albania, the Party of Labour of Albania rebranded itself as the Socialist Party of Albania in an effort to adapt to the new political landscape. This is the reason why the Socialist Party is claimed to have been founded on 13 June 1991. The PS is an associate of the Party of European Socialists and a member of the Socialist International, and it claims to hold pro-European views.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Democratic Party of Albania</span> Albanian political party

The Democratic Party of Albania is a conservative political party in Albania. It has been the largest opposition party in the country since 2013.

Regular elections in Albania are mandated by the Constitution and legislation enacted by Parliament. The Parliament (Kuvendi) has 140 members elected for four-year terms. The electoral system is open list proportional representation. There are 12 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the country's 12 administrative regions. Within any constituency, parties must meet a threshold of 3 percent of votes, and pre-election coalitions must meet a threshold of 5 percent of votes.

Local elections were held in Albania on 18 February 2007. They came after threats to boycott the elections by opposition parties because of accusations over fraudulent voting rolls; because of this, the elections were rescheduled from 20 January 2007 to the new date on very short notice, a move which was criticized by observers. The elections were seen as crucial to the future of Albanian integration with the European Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gent Strazimiri</span> Albanian politician

Gent Hysen Strazimiri was a member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Democratic Party of Albania (DP). He was Deputy Minister of Interior Affairs from 2007 to 2009. Strazimiri is also member of the committee on Legal Affairs, Public Administration and Human Rights and Committee on Education and Public Information.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 Albanian local elections</span>

The Albanian local elections of 2011 took place on 8 May 2011 in Albania. Electors were asked to elect their municipality's mayor, municipal council members, municipal unit mayor, and municipal unit members. The elections were administrated by the Central Election Commission of Albania. Only 9 of the 384 winning candidates were women.

Vangjel Tavo is an Albanian politician who was elected mayor of Himarë on the repeat elections on 4 August 2024; he was sworn in on 30 September 2024. Tavo was member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Socialist Movement for Integration and served as the Minister of Health from 2012 to 2013, replacing Petrit Vasili.

The Albanian local elections in 1992 was the first local election held in Albania. The elections were held on 26 July 1992 and the general winner was the coalition Socialist Party of Albania with 49.87% of the vote. The Democratic Party of Albania however, won in capital of Tirana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 Albanian parliamentary election</span>

Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 23 June 2013. The result was a victory for the Alliance for a European Albania led by the Socialist Party and its leader, Edi Rama. Incumbent Prime Minister Sali Berisha of the Democratic Party-led Alliance for Employment, Prosperity and Integration conceded defeat on 26 June.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2015 Albanian local elections</span>

Local elections were held in Albania on 21 June 2015. Voters elected mayors, municipal council members, municipal unit mayors and municipal unit members. The Central Election Commission of Albania was responsible for administrating the elections. This provided that the community type of komuna was abolished and at the same time the total number of communities were reduced from 373 to 61 Bashkia. Those entitled to vote elected the executive and legislative representatives of their communities, the 61 mayors (and on the other hand the total of 1595 municipal councils.

Endri Fuga is a political strategist and consultant, known for his role as the Director of Communications to the Prime Minister of Albania Edi Rama. Fuga's long-term relationship with the Prime Minister dates back to when Rama was mayor of Tirana. Fuga became known as the modernizer of the Socialist Party communications systems, as well as the architect of the 2013 left wing coalition campaign, which was characterized by the massive use of digital communication and social media. Prior to joining Rama at the Municipality of Tirana, Fuga was a civic society advocate, working closely with his friend, current mayor of Tirana Erion Veliaj. Fuga has worked as a strategist to political campaigns in Europe, South East Asia, Latin America and Africa. He has also been a consultant for different international organizations, like USAID, IRI, the Open Society Foundation in different parts of the world.

