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Bithynium or Bithynion was a city in the interior of Bithynia, lying above Tius, as Strabo describes it, and possessing the country around Salone or Salon, which was a good feeding country for cattle, and noted for its cheese.. It was the capital of Salone district. Bithynium was the birthplace of Antinous, the favourite of Hadrian, as Pausanius tells us, who adds that Bithynium is beyond, by which he probably means east of, the river Sangarius; and he adds that the remotest ancestors of the Bithynians are Arcadians and Mantineis. If this is true, which however does not seem probable, a Greek colony settled here. Bithynium was afterwards called Claudiopolis, a name which it is conjectured it first had in the time of Tiberius; but it is strange that Pausanias does not mention this name. Dio Cassius speaks of it under the name of Bithynium and Claudiopolis also. It later bore the name Hadriana after the emperor. The names of Claudiopolis and Hadriana appear on coins minted here.
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Prusias ad Hypium was a city in ancient Bithynia, and afterwards in the late Roman province of Honorias, and a bishopric that was a suffragan of Claudiopolis in Honoriade. Before its conquest by King Prusias I of Bithynia it was named Cierus or Kieros. Photius writes that it was called Kieros, from the river which flows by it.
Cypsela or Kypsela, was an ancient Greek town on the river Hebrus in ancient Thrace, which was once an important place on the Via Egnatia. Antiochus besieged Cypsela and its citizens surrendered and became allies with Antiochus.
Lillium or Lillion, or Lileon or Lileum (Λιλεόν), or Lilaeus or Lilaios (Λίλαιος), was a commercial town (emporium) on the Black Sea coast of ancient Bithynia, 40 stadia to the east of Dia. It is possible that the place may have derived its name from the Lilaeus, which Pliny the Elder mentions among the rivers of Bithynia.
Cremaste or Kremaste was a town in ancient Troad. Xenophon speaks of the town and the plain nearby "where there are the gold mines of the Abydeni." Strabo mentions the gold mines of Astyra which town is nearby. Gold mines belonging to Lampsacus are mentioned by Pliny the Elder and by Polyaenus; and they may be the same as those of Cremaste, as the town was generally between Abydus and Lampsacus.
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Embolos was a town of ancient Bithynia, inhabited during Roman times..
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Bruzus or Brouzos was a town of ancient Phrygia, in the Phrygian Pentapolis, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. Druzon, which Ptolemy places among the cities of Phrygia Magna, should be Bruzon.
Hieropotamon was a town of ancient Bithynia, inhabited in Byzantine times. The name does not occur among ancient authors but is inferred from epigraphic and other evidence.
Dadokome was a town of ancient Bithynia, inhabited in Roman times.
Dadastana was an inland town of ancient Bithynia. The Tabula Peutingeriana places it on a road from Nicaea to Juliopolis, and 29 M. P. from Juliopolis. It appears to have been near the borders of Bithynia and Galatia, as Ammianus says. The emperor Jovianus on his return from the East came from Ancyra to Dadastana, where he died suddenly.
Karza was a town in the borderlands between ancient Bithynia and Paphlagonia, inhabited in Roman times. The name does not occur among ancient authors but is inferred from epigraphic and other evidence.
Mistea or Misthia, also known as Claudiocaesarea and Klaudiokaisareia, was a town of ancient Lycaonia, inhabited in Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. Misthia was the seat of an archbishop; no longer residential, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pedachtoë or Pedachthoe, also known as Heracleopolis or Herakleioupolis, was a town of ancient Pontus, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. It was assigned to the late Roman province of Armenia Prima, in which it became the seat of an archbishop. No longer a residential see, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
References
- 1 2 Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World . Princeton University Press. p. 86, and directory notes accompanying.
- ↑ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
Coordinates: 40°09′06″N31°36′45″E / 40.151738°N 31.612625°E
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