The 2022 Albanian presidential election marked the ninth presidential election held in Albania, taking place from 10 May to 4 June 2022. The election process commenced with the nomination of candidates by the parliament of Albania, necessitating a total of four rounds of voting. The initial three rounds of voting, held on 16, 23, and 30 May, did not result in the election of a president due to an insufficient number of candidates, largely attributed to the internal leadership crisis of the Democratic Party (PD) and the disagreements among the governing parties. On 3 June, the Socialist Party (PS) nominated Bajram Begaj, who was subsequently elected in the fourth round on 4 June.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belind Këlliçi</span> Albanian politician (born 1987)

Belind Këlliçi is an Albanian conservative politician. He has been currently appointed by the Democratic Party of Albania as the Political Leader of Tirana County for the upcoming elections in 2025. He was elected Member of Parliament for Tirana County in April 2021 general elections. He was the official candidate of the Democratic Party to run for Mayor of Tirana in the local elections of 2023, after winning in the Democratic Party Primaries.

Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Albania in 11 May 2025.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">31st Kuvendi</span>

The Thirty-first Legislature of Albania, officially known as the X Pluralist Legislature of Albania, is the legislature of Albania following the 2021 general election of Members of Parliament (MPs) to the Albanian Parliament. The party of the Prime Minister Edi Rama, PS, obtained an absolute majority of 74 deputies, becoming the first party to win three consecutive terms since the fall of communism in Albania.

The Alliance for Equality and European Justice is a political party of Albania representing the Aromanian minority of the country. The ABDE was founded on 28 October 2011 in Durrës by a group of enthusiastic Aromanians led by Valentino Mustaka, the president of the party, and Koçi Janko. Afterwards, the members of the party began a signature collection campaign to fit the requirements of Albanian law that ask for parties to have 3,000 signatures to be legally registered. The ABDE obtained 3,899 signatures in favor of this and submitted a legal registration request that was accepted on 17 February 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Albanian local elections</span>

Local elections were held on 14 May 2023 in Albania. Mayors and municipal council seats were being elected in each of Albania's 61 municipalities.

Gazmend Muhaxheri is a politician in Kosovo. He served in the Assembly of Kosovo from 2004 to 2007 with the Reformist Party ORA and has been the mayor of Peja since 2013 as a member of the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK).

Municipal elections to elect the mayor and Municipal Assembly were held in Pristina on 17 October 2021, with a second round of the mayoral election on 14 November. The elections came just nine months after parliamentary elections which saw Vetëvendosje win by a landslide. Përparim Rama of the Democratic League of Kosovo won the mayoral election, narrowly defeating Vetëvendosje's Arben Vitia, the Minister of Health. by around 1,600 votes.

References

  1. ↑ "Ruling majority for Albania's Socialists". Deutsche Welle (DW). 27 June 2017. Archived from the original on 24 April 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  2. ↑ Cuka, Fatjon (23 April 2021). "Shqipëria në prag të zgjedhjeve parlamentare me sistem të ri zgjedhor dhe nën kushtet e pandemisë" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Albania, Parliamentary elections, 25 June 2017: Final Report". Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). 28 September 2017. p. 28. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  4. ↑ Kent, Randolph (23 April 2021). "Albania's Elections: Where Does Albanian Democracy Go?". International Republican Institute (IRI). Archived from the original on 24 February 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  5. ↑ "Albanian opposition holds anti-government rally". Deutsche Welle (DW). 21 February 2019. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  6. ↑ Semini, Llazar (8 June 2019). "Albania president cancels elections, citing tense climate". Tirana: Associated Press (AP). Archived from the original on 14 July 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  7. ↑ Semini, Llazar (30 June 2019). "Opposition party boycotts election as political chaos reigns in Albania". The Independent . Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  8. ↑ OSCE 2021, p. 4.
  9. ↑ Walker, Shaun (10 June 2019). "Edi Rama, Albania's unconventional Pm who wants to escape the 'curse of history'". The Guardian . Tirana. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  10. ↑ Perry, Maya (10 June 2019). "Albanian Party Accused of Graft Calls for President's Removal". Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP). Archived from the original on 14 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  11. ↑ Smith, Helena; Walker, Shaun (27 November 2019). "Albania earthquake: at least 21 dead and hundreds injured". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 13 August 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  12. ↑ Magra, Iliana; Peltier, Elian; Victor, Daniel (25 November 2019). "Albania Earthquake Kills at Least 23" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  13. 1 2 "Key findings of the 2020 Report on Albania". Brussels: European Commission (EC). 6 October 2020. Archived from the original on 14 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  14. ↑ "Albanian Socialist majority gives up attempt to impeach President Meta". Tirana: European Western Balkans. 17 July 2020. Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  15. ↑ Semini, Llazar (3 May 2021). "Albania's Socialists launch impeachment of president". The Independent. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  16. ↑ Semini, Llazar (5 October 2020). "Albania approves electoral code reform to boost Ee prospects". Associated Press (AP). Archived from the original on 10 April 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  17. 1 2 "Udhëzim nr. 11, datë 24.04.2021 Për zbatimin e masave anti-Covid 19 gjatë ditës së votimeve, për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Gjonaj, Arlinda (20 April 2021). "Publikohet protokolli i masave antikovid për procesin zgjedhor/ Maskat të detyrueshme" (in Albanian). Tirana: Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  19. ↑ "Ministry of Health defines rules that need to be followed on election day". Euronews Albania. 20 April 2021. Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  20. ↑ Sallaku, Doris (24 April 2021). "Zgjedhje në pandemi/ Të gjitha rregullat në qendrat e votimit, distancë sociale, dezinfektues dhe një person përgjegjës për masat anti Covid". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  21. ↑ Cuka, Fatjon (19 April 2021). "Shqipëri, vendoset karantinë dyjavore për qytetarët nga Maqedonia e Veriut dhe Greqia" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  22. ↑ "23 mijë shqiptarë me Covid/ Celibashi: Ja si do veprohet me këta votues nëse paraqiten". Syri (in Albanian). 24 April 2021. Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  23. ↑ "Rrëzohet kërkesa e Lsi, Apeli Administrativ lë në fuqi karantinim 2 javor për ata që vijnë nga Greqia e Maqedonia". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 24 April 2021. Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  24. ↑ OSCE 1998, p. 1, Article 1.
  25. 1 2 3 OSCE 1998, p. 12, Article 64.
  26. 1 2 3 4 OSCE 2021, p. 6.
  27. ↑ OSCE 1998, p. 9, Article 45.
  28. ↑ OSCE 1998, p. 14, Article 73.
  29. ↑ OSCE 1998, p. 8, Article 45.
  30. ↑ "Data e Zgjedhjeve 2021/ Meta kërkon takim të premten me kryetarët e partive, Basha konfirmon pjesëmarrjen, Rama ende 'hesh". Dosja (in Albanian). 1 September 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  31. ↑ "Presidenti Meta fton partitë për të caktuar datën e zgjedhjeve". Koha (in Albanian). 2 September 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  32. ↑ Cuka, Fatjon (4 September 2020). "Meta takon drejtuesit e partive politike për datën e zgjedhjeve parlamentare" (in Albanian). Anadolu Agency (AA). Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  33. 1 2 3 4 "Meta mbyll konsultimet me partitë për datën e zgjedhjeve! Rama: Dakord për çdo datë, përveç 2 majit! Basha: Shqiptarët duan zgjedhje sot! Hajdari: Propozova ditën e Pashkëve". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 4 September 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  34. ↑ "Presidenti Meta cakton datën 25 prill për zgjedhjet 2021" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 6 September 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  35. ↑ "25 prill 2021/ Meta dekreton datën e zgjedhjeve, i kënaq të gjithë përveç Hajdarit, s'ia realizoi dëshirën për festë". Dosja (in Albanian). 6 September 2020. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  36. ↑ OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 2.
  37. ↑ Nordsieck, Wolfram (8 January 2024). "Parties and Elections in Europe". Books on Demand (BoD). Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
  38. ↑ OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 44, Article 64.
  39. ↑ OSCE Electoral Code 2021, pp. 44–45, Article 64.
  40. 1 2 3 OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 45, Article 65.
  41. 1 2 OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 45, Article 67.
  42. 1 2 "Zgjedhjet e 25-Prillit, Kqz regjistron koalicionin 'Partia Demokratike-Aleanca për Ndryshim' dhe 'Aleancën'". Dosja (in Albanian). Tirana. 2 March 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  43. 1 2 "Vendim nr. 107, datë 02.03.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës për regjistrimin e koalicionit Partia Demokratike-Aleanca për ndryshim (Pd-Pr-Pdiu-Paa-Ppdnj-Pdk-Lzhk-Pll-Frd-Bld-Pbkd-Pbd-Pkd), Pd-An, për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qëndror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 13 July 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  44. ↑ "Regjistrohet 'Aleanca për Ndryshim', Pd bën bashkë 12 parti, mes tyre edhe Frd e Bamir Topit" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 25 February 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  45. 1 2 ENEMO 2021, p. 23.
  46. 1 2 "Vendim nr. 117, datë 08.03.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës për regjistrimin e koalicionit Aleanca Bashkimi Popullor-Emigracioni-Ora e Shpresës dhe Konservatorët (Abeok), për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Komisioni Qëndror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 1 December 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  47. ↑ "Sot afati i fundit/ Mbërrin në Kqz kërkesa e parë për regjistrimin si koalicion zgjedhor. Gjuzi bëhet bashkë me" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 24 February 2021. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  48. 1 2 "Për miratimin e përmbajtjes së fletëve të votimit për zgjedhjet për Kuvendin e Shqipërisë të datës 25 Prill 2021" (PDF) (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 1 April 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 September 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  49. ↑ OSCE 2021, p. 13.
  50. ↑ OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 46, Article 67.
  51. 1 2 OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 46, Article 68.
  52. 1 2 3 OSCE 2021, p. 12.
  53. ↑ "Vendim nr. 58, datë 11.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Aleanca Demokracia e Re, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  54. ↑ "Vendim nr. 31, datë 05.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Bindja Demokratike për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 24 April 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  55. 1 2 3 "Albania". Europe Elects. Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  56. ↑ "Vendim nr. 27, datë 05.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Lëvizja për Ndryshim për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 24 April 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  57. ↑ "Vendim nr. 56, datë 11.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Lëvizja e Re, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  58. ↑ "Galdini: Lëvizja e Re mbërrin edhe në Elbasan" (in Albanian). Koha Jone. 24 October 2019. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  59. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Albania: Parliamentary Elections April 25, 2021". Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Archived from the original on 22 July 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
  60. ↑ "Vendim nr. 70, datë 15.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Lëvizja Socialiste për Integrim, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  61. ↑ "Vendim nr. 76, datë 15.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Nisma Thurje, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 2 March 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  62. ↑ "Vendim nr. 34, datë 05.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Balli Kombëtar për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  63. ↑ "Albanie : information sur le Parti du front national (Partia Balli Kombëtar); situation du parti; nombre de membres; information indiquant si des candidats de ce parti se sont présentés aux élections parlementaires de 2005; si le parti détient des sièges au Parlement; si le parti a obtenu un mandat au niveau local; traitement réservé aux membres du parti (2003-2006)" (in French). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 15 November 2006. Archived from the original on 15 September 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  64. ↑ "Vendim nr. 28, datë 05.02.2021 Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Lëvizja Demokratike Shqiptare për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor në zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  65. ↑ "Vendim nr. 69, datë 15.02.2021 "Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Socialiste të Shqipërisë, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021"" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  66. ↑ "Vendim nr. 77, datë 15.02.2021 "Për shqyrtimin e kërkesës së Partisë Socialdemokrate, për regjistrimin si subjekt zgjedhor për zgjedhjet për Kuvend të datës 25 prill 2021"" (PDF) (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  67. 1 2 OSCE Electoral Code 2021, p. 51, Article 77.
  68. ↑ "Shqipëria sot në heshtje zgjedhore". Koha (in Albanian). 24 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  69. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 OSCE 2021, p. 14.
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ENEMO 2021, p. 25.
  71. ↑ Armakolas, Ioannis; Feta, Bledar (April 2021). "Can Albania Exorcise the Ghost of Elections Past? The Milestone April 2021 Elections" (PDF). Konrad Adenauer Foundation. pp. 12–13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  72. ↑ "Pse fushata e zgjedhjeve të 2021 do të jetë ndryshe!". Gazeta Tema (in Albanian). 13 September 2020. Archived from the original on 5 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  73. ↑ "Fushata elektorale online, partitë rrisin buxhetin për reklamat në internet" (in Albanian). A2 CNN. 14 April 2021. Archived from the original on 5 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 Likmeta, Besar (16 April 2021). "Kush po e fiton garën elektorale në rrjetet sociale?". Reporter (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  75. 1 2 "Ps hap fushatën, sheshi kthehet në 'trëndafil'! Rama: Sot PD dha mesazhin e tmerrshëm, s'mund të jetë e ardhmja! Berisha e Meta s'kanë shans ta tërheqin më zvarrë Shqipërinë". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  76. ↑ Marini, Maela (25 March 2021). "Ps çel fushatën elektorale nga sheshi 'Skënderbej' me pjesëmarrjen e kandidatëve për deputetë, respektohen masat antikovid" (in Albanian). Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Archived from the original on 12 May 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  77. ↑ "PS nis fushatën, Rama: Duam mandatin e tretë që Shqipëria të mos kthehet mbrapa" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 31 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  78. ↑ "'S'ka kohë për pushim'/ Rama: Drejt finalizimit programi 'Shqipëria 2030'" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 10 February 2021. Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  79. ↑ "Rama zbulon plan-veprimin e Ps, optimist për zgjedhjet e 2025: Korrim fitore spektakolare". Zëri (in Albanian). 11 February 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  80. ↑ "Ps me 55 mijë anëtarë, Asambleja harton planin e veprimit! Nga zgjedhjet brenda partisë tek Kongresi i qershorit, Rama: Jemi shumë të kënaqur". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 11 February 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  81. ↑ "Socialistët hartojnë programin, Rama mbledh të besuarit për ta finalizuar: Vizioni Shqipëria 2030". Dosja (in Albanian). 10 February 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  82. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Drejtësia që duam". Edi Rama. 3 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  83. ↑ "Rama prezanton programin 'Drejtësia që Duam', kërkon mandatin e tretë: Progresi i bërë nuk mjafton" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 3 March 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  84. ↑ "Rama prezanton programin 'Drejtësia që duam'" (in Albanian). Konica. 3 March 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  85. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Shëndetësia që duam". Edi Rama. 4 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  86. ↑ Saraçini, Klotilda (4 March 2021). "Najada Çomo kandidate për deputete e Ps-së në zgjedhjet e 25 prillit/ Rama: Komandantja e vijës së zjarrit. Nuk duam të bëhesh si ne, ne duam të bëhemi si ty". Tirana: Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  87. ↑ "Rama: Shëndetësia në kohën e Pd për qamet! Halim Kosova na e tregoi qartë se cilët janë ata, s'mund t'i besohet lufta kundër Covid koalicionit tragjikomik të opozitës". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 4 March 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  88. ↑ "Rama falënderon bluzat e bardha: Pa ju, mijëra njerëz që hynë në spitale me armikun e padukshëm në shpinë s'do kishin dalë të" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 4 March 2021. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  89. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Rindërtimi nuk ndalet". Edi Rama. 5 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  90. 1 2 "Rindërtimi/ Rama: Asnjë familje s'u la në qiell të hapur! S'po bëhet puna për zgjedhje, Basha s'ka fuqi të lërë gjumin e të dalë në terren". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 5 March 2021. Archived from the original on 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  91. ↑ "'Rindërtimi, po ecet me ritëm optimal'/ Rama: Basha s'ka fuqi të lërë gjumin e të dalë në terren!" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 5 March 2021. Archived from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  92. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Shqipëria e ardhmja, emigracioni e shkuara". Edi Rama. 8 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  93. ↑ "Rama prezanton planin për rikthimin e emigrantëve: Shqipëria të shihet si një mundësi e re" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 8 March 2021. Archived from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  94. ↑ Marini, Maela (8 March 2021). "Mandati i tretë i PS-së/ Shqipëria në 2030, një vend ku atdheu është e ardhmja dhe emigracioni e shkuara" (in Albanian). Tirana: Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  95. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Nisim sprintin drejt 25 Prillit". Edi Rama. 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  96. 1 2 "'Në sulm për…'/ Rama rendit arritjet që do realizojë Ps pas 25 prillit, kryeministri: Kush mund ti bëjë të gjitha k". Dosja (in Albanian). 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  97. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Pagat, Taksa dhe Biznesi". Edi Rama. 15 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  98. ↑ Gjediku, Eliza (15 March 2021). "Rama: 40% rritje pagash për mësuesit e bluzat e bardha në mandatin e tretë, zero për parlamentarët! 23% taksë kush paguhet mbi 2.5 mln!". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  99. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Shkolla dhe Universiteti". Edi Rama. 16 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  100. 1 2 "'Pagat e mësuesve do rriten 40%'/ Plani për Arsimin, Rama: Ps e çliroi nga kthetrat e politizimit" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 16 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  101. ↑ Mima, Gjergji (16 March 2021). "Në mandatin e tretë, kampus i ri universitar/ Përfundimi i kampusit të Universitetit Bujqësor, Akademisë së Arteve dhe Akademisë së Sigurisë" (in Albanian). Tirana: Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  102. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Uji dhe Energjia". Edi Rama. 18 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  103. 1 2 "'Ujësjellësit ishin fole punësimi partiak', Rama: Në mandatin e tretë ujë të pijshëm 24 orë në 61 bashkitë! Ulim humbjet e energjisë në 10%". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 18 March 2021. Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  104. ↑ "Kryeministri Edi Rama –Rruga drejt 25 Prillit | Shërbimet për Qytetarët dhe Biznesin". Edi Rama. 19 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024– via YouTube.
  105. ↑ "Edi Rama: Para 7 vitesh vetëm 1% shërbime online, sot janë 95%" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 19 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  106. ↑ "Shërbimet për qytetarët dhe biznesin, Rama: 95% janë online, 7 vite më parë ishin vetëm 1%" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 19 March 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  107. 1 2 "Pd nis fushatën elektorale, Basha: Edhe 31 ditë për të nisur ndryshimin" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  108. 1 2 3 4 "Pd nis fushatën në mungesë respekti të jetës! Me qindra militantë të grumbulluar, harrojnë Covid! Basha: Misioni im hyjnor, të hyjmë në Be, të lëmë pas 8 vite ngecje". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 20 September 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  109. ↑ "Shfaqje brutale kundër ligjit e rregullave/ Tubimi i Pd, një qendër Covid ku vetëm Shqipëria nuk fiton" (in Albanian). Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 25 March 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  110. ↑ "Sllogani i Pd-së për 25 Prillin, i njëjtë me atë të zgjedhjeve tmerrëshme të vitit 1996. Eshtë vetëm një gafë?". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 3 February 2021. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  111. ↑ "Basha në Elbasan: Dilni masivisht më 25 prill, ndryshimi vjen me votë". Gazeta Shqip (in Albanian). 11 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  112. ↑ "Basha nga Kavaja: Çdo orë me Ramën në pushtet i kushton vendin, pas 8 vitesh dështime! Ai e di që po humb dhe Shqipëria po fiton". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 20 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  113. ↑ "Basha sot në Shkodër, publikohen mesazhet nga Pd: Dilni priteni me makina, merrni masa që të jenë sa më shumë njerëz". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 5 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  114. 1 2 "Nis sot fushata zgjedhore, PS dhe PD evente në shesh, LSI takime në terren" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  115. ↑ Pata, Ylli (3 February 2021). "Sloganet e 25 prillit, si 50 Hijet e Grey-t". Gazeta Shqip (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  116. ↑ "Kryemadhi prezanton kandidatët në Peqin: Rama urren qytetarët e tij, ka urrejtje për gjuhën shqipe". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 1 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  117. ↑ "Monika Kryemadhi poston videon: Lsi është forcë e parë në Fier prej forcës dhe guximit të grave dhe vajzave". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 3 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  118. 1 2 "Kryemadhi: Të dielën zgjedhim mes jetesës në Shqipëri ose kthimit në azilkërkues" (in Albanian). A2 CNN. 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  119. 1 2 "Jozefina Topalli nis fushatën nga Lezha: Ftoj Ramën, Bashën dhe Metën në debat publik! Kreu i Pd-së më vodhi sloganin e partisë". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 25 March 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  120. ↑ "Tom Doshi nis fushatën: Jam mbështetës i Amerikës, Reforma në Drejtësi kaloi prej meje në Parlament" (in Albanian). Top Channel. 26 March 2021. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  121. ↑ "Partia Socialdemokrate e Shqipërisë nis fushatën" (in Albanian). Partia Socialdemokrate e Shqipërisë (PSD). 30 March 2021. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  122. ↑ "Tom Doshi për zgjedhjet e 25 Prillit: Kam 5 mandate të sigurta në Kuvend!" (in Albanian). Albeu. 20 April 2021. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  123. 1 2 3 4 OSCE 2021, p. 15.
  124. 1 2 3 4 5 OSCE 2021, p. 29.
  125. ↑ Marini, Maela (25 April 2021). "Zgjedhjet e përgjithshme/ Nis procesi i votimit, 5199 qendra në gjithë vendin" (in Albanian). Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA). Archived from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  126. 1 2 "Zgjedhjet për Kuvend 25 prill 2021" (in Albanian). Tirana: Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve (KQZ). Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  127. ↑ OSCE 2021, p. 7.
  128. 1 2 3 4 Kalemaj, Ilir (25 April 2021). "Parliamentary Election in Albania, 25 April 2021". Groupe d'Études Géopolitiques (GEG). Archived from the original on 14 July 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  129. ↑ Rüttershoff, Tobias (29 April 2021). "Albania Has Voted". Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAS). Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  130. ↑ "Albania after the elections: Edi Rama wins for the third time in a row". Instytut Europy Środkowej. 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  131. ↑ Isufi, Perparim (26 April 2021). "Kosovo Pm Chastised For Voting in Albania Elections". Balkan Insight . Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  132. ↑ "Zoran Zaev mbështet Edi Ramën" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 16 April 2021. Archived from the original on 17 May 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  133. 1 2 3 4 Cuka, Fatjon (29 April 2021). "Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë fiton mandatin e tretë qeverisës" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 2 November 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  134. 1 2 3 4 5 Kraja, Gresa (27 April 2021). "PS shpall fitore, PD i konteston zgjedhjet". Radio Evropa e Lirë (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  135. ↑ "Albanian Socialist Party secures third term". Deutsche Welle (DW). 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  136. ↑ Semini, Llazar (27 April 2021). "Albania's Socialists win election, gain 3rd straight mandate". Associated Press (AP). Archived from the original on 4 January 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  137. ↑ Cuka, Fatjon (27 April 2021). "Kryeministri Rama për fitoren në zgjedhje: Fitoi forca më e madhe demokratike" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  138. ↑ "Rama: Dua të jem kryeministër i gjithë shqiptarëve. Fitorja më e madhe që nga '92-shi, nëse bashkojmë forcat me PD-në kjo dekadë do të hyjë në historinë e Shqipërisë" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 August 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  139. 1 2 "Meta njeh 25 prillin, Presidenti: Reflektim deri në shtator kur të krijohen institucionet e reja" (in Albanian). Euronews Albania. 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  140. ↑ "Kryemadhi: Gabuam strategji kur lamë mandatet dhe ikëm nga zgjedhjet, i kërkoj falje Ilir Metës" (in Albanian). ABC News. 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  141. ↑ "Tom Doshi jep dorëheqjen" (in Albanian). ABC News. 26 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  142. ↑ "Tom Doshi jep dorëheqjen e parevokueshme" (in Albanian). Klan Kosova. 26 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  143. 1 2 "La mandatin që fitoi në zgjedhje, Doshi: U tërhoqa për të mbrojtur emrin tim nga akuzat tendencioze kohët e fundit! Jam në krye të PSD, i gatshëm për koalicion me PS". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 26 April 2021. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  144. ↑ "Nuk siguroi asnjë mandat, Nisma Thurje: U bëmë subjekti i ri me më shumë vota në zgjedhje! Falenderim dhe ndjesë për vot". Dosja (in Albanian). 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  145. ↑ "Austrian Chancellor congratulates Pm Rama for his electoral victory". Euronews Albania. 29 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  146. ↑ "Greek Pm congratulates Albania's Rama on election win". Kathimerini . 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  147. ↑ "Vjosa Osmani uron Partinë Socialiste për fitoren në zgjedhjet në Shqipëri" (in Albanian). Klan Kosova. 29 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  148. ↑ "Kurti uron Ramën për fitoren në zgjedhjet në Shqipëri". Koha (in Albanian). 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  149. ↑ "Aлбански Медиуми". Denesen (in Macedonian). 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  150. ↑ "Ali Ahmeti uron Ramën për fitore: Jam pranë jush dhe shqiptarëve". Dosja (in Albanian). 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  151. 1 2 "Shaip Kamberi uron Edi Ramën: Ne do të jemi mirë kur është mirë Shqipëria". Bota Press (in Albanian). 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  152. ↑ Cuka, Fatjon (27 April 2021). "Presidenti Erdoğan uron kryeministrin Rama për fitoren në zgjedhje" (in Albanian). Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  153. 1 2 "Dash: We congratulate Albania on the elections and hope for cooperation with Rama". Koha (in Albanian). 29 April 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  154. 1 2 Abdula, Furkan; Cuka, Fatjon (17 September 2021). "Albania's new government gets vote of confidence" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  155. ↑ "Albanian parliament sworn in following April Socialist win". The Independent. 10 September 2021. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  156. ↑ "Albania approves female-dominated Cabinet". Deutsche Welle (DW). 17 September 2021. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  157. ↑ "Meta dekreton qeverinë Rama 3" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 14 September 2021. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  158. ↑ "Meta dekreton kabinetin qeveritar 'Rama 3'". Koha (in Albanian). 14 September 2021. Archived from the original on 6 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  159. ↑ "Qeveria 'Rama 3' betohet tek Presidenti Ilir Meta" (in Albanian). Televizioni Klan (TV Klan). 18 September 2021. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  160. 1 2 3 Kraja, Gresa (18 September 2021). "Betohet Qeveria Rama 3". Radio Evropa e Lirë (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2024.

Sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.